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        <title>  <emph>Fagots from the Campfire:</emph>  
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        <author>Dupré, Louis J.</author>
        <funder>Funding from the Library of Congress/Ameritech National Digital
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        <pubPlace>University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, </pubPlace>
        <date>1998.</date>
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    <front>
      <div1 type="frontispiece image">
        <p>
          <figure id="frontis" entity="duprefp">
            <p>[Frontispiece Image]</p>
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      <titlePage>
        <docTitle>
          <titlePart type="main">FAGOTS
<lb/>
FROM THE
<lb/>
CAMP FIRE.</titlePart>
        </docTitle>
        <byline>BY</byline>
        <docAuthor> “THE NEWSPAPER MAN.”</docAuthor>
        <docImprint><pubPlace>WASHINGTON, D. C.:</pubPlace>
<publisher>EMILY THORNTON CHARLES &amp; CO., PUBLISHERS.</publisher>
<docDate>1881.</docDate></docImprint>
        <titlePart type="verso">Entered according to act of Congress, in the year 1881,
<lb/>
BY L. J. DuPRE,
<lb/>
In the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.</titlePart>
      </titlePage>
      <pb id="dupre5" n="5"/>
      <div1 type="introduction">
        <head>INTRODUCTION.</head>
        <byline>BY</byline>
        <docAuthor>EMILY THORNTON CHARLES.<lb/>
<hi rend="italics">(Emily Hawthorne.)</hi></docAuthor>
        <p>In presenting a new book to the public, it is not necessary that the
reasons <sic corr="therefore">therefor</sic> should be set forth 
in a long introduction or a
tedious explanation. It is appropriate, however, that as the
publisher of this unique volume, I point out its strangely original
features, which impelled me to take an interest in its success and
commend it to the rank and file of our army of brave defenders,
as well as to those who wore the gray. Many books have been
written since the war, illustrative of battles, teeming with glowing
descriptions, and claiming glorious victories won by mighty generals,
as in the history of the campaigns written of or given by Grant,
Sherman, Johnston, and others. Most of these volumes have
been biographical, rather than historical. Of those last emanating
from the South, that of Hon. Alex. H. Stephens is, perhaps,
the most just and unprejudiced. It gives expression to the views
of a statesman, thinker, and scholar. It is therefore on a high plane,
and may not, as it should, be thoroughly understood by the masses.</p>
        <p>“Fagots from the Camp Fire” is exceptional in its style and scope.
Its graphic delineation of the coarsest phases of every-day life; its
portrayal of most thrilling incidents within the experience of soldiers
and people of the South; how they loved and hated, starved and
died; and the tender pathos which marks many pages, although told
in the rude language of the uneducated, yet bear that “wondrous
touch of nature which makes the whole world kin.”</p>
        <p>While leaders of opposing armies may not acquiesce in all theories
propounded in “Fagots from the Camp Fire,” the common people, and
especially soldiers who participated in these campaigns, will
agree that these extraordinary narratives are as nearly literally true
as it is possible to make them, after the lapse of fifteen years.</p>
        <p>That “truth is stranger than fiction,” is often illustrated in these
pages. The chief of scouts, who figures so conspicuously, holds a
paper signed by General J. B. Hill, Provost Marshal-General of the
Confederate
<pb id="dupre6" n="6"/>
Army, and endorsed “Approved” by General Joseph E. Johnston,
now a Member of Congress from Virginia, which states that Captain
*** * ******, of Company B, 7th Texas Regiment, Granberry's Brigade,
served as a scout in the campaign of Georgia, and that he acquitted
himself with great skill, courage, and adroitness. Thus the absolute
accuracy of the “Captain's” statements is attested. The distinctive
features, therefore, of this publication, are that it gives an insight into
modes of life in the Gulf States and in Tennessee, which have never
before been portrayed; that the wild adventures and desperate deeds of
Southern scouts are authentic incidents and true to the life; and
that it is the only book published which, while reciting such adventures,
and depicting such scenes, is written from a Union standpoint. If
the author at times advances theories which may not be approved,
it must be remembered that these are one man's opinions in relation
to subjects about which so few think alike. It must not be forgotten
that a truthful and just picture of the country, people, and times could
not have been given if the rudest, most ludicrous stories told had been
omitted.</p>
        <p>Having, as the editor of the <hi rend="italics">World and Soldier</hi>, at Washington,
been the recipient of thousands of letters within the past few
months, from veteran soldiers of the Union; knowing how eagerly the
“boys in blue” read every scrap of war history, and having received,
also, many tributes from Confederate ex-soldiers in praise of the
soldier's paper, although it advocates the interests and tells of the
deeds of their former foes, I earnestly believe that the time has come
when dissension should be buried in the grave of oblivion, and that
those who wore the blue should clasp hands with those who wore the
gray  - </p>
        <lg type="verse">
          <l>For both have suffered and both have lost,</l>
          <l>And victory won was at fearful cost.</l>
        </lg>
        <p>Therefore, commending this book to the public, we shall follow it,
in a few weeks, with “The Soldier's Scrap-Book,” a volume of campaign
stories for the rank and file, in which many of the war incidents
related by common soldiers will appear, with a collection of battle,
decoration, and memorial poems. No one can conscientiously conduct
a newspaper in the interest of soldiers without a desire to
benefit and immortalize those who so bravely endured danger and
privation, suffering and death. Such, at least, has been my
experience; and  - </p>
        <lg type="verse">
          <l>My thought keeps guard with funeral tread,</l>
          <l>O'er silent bivouacs of the dead;</l>
          <l>O'er fields where friends and foes have bled;</l>
          <l>O'er hospital and prison bed;</l>
          <l>O'er plains where death his phalanx led;</l>
          <l>My mind is as a lettered tome,</l>
          <l>In which is writ, <hi rend="italics">they ne'er came home</hi>.</l>
        </lg>
      </div1>
      <pb id="dupre7" n="7"/>
      <div1 type="preface">
        <head>PREFACE.</head>
        <p>I do not tell of great battles, or Generals, or Presidents, or Kings,
and therefore, do not write history. I only define the woes, triumphs,
modes of thinking, living, fighting, and dying of scouts and common
soldiers. I tell of wild adventures, hideous deaths, and marvelous
escapes. I recite terrible incidents, others ludicrous, and others most
pitiful; and if a narrative be rude in expression, significance, or morals,
it is because, if more tasteful, it would not be truthful.</p>
        <p>Mankind recks more of Thermopylæ, with its handful of heroes,
than of all the fields of filthy carnage on which Persians fell and
Greeks triumphed. The Alamo, with its one hundred and sixty-five
immortal defenders, leaving no survivors, will be the subject of song
and story when Arbela, Cannæ, and Austerlitz are forgotten.</p>
        <p>I cannot help thinking, therefore, that with such themes, and when
I tell, too, of the woes of women, and of vices that sprang from war,
and then of the negro and his relations to victors and vanquished,
that this book will excite interest. This will hardly be lessened when,
because of my apprehension of his virtues and character, I have
chosen, without his consent, to dedicate this modest volume to Colonel
W. W. Dudley, the maimed veteran whose devotion to the interests
and fame of Union soldiers is only equaled by his generous
estimate of the virtues of those who starved and fought for the hapless
Confederacy.</p>
        <closer>
          <signed>THE AUTHOR.</signed>
        </closer>
      </div1>
      <pb id="dupre9" n="9"/>
      <div1 type="table of contents">
        <head>CONTENTS.</head>
        <list type="simple">
          <item>CHAPTER I.
<lb/>
Scenes of Adventures.  -  Unionism in East Tennessee.  -  How Lincoln
was Esteemed.  -  The First Blood Spilled.  -  Heroism of
Women. . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre13">13</ref></item>
          <item>CHAPTER II.
<lb/>
Our First Expedition.  -  The March.  -  Bushwackers.  - 
Very like Assassination.  -  Too Much Corn Whiskey.  -  A Love
Scene.  -  Increasing Danger.  -  Involuntary Hospitality.  - 
Spratling's Ire, and Baptism Extraordinary.  -  Bushwhackers Foiled.  - 
The Fury of a Woman. . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre17">17</ref></item>
          <item>CHAPTER III.
<lb/>
A Narrow Escape.  -  A Very Cold Bath.  -  Gorgeous Scenery.  - 
Colder Still.  -  A Newspaper Man Spins a Yarn.  -  A Little
Retrospection. . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre27">27</ref></item>
          <item>CHAPTER IV.
<lb/>
The Newspaper Man Tells of His Escape from Burnside.  -  Compulsory
Sermonizing.  -  “Tristram Shandy.”  -  A Solemn and Terrible Indictment.  - 
The Good that Came of It.  -  Descent of the Mountain.  -  Hunger and Roast
Hog.  -  Plans for the Future. . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre31">31</ref></item>
          <item>CHAPTER V.
<lb/>
Patrolling the “Neutral Ground.”  -  “Mountain Dew.”  -  Ghastly
Spectacle.<sic corr="  -  The">The  - </sic> Tree of Death.  -  Bushwhackers and Great Fright.  - Successful Expedition.  -  Cowardice Punished.  -  Mamie Hughes.  -  Day
Dreams.  -  Southern Men and Women as affected by the War.  -  Negro
Slaves and Southern Women.  -  Southern Planters.  -  Mamie's Home
and Negro Slavery. . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre36">36</ref></item>
          <pb id="dupre10" n="10"/>
          <item>CHAPTER VI.
<lb/>
The Fascinating Deserter and Gay Widow.  -  An Accommodating Negro.  -  The
Capture.  -  Unearthing a Deserter.  -  “Ef this 'ere Umbaril would
shoot”  -  A Corruptible Juvenile.  -  A Woman who loved Whiskey, and
how it mollified Her. . . . .<ref targOrder="U" n="44" target="dupre44">44</ref></item>
          <item>CHAPTER VII.
<lb/>
Soldierly Courage.  -  Another Deserter.  -  A Mountain Beauty.  -  A
Dying Soldier.  -  “He took up his Bed and Walked.”  -  Spratling falls
in Love.  -  Ash-Cakes.  -  Ellison Escapes. . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre49">49</ref></item>
          <item>CHAPTER VIII.
<lb/>
The Underground Railway.  -  A Desperate Adventure.  -  Secession in Kentucky
and Tennessee.  -  In a Bushwhackers' Den.  -  An Heroic Woman.  -  The
Catastrophe.   -   A Graveyard Scene.  -  The Ghost.  -  A “Notiss.”  -  A
Woman's Eloquence and Matchless Patriotism.  -  A Monument to her
Fame. . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre55">55</ref></item>
          <item>CHAPTER IX.
<lb/>
Conservatism.  -  Bell and Douglas.  -  Andrew Johnson.  -  “Rebels” and
“Bushwhackers.”  -  Mamie Hughes and the Bushwhacker. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="dupre64">64</ref></item>
          <item>CHAPTER X.
<lb/>
A Fat and Enthusiastic Widow.  -  General Sherman makes an Heroic Speech
and buys a Turkey.  -  The Pedagogue moralizes.  -  Terrible Condition of
East Tennessee.  -  Effects of the War on the South.  -  Demagogues.  - 
Landon C. Haines' Father. . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre67">67</ref></item>
          <item>CHAPTER XI.
<lb/>
Within the Federal Lines.  -  Friendly Negroes.  -  Pursued by Federal
Cavalry.  -  An Unequal Race for Life.  -  Fighting, Freezing, and
Feasting.  -  Cold Water Baptism.  -  Exhaustion.  -  An Imposing
Spectacle.  -  A Friendly Proposition.  -  In Search of Comfort.  -  Baked
“'Possum and Taters.”  -  Welcome Repose.  -  Poor Whtes.  -  Elisha
Short's Opinions.  -  The Sun Rises.  -  Arduous Tasks.  -  General
Joseph E. Johnston and the Scouts.  -  A Scout's Mode of Life.  - 
The General listens to a Love Story. . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre71">71</ref></item>
          <item>CHAPTER XII.
<lb/>
The Pedagogue Talks of Mamie Hughes.  -  Physical Wonders of East
Tennessee.  -  Sequatchie Valley.  -  An Ancient Ocean.  -  Mamie
Philosophizes.  -  The Negro as a Soldier. . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre81">81</ref></item>
          <item>CHAPTER XIII.
<lb/>
Spratling and Bessie Starnes.  -  The Pedagogue corrects a Chapter in the
History of the War.  -  Who killed General John H. Morgan?  -  How he was
Esteemed.  -  The Camp Fire.  -  The Newspaper Man and the Pedagogue.  -  A
Political Discussion.  -  <sic corr="Absurdities">Absurdties</sic> of Revolution.  -  The Two Nations
and the Confederate War-Song. . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre86">86</ref></item>
          <pb id="dupre11" n="11"/>
          <item>CHAPTER XIV.
<lb/>
Bessie Starnes.  -  Spratling's Story.  -  His Enormous Strength saves
his Life.  -  Two Prisoners.  -  Two Dead Scouts.  -  Spratling's
Confession. . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre95">95</ref></item>
          <item>CHAPTER XV.
<lb/>
Around the Camp Fire.  -  The Newspaper Man Again.  - “Put me down among
The Dead.”  -  The Newspaper Man as a Resurrectionist.  -  Bottled up.  - 
Every Man his own Ghost. . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre100">100</ref></item>
          <item>CHAPTER XVI.
<lb/>
The Newspaper Man spins another Yarn.  -  A Porcine Steed.  -  Sim Sneed
in the Role of John Gilpin.  -  He disperses a Battery.  -  A Dead
Dog.  -  “The Divel Sure.”  -  Denouement. . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre105">105</ref></item>
          <item>CHAPTER XVII.
<lb/>
Spratling makes a Descent upon the Bushwhackers.  -  An <sic corr="Extraordinary">Extraordinay</sic>
Meeting.  -  Spratling suddenly loses his Appetite.  -  At Headquarters.  - 
Camp Life.  -  Woman in War and Politics.  -  Why this Book was written.  - 
Camp Fire Morals.  -  An Illustration.  -  A Ludicrous and Pitiful
Story.  -  An Old Woman Eloquent.  -  “The Foremostest Sin that God
Almighty will go about Forgiving.” . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre109">109</ref></item>
          <item>CHAPTER XVIII.
<lb/>
Death of Major General Van Dorn.  -  A True Story and Sad Enough.  -  The
Northern Version. . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre118">118</ref></item>
          <item>CHAPTER<sic>.</sic> XIX.
<lb/>
The Song that destroyed the Confederacy and dissolved its Armies.  -  Most
Remarkable Military Expedition of which Human History Tells or Genius ever
Conceived or Executed.  -  The Memorable Campaign of Moral Effects.  -  Its Painful and Pitiful Results.  -  An Apparition.  -  The Great Explosion in
Knoxville.  -  Death of Bill Carter. . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre123">123</ref></item>
          <item>CHAPTER<sic>.</sic> XX.
<lb/>
The Newspaper Man Tells of Recent Designations of the Route of De
Soto.  -  His Apothecary's Scales and Nest of Horseshoes.  -  The Monk's
Rosary.  -  Governor Gilmer's Castilian Dagger Handle.  -  Outline of
De Soto's Route Defined.  -  His Burial Place. . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre133">133</ref></item>
          <item>CHAPTER XXI.
<lb/>
Physical and Climatic Charms of East Tennessee.  -  The Captain and
Spratling Pursued by Cavalry.  -  A Bloody Day's Work.  -  Spratling
Visits Bessie Starnes.  -  Wounded.  -  The Conflagration and
Flight. . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre142">142</ref></item>
          <item>CHAPTER XXII.
<lb/>
The Captain Pursued as a Horse-Thief.  -  How he Escaped very
Narrowly.  -  A Brave Boy.  -  Deposition of General Joseph E.
Johnston.  -  How he Bade us <foreign lang="fr">Adieu</foreign>.  -  Woes of Richmond.  -  The Famed
Cemetery of Virginia's Capital.  -  The Poor Child.  -  Its Burial
Place. . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre152">152</ref></item>
          <pb id="dupre12" n="12"/>
          <item>CHAPTER XXIII.
<lb/>
Woes of the People.  -  How Endured.  -  An Ancient Georgia Village.  - 
Curious Story about Governor Gilmer and William H. Crawford.  -  Slave
Life Fifty Years Ago.  -  Joseph Henry Lumpkin.  -  How African Slavery
became African Servitude.  -  Providential Preparation for
Freedom. . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre162">162</ref></item>
          <item>CHAPTER XXIV.
<lb/>
The Negro as an Inseparable Adjunct of Southern Industry.  -  “Missis, de
Yanks is acomin'.”  -  The Schoolmaster on the Character and Conduct of
the Negro.  -  “Yaller-Gal Angels.” . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre167">167</ref></item>
          <item>CHAPTER XXV.
<lb/>
Newspaper Life.  -  Journalism under Difficulties.  -  A Journalistic
Repast.  -  Jamaica Rum. . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre172">172</ref></item>
          <item>CHAPTER XXVI.
<lb/>
Lieutenant Hughes Recites his Adventures in Southern Missouri.  -  Wonders
of the Lowlands.  -  Reckless Freaks of Dame Fortune.  -  A Rebel Negro
and Narrow Escape.  -  Two Unnamed Confederate Heroes. . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre175">175</ref></item>
          <item>CHAPTER XXVII.
<lb/>
General Grant Talks Somewhat.   -  Sam McCown.  -  The Frightful Demon of
the “Inland Sea.”  -  Bickerstaff's Memorable Ride.  -  Patlanders of
Pinch. . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre183">183</ref></item>
          <item>CHAPTER XXVIII.
<lb/>
An Extraordinary Escape.  -  We Take Water.  -  A Voice in the
Wilderness.  -  Was it a Spirit?  -  A True Man and Heroic Wife. . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre188">188</ref></item>
          <item>CHAPTER XXIX.
<lb/>
The Hughes Farmhouse assailed by Federal Soldiers.  -  Heroism of Bessie
Starnes.  -  Conclusion. . . . .<ref targOrder="U" target="dupre193">193</ref></item>
        </list>
      </div1>
    </front>
    <pb id="dupre13" n="13"/>
    <body>
      <div1 type="chapter">
        <head>CHAPTER I.</head>
        <argument>
          <p>Scenes of Adventures.  -  Unionism in East Tennessee.  -  How Lincoln was
Esteemed.  -  The First Blood Spilled.  -  Heroism of Women.</p>
        </argument>
        <p>After Grant's victory and Bragg's defeat, at Missionary Ridge, in
November, 1863, and after the repulse of Hooker's Corps at Ringgold
Gap by Cleburne's Division, Federal and Confederate armies went
into winter quarters  -  the former at Chattanooga; the latter, at
Dalton, Georgia. Detachments of Federal forces occupied positions,
at short intervals, from Knoxville to Chattanooga, and thence to
Bridgeport on the Tennessee River. Small bodies of Union soldiers
held each railway station between Bridgeport and Nashville. Over
this road supplies and re-enforcements for Sherman's army of invasion
were drawn, and an army was required for its protection. General
Joseph E. Johnston, commanding the Confederate forces, had his
headquarters at Dalton, thirty-eight miles from Chattanooga, drawing
supplies over the railway from Atlanta. General Pat Cleburne's Division
was encamped along the brow of Tunnel Hill, eight or ten miles
north of Dalton. In February, this cantonment was transferred to a
point east of Dalton on the Spring Place Road. Our cavalry held the
line from Kinton's Farm, nine miles, to Varnell's station, on the
railway from Dalton to Cleveland, and thence along the hills to the
Stone Church, just south of Ringgold Gap, thence to Villanow
and to the boundary line of Alabama. The railway distance from
Dalton to Chattanooga is thirty-eight miles. Between these points
occurred many of the strange and extraordinary incidents and
adventures of which subsequent pages will tell.</p>
        <p>The area of country between the two armies within which scouts
operated, having the average width of fifteen miles, extended from
Knoxville, in East Tennessee, about one hundred and eighty miles, to
Huntsville, Alabama. Generals Sherman and Johnston both employed
large numbers of scouts, but collisions between these were
<pb id="dupre14" n="14"/>
neither as frequent nor dangerous as between Southern scouts and
citizens of the country, the greater number of whom were devoted to
the cause for which Sherman fought. The domestic enemies of the
South were the more dangerous, not only because more blood-thirsty
and murderous than soldiers, but because it was quite impossible to
distinguish these bushwhackers, as they were termed in the partisan jargon
of the period, from unoffending country clodhoppers.</p>
        <p>We contemplated the most innocent-looking and rudely clad country
bumpkins with keen suspicion. They recognized us at a glance, and
hied away, as soon as our backs were turned, to tell our enemies of
the course we had taken and of our probable resting place for the
night. After asking directions from such persons, which we never
followed, we were accustomed to listen for the firing of signal guns, of
which we comprehended the import as well as they to whose ears
they were addressed. With the armed bushwhacker we knew how to deal,
but were helpless in the presence of those who seemed wholly intent
upon the perfection of crops and cultivation of fields and gardens.
We soon learned that most innocent-looking farmers underwent sudden
and violent transformations of conduct and character. Rustiest,
most illiterate and rudely clad plowmen became even demoniacal in
blood-thirstiness, and in this were wholly unlike our Northern
public enemies. From hollow trees, or from beneath ledges of stones on
mountain-sides hard-by the farm-house, concealed breech-loaders were
drawn, and assassins' bullets sent many Confederate soldiers to untimely
graves.</p>
        <p>Women and children were as false to the South and as true to the
Union as fathers, brothers, and sons, and woe to the Confederate
soldier, recognized as such, who followed paths into which he was guided
by these loyalists. Many an unnamed grave tells where unknown and
forgotten scouts heedlessly confided in statements made by matronly
dames or blushing maidens. Often were brave men lured into modest
cottages by proffered food temptingly spread before the weary
and hungry. The feast was one of death. While hunger and thirst were
appeased, and repose cunningly invited, an unseen member of the
household sped away to mountain fastnesses to carry tidings of the
scout's folly to the bushwhackers' strong-hold. The messenger returned
with enough resolute men to render escape impossible. Matron,
maid, or boy hastened from every mountaineer's home to tell
bushwhackers the route of every body of Confederate scouts that traversed
the so-called neutral ground between the two great armies of the North
and South. Such was the condition of affairs and such the conduct
of the masses of the people, especially in Eastern Tennessee. The
people were poor. They read the Bible and Brownlow's <hi rend="italics">Whig</hi>. They
listened to Andrew Johnson, if Democrats; to Brownlow and Nelson,
if Whigs; and thus, as political thinkers, were led, almost <hi rend="italics"><foreign lang="fr">en masse</foreign></hi>,
into thorough Unionism. The strongest passion of these illiterate
descendants of heroes of King's Mountain and Cowpens impelled them
to kill. “Death to enemies of the Union!” was the legend inscribed
<pb id="dupre15" n="15"/>
upon their hearts and memories. The bushwhackers' definition of
war was written accurately in tears and blood, and flame and famine
by General Sherman. It was simple destructiveness. It meant to kill.</p>
        <p>At this period President Lincoln had won little popular sympathy or
affection among Southern loyalists. His potency came later and
was greatest after his death. Then Eastern Tennessee and Northern
Georgia celebrated his apotheosis, awarding to his name and memory
profounder respect and more honest reverence than was conceded by
those who were near enough the veritable demi-god to discover human
frailties.</p>
        <p>These facts are defined that Northern people may confess some
Inadequate appreciation of the sturdy, honest devotion of those men
and women whose sacrifices in behalf of the Union were a thousand-fold
greater than of men who bought substitutes, paid taxes, speculated
in shoddy and bonds, and celebrated the Fourth of July and Black Friday.</p>
        <p>East Tennessee loyalists believed that the enemies of the Union
Deserved death, and death it was, and this internecine war, waged by
one against another household, or by members of the same family,
arrayed against one another, was the most relentless, bloody, and
ruinous that ever desolated hearths and homes.</p>
        <p>Rarely, very rarely, was it a “rebel's” good fortune to encounter
in this region devotees at the shrine of “Confederatism.” Now and
then, as these pages will show, this “Switzerland of America”
produced a secessionist, as earnest, devout, and active as were Union men
like Crutchfield and Brownlow. It may not be improper to suggest
that the first blood spilled in the great conflict was not, as is commonly
supposed, at Alexandria, Virginia, when the zouave fell, but in
Chattanooga, when “Bill” Crutchfield, afterwards, when Reconstruction
progressed, a Member of Congress, was stricken down in his own hotel
in Chattanooga. Mr. Jefferson Davis, having resigned his seat in the
United States Senate, was on his way to Jackson, Mississippi. His
first speech in behalf of the “new nation” was made at Bristol; his
second, at Chattanooga, and in the bar-room of the old hotel, of which
“Bill” Crutchfield was proprietor. Davis was defining numberless
wrongs inflicted upon the South, and woes that had befallen the country
in the election of Lincoln, when Crutchfield, intolerant as Davis,
pronounced Davis' statements false. One John W. Vaughn, sheriff
of Monroe County, afterwards made a brigadier by Davis, instantly,
in defence of Davis' wounded honor, broke a black bottle, snatched
from the shelf of the bar-room, over Crutchfield's head. The bleeding,
stunned Crutchfield was borne helpless and senseless from the
scene of conflict, shedding the first blood spilled in the war. It
trickled out of East Tennessee into the mighty torrent that soon
afterward flowed, steadily and sluggishly, along the course of Sherman's
march to the sea.</p>
        <p>The neutral ground contained few inhabitants entertaining the
<pb id="dupre16" n="16"/>
feelings or convictions of Vaughn, and Northern, encountered no
such dangers as Southern, scouts surmounted or evaded at every step
in Eastern Tennessee and Northern Georgia. Now and then a woman
was loyal to the cause of the South, and the bravest and truest of our
race, whether adhering to the Union or to the Confederacy, were
fearless women of the mountains and valleys between the two armies.
When England and Scotland were at war, the Border produced no more
illustrious examples of splendid heroism or of nobility of character,
or of fidelity to a cause espoused, than this mountainous, rugged
district in which incidents occurred of which these pages tell. Some
Walter Scott will yet make posterity remember, when traversing
Northern Alabama, Northern Georgia, Western North Carolina, and
Eastern Tennessee, that a sort of sanctity overshadows this region,
and that it is holy ground, baptized in the blood of a border war more
deadly than that waged with the rude weapons of a rude age in glens
and mountain fastnesses of Scotland. For such a story-teller this
modest volume contains facts on which fiction might build a pantheon
peopled with gods of heroism and patriotism.</p>
      </div1>
      <pb id="dupre17" n="17"/>
      <div1 type="chapter">
        <head>CHAPTER II.</head>
        <argument>
          <p>Our First Expedition.  -  The March.  -  Bushwhackers.  -  Very like
Assassination.  -  Too Much Corn Whiskey.  -  A Love Scene.  -  Increasing
Danger.  -  Involuntary Hospitality.  -  Spratling's Ire,
and Baptism Extraordinary.  -  Bushwhackers Foiled.  -  The Fury of a Woman.</p>
        </argument>
        <p>What follows in this narrative is nothing more than a plain recital
of facts drawn from memoranda made at the time. Written with a
pencil eighteen years ago these are not always perfectly legible, but
enough can be deciphered to recall vividly the minutest details of
incidents strongly impressed upon the memory of one only eighteen
years of age when he became a chief of scouts in the army of Joseph
E. Johnston.</p>
        <p>On the day <sic corr="above">abvoe</sic> mentioned Major-General Pat Cleburne, of
the most skillful and bravest of General Johnston's subordinates,
selected six men, of whom I was given charge, instructing us to make
the circuit of Sherman's army. We were to fix the location of each
command, define the force at each point and the strength of each
fortified position. We were to go first to Charleston on the
Hiwassee River and learn what progress was making in rebuilding the
railway bridge burned there by the retreating Confederates.</p>
        <p>After a toilsome march of thirty miles, avoiding public highways,
we rested for the night at Red Clay, a little village on the boundary
line of Tennessee. We dared not make a fire. Armed with Henry
rifles and Colt's repeaters and having forty rounds of ammunition and
rations for five days, our journeying had been toilsome and fatiguing.
Our conversations were conducted in an undertone. We moved even
cautiously in the thicket in which we were concealed, fearing that
the slightest unusual noise would attract the attention of some drowsy
Federal sentinel.</p>
        <p>Surely one who has never occupied such a position or confronted such
dangers can never comprehend the emotions excited by our
<pb id="dupre18" n="18"/>
suddenly changed condition. For months and years we had constituted
inseparable parts of a great mass of armed men. We were
never conscious of personal danger. The possibility of capture or
death, save in battle, never occurred to us. We had never a thought
for ourselves. Parts of a vast machine, we lived and moved as such
until personal identity was almost unrecognized. But here were
six men  -  a seventh, a newspaper man, joined us at Charleston  -  giving
only voluntary obedience to one of their number. We were not only
removed from the mass of which we had become an inseparable part,
but thrown, in the midst of extraordinary dangers, wholly upon our
own resources as men and as individuals. We could not sleep. We
were in the enemy's lines, and when fatigue wooed repose and fitfully
closed our eyes, we dreamed of spies dangling at ropes' ends beneath
shadows of great oaks that stretched mighty arms above our resting-place.</p>
        <p>Wherever we slept one or two men always stood as sentinels until
we resumed our march. We will never forget the feeling of unutterable
solitariness and hopeless helplessness that possessed nerves and
soul, and almost paralyzed us when we lay down on the frozen hillside
to rest on the night of December 14, 1863. We could hear the dull
roar of innumerable human voices and footsteps about the camp fires
of Sherman's countless legions.</p>
        <p>We stood guard in turn, each serving four hours. After daylight
we dared to have fire enough to prepare strong coffee, most grateful
to men who had passed a bitterly cold December night upon the bare
earth, each covered by a single blanket.</p>
        <p>At daylight we resumed our march, moving in indian file along the
verge of the mountain range's summit. At noon we approached the
Big Blue Spring. One of our number ascended a tree with a field
glass, whence he scanned hills and valleys on every hand. We made
coffee, rested an hour, and marched towards Cleveland where, at
nightfall, we bivouacked.</p>
        <p>We could hear the drum-beat of the Federal garrison and ourselves
next morning were aroused by reveille. We loitered two days gathering
information from the people of the place in reference to the
strength of the garrison and examining for ourselves the earthworks,
and marched to the Hiwassee River just below the village of Charleston.
Here, as details hereafter given will show, our small force of
men was recruited by the accession of a seventh, a newspaper man,
who had escaped from Knoxville when the place was captured by General
Burnside.</p>
        <p>We wanted other edibles in substitution for hard-tack and bacon.
It was agreed that Spratling, a fearless, gigantic young soldier, and I
should apply at a farm-house fifteen miles away, said to have a
well-stocked larder, to buy such provisions as were required. We had
learned that the farmer we proposed to visit was a peaceful Union
man, but were advised to be watchful. “He might betray us.” We
reached his pretty cottage late in the afternoon, and ate at his table,
<pb id="dupre19" n="19"/>
paying for the privilege. We were not his invited guests, and as such,
owed him nothing. Spratling said that this reflection, ever afterward,
gave him great satisfaction. The farmer and his wife agreed at table
that they would send a well-freighted market wagon next morning to
our camp. The wife was especially demonstrative, suggesting that we
might have a fire and occupy a small house a few rods away in a
corner of the yard. We expressed a proper sense of gratitude and
soon sought this resting place. We built a fire, talked cheerily half
an hour to our kindly host, spread blankets before the blazing faggots,
smoked our pipes, and then, bidding him good night, with repeated
assertions of gratitude, rested on the floor.</p>
        <p>But neither Spratling nor I slept. As soon as the sound of Mr.
McMath's footsteps was inaudible, Spratling whispered:</p>
        <p>“I mean to watch that old coon. I think he is playing falsely,
and if he seek to betray us, he won't find Spratling stupidly sleeping.”</p>
        <p>I concurred in this, and we covered the blazing faggots in the
fireplace with ashes. When the flames were extinct, Spratling and I,
lying on our faces, crept out of the hut. One stood as sentinel while
the other slept just outside the enclosure about the buildings. An
hour had hardly passed when Spratling, then on watch, saw McMath
issue from his doorway with his wife. She even followed him to the
stable, urging him to ride “hard and fast” to the bushwhackers' camp,
not more, as we learned afterward, than five miles away.</p>
        <p>We now knew what was coming. We discussed the propriety of
leaving; but Spratling insisted that he must await the issue.</p>
        <p>“I would never forgive myself,” he said, “if I fled without punishing
that old scoundrel's treason to pretended friendship and <sic corr="hospitality">hospitalty</sic>.
If he return alone, we will capture and send him south. If he come
with five or a dozen bushwhackers, we will stampede or seize their
horses, kill as many of the enemy as possible, and take refuge in the
creek bottom which we examined this afternoon.”</p>
        <p>Spratling and I had slept two hours each, when we heard the clatter
of coming hoofs. We counted the bushwhackers as they entered the
gate, near which they left their horses. The mistress of the cottage
met them at the door. She had been keeping watch, and would have
discovered our “change of base” if we had not crawled noiselessly,
lying on our faces, out of the cabin.</p>
        <p>It was nearly five o'clock in the morning when we could see that
some one of the eight persons in the house always watched the cabin
door. McMath's wife was now actively engaged going in and out of
the kitchen, and soon breakfast was spread. It is needless to suggest
that Spratling and I were not asked to share this early matutinal meal.
We saw the good, fat dame convey a significant brown jug, soon
eloquent, as through all the ages of the world's history, of devilish
deeds, into the hallway occupied by the six bushwhackers. They
drank. It was the last draught of alcohol that ever went hissing
down the throats of more than one of those terrible men, who thus
nerved themselves for bloody, murderous deeds.</p>
        <pb id="dupre20" n="20"/>
        <p>Spratling and I had gone to the rear of the house, nearer the woods,
and were at a point whence we could see distinctly every person in the
hallway. In this, as stated, the breakfast-table was spread. We were
now protected by the palings, shrubbery, and peavines in the
garden between us and the house. The sun had hardly lighted up
with earliest rays the tree-tops on the highest hills when the
bushwhackers, McMath watching the door of the cabin we had vacated,
sat about the breakfast-table. Their guns were ranged, leaning against
the wall, on either side of the broad, open hall.</p>
        <p>Our opportunity had come. We were about to avenge, in advance,
our own contemplated deaths.</p>
        <p>Three bushwhackers sat on either side of the table. We crawled
along the palings till we reached a point from which only two of the
enemy and Mrs. McMath, who sat at the head of the table with her
back towards us, were visible. Three men in the line of each of our
shots, we leveled our rifles. I gave the word “fire,” in a hoarse
whisper. I abhorred the necessity. A cold tremor ran along my
nerves. I shuddered.</p>
        <p>We would have repeated the shots, but feared that we might kill the
woman. Such were her screams when her guests fell dead or
wounded, that her more timid, treacherous husband was wholly helpless.
While he was wringing his hands and running from one fallen
friend to another and then to the relief of his suffering wife, we
crossed the enclosure, and selecting two of the best horses and
leading two each, rode away towards our encampment.</p>
        <p>We were not apprehensive of pursuit. McMath had asked and we
had spoken falsely as to the distance and direction of our camp and
knew that some hours must elapse before he could summon a force
that would dare to follow us. He supposed we had straggled from a
command only seven or eight miles distant, not less than five
hundred strong. While we apprehended little danger at the hands of the
bushwhackers, the facts would be noised abroad and we could not
remain in safety about Charleston. We congratulated ourselves on
the acquisition of just horses enough, fresh and strong, to mount my
footsore and weary men.</p>
        <p>We had ridden three or four miles before we began to talk of what
had happened and of what we had done. It was the first killing that
either Spratling or I had <sic>had</sic> ever perpetrated, except in an open field
and fair fight, and both confessed qualms of conscience.</p>
        <p>“How could we help it?” asked Spratling. “If we had not killed
them, they came armed to kill us. If we had fought them openly, we
would have fallen, and certainly by suicidal hands. To fight is to
kill, and this is our business, and there was no escaping the necessity
for methods we adopted. If our numbers had equalled theirs, we
should have resorted, and properly, to the same stratagems. General
Sherman is right. War means murder, desolation, destruction, and
death. We are warriors,” said Spratling. “We are murderers and
horse-thieves, I greatly fear,” was my earnest answer.</p>
        <pb id="dupre21" n="21"/>
        <p>Spratling confessed that he did not like it, that his conscience was
troubled, and that he was almost sorry, though we had six horses,
that he had not assented when I proposed to leave the bushwhacker's
place before his coadjutors came. Hurrying events and impending
dangers made us forget everything but the fact that our speedy
departure from Charleston was a matter of urgent necessity.</p>
        <p>We had already spent two days at Charleston on the Hiwassee
watching the process of rebuilding the railway bridge. Thence we
rode to Pikeville, in the valley between Walden's Ridge and the
Cumberland Mountains. Late in the afternoon we came to the
Tennessee River five miles below the little village, Decatur. A skiff,
or dug-out was soon discovered. But while a comrade and I had been
searching for such a means of crossing, others discovered a whiskey
distillery. They and their canteens, in the absence of the proprietor
of the gum-tree pipe through which the alcohol flowed, were soon
well filled. We crossed the river, concealed the dug-out in a thicket
for possible future use, and a mile farther west, near a country road
and the river shore, rested in a dense wood. Our sentinel stood near
the highway. Unhappily, his canteen was bursting with raw, corn
whiskey. He drank too deeply, and when a wagon with a dozen
country girls and boys occupying it came rattling over the stony
roadway, echoing songs and laughter burdening the cold night wind with
the delicious music of women's voices, our sentinel could not restrain
himself. He knew that the party of revellers came from a farm-house
we had passed during the day, and were celebrating a country wedding.
Brandishing his musket, he confronted the roysterers, demanding
instant surrender. The women were frightened beyond measure.
Their screams drew us to the spot. Our sentinel was holding the rein
of one of the horses attached to the vehicle, and insisting that
its occupants must come down and surrender. He brandished his
repeater, and when we appeared, the young men, seeing that resistance
would be worse than idle, descended from the wagon. They were
assured that no harm was intended, and that this intoxicated sentinel
and others like him need only be appeased.</p>
        <p>What a vision of beauty I beheld in the perfect face and form of
one of those mountain lassies! The luminous splendor of her great,
lustrous black eyes lighted up her pale, beautiful features, as I first
beheld her beneath the clear moonlight gilding hills and valleys, with
matchless radiance that fascinated me. Why, I could not tell, but
frightened as she was,  -  perhaps because I was only a year or two her
senior,  -  she ran to my side and seized the hand that clasped my rifle.
I looked into her pale, beautiful face, amazed and startled by her
charms. I had never imagined that a woman's figure, eyes, pleading
face, limitless confidence, and silent appeal for protection could be so
eloquent. The hot blood, when I pressed her hand, rushed to my
face. I said to her, “You shall not be harmed,” and then added,
with much hesitation, “Won't you tell me your name, and where do
you live?”</p>
        <pb id="dupre22" n="22"/>
        <p>“O, yes,” she answered, “my name is Mamie Hughes. I am here
visiting relatives. My home is on the other side of the Union army
in Georgia, and I can't get there now.”</p>
        <p>Here Mamie was suddenly silent. She suspected, I thought, that I
was a “rebel,” but was doubtful I was conscious that I could trust
her. Her wonderful face and eloquent eyes had won my confidence,
if not my heart, and I said to her, in a whisper, “I am a Southerner.
Say nothing. If you utter a word, we seven will be hanged as spies.”</p>
        <p>At this moment our boisterous, half-drunken sentinel was insisting
that the fiddler should organize cotillions and that we should dance
by moonlight. Thinking to humor the fancy of my intoxicated men
and let the merry-makers go in good humor, I said:</p>
        <p>“Yes; we will dance by moonlight, and these gentlemen here shall
drink with us and we will part friends, regretting that we frightened
these beautiful young ladies.”</p>
        <p>This apology exasperated the drunken sentinel, who drawled out,
“Friends! did you say, Captain? These people are d--d Yanks.”</p>
        <p>“The rest of them are, but I am not,” whispered Mamie, pressing
closely to my side.</p>
        <p>It was needless to attempt further concealment of our character or
purposes. I stated to the oldest of the East Tennesseeans that we
were Kentuckians on our way to join the Southern army and were
going out by way of Cleveland. I said further that our comrade was
only impelled by too much whiskey when he arrested them and that I
regretted the fact as did my associates.</p>
        <p>There was no response. The young men were sullen and silent and
Only the pretty Mamie beside me pressed my hand very gently.
Another girl, more fearless than the rest, said, laughing:</p>
        <p>“Oh! it makes no difference. Let us make a night of it and dance
with these soldiers. What a jolly story it will be to tell. We are
prisoners of war and can't help ourselves. Let us dance.”</p>
        <p>“Surely,” I answered, “no harm is intended, and I would gladly
have those gentlemen there join us. Such opportunities do not often
present themselves, and we soldiers must take advantage of them.”</p>
        <p>I whispered to Spratling, when the young East Tennesseeans made
no reply to my proposition, to see that neither of them left while
we danced. He stalked out, a very giant, into the roadway and
stood like a massive statue of granite, his presence a significant
menace.</p>
        <p>The fiddler, half-drunken, began his task. I led in the dance with
Mamie Hughes. She soon entered into the spirit animating us and
forgot that we were strangers. I was lapped in the joys of Elysium.
I forgot the lapse and value of time. I told in whispered, earnest
words the story of my love, and surely the pretty, blushing, silent
girl was not displeased.</p>
        <p>Spratling came at last, while I was looking into Mamie's fathomless
eyes and dreaming I knew not what, and said to me:</p>
        <p>“Captain, it is time we were off. This place won't be safe for us
<pb id="dupre23" n="23"/>
after daylight. These prisoners of mine are furious and most
impatient. They have been plotting our destruction. One of them there,
I am sure, loves madly that pretty black-eyed girl you have been
dancing with. He would murder you now if he dared. Our presence
here will be reported to Yankee scouts within an hour and we must
be off. Escape even now is hardly possible.”</p>
        <p>While the rest of Mamie's friends were clambering into the wagon
she told me where her parents lived. I said to her:</p>
        <p>“You must not forget me, Mamie. I will surely see you again.
You will not forget me will you?”</p>
        <p>“Come and see me,” she answered. “I will tell them at home how
good, and brave, and true you are.”</p>
        <p>She was in the act of clambering over the wagon wheel into the
body, where her friends were already seated, when I caught her arm
and whispered, as I raised her into the vehicle, a reassertion of my
deathless love. I detected a tremor passing over Mamie's frame.
She turned to look, as I lifted my cap, into my sunburnt face. The
wagon moved rapidly away.</p>
        <p>Kissing her hand she tossed the breath that passed her rosy lips, as
if it had been a sparkling gem dissolved in morning mists, towards the
spot where I stood entranced, motionless, and oblivious of everything
except the wondrous charms of the departing divinity.</p>
        <p>I don't know how long I might have stared in the direction Mamie
had gone if Spratling, the bravest and truest of men and scouts, had
not said:</p>
        <p>“Captain, it is time, if you don't propose to follow that pretty girl,
that we were getting out of this country. Within two hours a squad
of cavalry will be here looking for us.”</p>
        <p>Within ten minutes we resumed our march, but not in the direction
of the towns I mentioned to Mamie's friends. On the contrary, we
moved westwardly towards Walden's Ridge. We had not proceeded
five miles when we heard signal guns in many directions and the
sound of horns used for like purposes by the native Unionists or
bushwackers. We ascended the ridge to its summit. Day was dawning
when we looked down into the long, deep valley below. Signal fires
still blazed at different points, and a rocket, making lights of different
colors, climbed through the air far above the ridge and exploding
fifteen or twenty miles away, recited the story told at headquarters of
the Union army by Mamie's friends. It stated, “There are seven
spies within our lines.” In any event this was the translation we gave
to this sign in the heavens, as significant of capture and death as was
that of victory and empire which appeared to Constantine.</p>
        <p>Throughout the weary day, when we peered forth from our hiding
place, we could discover bodies of horsemen moving in the valley
below, in all directions, in search of the Confederates known to be
within the Federal lines. Using a powerful field glass we defined during
the day the route we were to pursue during the night that we might cross
the valley in safety between Walden's Ridge and Cumberland Mountains.</p>
        <pb id="dupre24" n="24"/>
        <p>We descended, with darkness, into the valley and moved rapidly
across it. We reached the mountain's summit before day dawned.
After this toilsome march, occupying the whole night, we were
without food, fatigued beyond measure, hungry as famished wolves,
and in the midst of relentless enemies. We had neither food, tobacco,
nor coffee.</p>
        <p>Our condition was becoming desperate. At two o'clock in the
afternoon we found in this sparsely populated district a modest little
log farm-house. Stationing my men about it to prevent the escape of
its inmates, I applied for food. The mistress of the cabin refused to
sell anything. There was no help for it. We entered the cabin, and
telling the good dame that we were starving and desperate and that
she must give us bread or her home would be destroyed, she sullenly
prepared dinner of the coarsest food. Two men, that we might not
be poisoned, watched the process of cooking it, and we ate ravenously.
The timid nominal head of the household begged his wife to give us
all we demanded, and soon intimated privately that he was a devout
“rebel.” We knew he was lying, but accepted his assertions as if we
deemed them true. We stated that we were of Morgan's cavalry, and
<hi rend="italics"><foreign lang="fr">en route</foreign></hi> to Kentucky to bring out recruits. We made minute
inquiries about roads leading north to McMinaville. He answered
truthfully, as we happened to know.</p>
        <p>Late in the afternoon, when about to depart, we almost made a
Rebel of his red-haired, hideously ugly wife by presenting her five
dollars in United States currency. She grinned so gleefully when
Spratling gave her the money, and drew so near to express her amazed
gratitude, that Spratling, dreading a kiss from the ignorant, vulgar,
frightful creature, leaped from the doorway. He told me he was
never “scared before in all his life.” She was very thin and her
back was bowed, as Spratling described her, like that of a “razor-back
hog.” Her frowzy, red hair, unkempt for twenty years, was powdered
with ashes. She wore two garments. The outer, made of four yards
of dingy gray calico, was tucked up at the waist, exposing her red,
rusty, sinewy limbs almost to the knees.</p>
        <p>She was offended by Spratling's sudden terror and retreat, and we
knew that this Medusa of the mountains, if possible, would avenge the
indignity. She began to denounce us. Her eloquence was absolutely
wonderful. Daniel O'Connell's traditional fish woman could never
have been more voluble or coarse than this frightful hungry-looking,
red-faced, red-headed, and red-mouthed angular creature. She
leaped violently around the great barrel-churn in the yard and
kicked at each of a dozen lazy, cowardly, yelping hounds that
lay about the great receptacle of sour milk. She made and sold
butter to Federal soldiers encamped in the valley, and in neighboring
villages.</p>
        <p>Spratling was noted for his tremendous strength. Like most
Physically powerful men, he was exceedingly good natured. But
it was wholly impossible to withstand shocks to one's temper
<pb id="dupre25" n="25"/>
administered by this voluble termagant. Spratling was first amazed,
and when she finally stood facing him, her arms akimbo and legs
extended as far apart as the contracted calico would admit, and
poured forth a volley of disgusting epithets, Spratling could no longer
contain himself.</p>
        <p>He suddenly seized the scrawny, bony creature, and inverting her,
high in the air, as suddenly thrust her, head foremost into the
barrel-churn half full of milk. The woman's stockingless legs were
twirled about piteously above the top of the churn. I was paralyzed for
a moment. The scene was painfully ludicrous. But the woman was
drowning. Convulsive movements of her red legs showed that she
was in a death struggle. Even the dozen dogs stood up and looked
on in mute astonishment. To spare the woman's life I suddenly
tipped the churn over. Her clothing was rudely displaced and as the
milk spread over the lower side of the little enclosure, and her head
and shoulders were uncovered, she crawled out backwards.</p>
        <p>Evidently those dogs had never witnessed such an exhibition. As
the good dame backed out of the barrel on all fours, the dogs stood
transfixed with astonishment, staring a moment at the unusual
spectacle, and then, howling piteously, each turned and fled in abject
terror. Convulsed with laughter, I ordered my men to fall into line
and march. Spratling was holding his sides and rolling over and
over on the ground. The mountain groaned beneath roars of laughter.</p>
        <p>It was horrible and cruel, but no incident half so ludicrous was
ever witnessed by a squad of veterans. The good dame's senses were
hardly restored when we began at last to move rapidly away. She
finally rubbed the grease out of her eyes and began to comprehend
the ridiculous aspect she had presented. She gathered up her
consciousness, and pulled down her petticoat and began to gesticulate
wildly, and pour forth an interminable vocabulary of coarse epithets.
She pursued us to curse poor Spratling who ran down the declivity
roaring like the bull of Bashan.</p>
        <p>We traveled rapidly perhaps five miles along the road we had been
directed to take leading to McMinaville. The moon had not risen
and total darkness enveloped us. Leaving the highway we entered
the woods going directly back towards the scene of buttermilk baptism.
We moved as silently as possible and had not reversed our course half
an hour till we heard the red-headed woman's sharp, clear voice
ringing out on the cold night air. She was urging a dozen bushwhackers
to keep pace with her in pursuit of “infernal pimps of hell
and Jeff Davis.” Her wild fury and shocking imprecations made us,
rude soldiers as we were, shudder. The winds stood still that they
might not bear on their weary wings the insufferable burden of her
horrible oaths. We were even sickened by the woman's mad depravity
and infernal fury. When the echoes of her harsh, sharp voice were
no longer audible, I said to Spratling: “Hell hath no fury like a
woman  -  baptised in buttermilk.” Spratling's suppressed laughter
shook the tree against which he rested his sturdy body, and we
<pb id="dupre26" n="26"/>
resumed our toilsome journey over shapeless stones and through
mountain thickets, never resting through that livelong, weary night.</p>
        <p>We marched by night and rested during daytime until we reached
Stevenson near the <sic corr="Tennessee">Tennnessee</sic> River on the Nashville, Chattanooga
and Memphis roads.</p>
      </div1>
      <pb id="dupre27" n="27"/>
      <div1 type="chapter">
        <head>CHAPTER III.</head>
        <argument>
          <p>A Narrow Escape.  -  A Very Cold Bath.  -  Gorgeous Scenery.  -  Colder
Still.  -  A Newspaper Man Spins a Yarn.  -  A Little Retrospection.</p>
        </argument>
        <p>A devoted rebel family at Stevenson furnished supplies while we
were encamped in a secluded spot near the village. We mixed
occasionally with passengers on railway trains, from Memphis and
from Nashville, meeting at this place. Spratling was a capital farmer,
and I, a plow-boy. We wore the rude “butternut” or homespun
goods of the country and only a pistol and knife, never visible. We
received northern newspapers from every quarter and carefully filed
away every paragraph that might be of value to Generals Bragg and
Johnston. Wounded and sick soldiers, in endless trains, now and
then moved northwardly, and interminable supply trains, day and
night, went south. We noted everything. From sick-leave officers
awaiting transportation, and from quartermasters' and commissaries'
agents we learned how many they fed or transported in many divisions
and corps. We made contracts to supply an Ohio brigade with eggs
and potatoes which were never executed, perhaps because “bread and
butter” brigades, and divisions, and corps, alone, came then, as now,
out of Ohio.</p>
        <p>Early on the morning of December 30, 1863, the good dame who
had furnished our simple meals came to our resting place to say that
a little child of a bushwhacking neighbor had said that the rebel camp
on the mountain-side would be attacked that night and its occupants
shot or hanged. I proffered the woman fifty dollars in greenbacks.
She refused to accept it; but when I said, “You are poor, and I am
paid by the government and given this money that I may give it to
such as you,” she said, “I did not know how I could live when you
went away, yet I came to urge your immediate departure. With this
fifty dollars and what I have saved I can feed and clothe myself and
children almost a year.” She kissed my hard, sunburnt hand, and
<pb id="dupre28" n="28"/>
with tearful eyes turned away. I never saw her afterward, but no
braver or truer woman lives than Mrs. M--y, of Stevenson.</p>
        <p>How bitterly cold were the last days of December, 1863, and the
First of January, 1864, surviving soldiers serving under Rosecranz, and
Sherman, and Johnston, and Bragg will never forget. Early in the
morning of the 30th of December we strapped our blankets on
our backs and with three days' rations traversed the distance
between Stevenson and Bridgeport. We reached the river just after
nightfall. Fiercely cold as were winds and waves there was no help
for it. We must cross. There was no security save in placing the
river between ourselves and the relentless bushwhackers. We could
find no boat, and the swollen river, divided in its midst by a long,
narrow island, was then, perhaps, two miles wide. It seemed, when
we looked out, wistfully and anxiously enough, that bitterly cold
night, upon its moaning, starlit waters, certainly ten miles in width.</p>
        <p>Of a wrecked boat on the shore we constructed a raft capable of
conveying our blankets, clothing and weapons. We swam beside it
down the river to the island. Almost frozen when we reached the
sandy bank, we lifted the raft out of the water, bore it across the
island, launched it again, and again drifting down and across the river,
landed safely, but paralyzed by cold, on the southern bank. Icicles
clung to my hair and beard. My teeth chattered and I felt that
numbness and drowsiness slowly overcoming me which immediately
precedes death. We rubbed, one another violently with blankets and
when thoroughly dry and re-clad in <sic corr="woolen">woollen</sic> I never enjoyed so keenly
the sense of perfect youthful vigor and vitality. I was aglow with
ecstatic physical blessedness. We soon ascended and followed the
ridge that connects Bridgeport with Lookout Mountain. We stood
upon the summit of the precipice that overhangs the railway and the
Tennessee. The railway track rests upon the verge of the stream and
enormous, rugged stones superimposed on one another like those
of some mediæval ruin rise precipitously hundreds of feet, and
are projected beyond the railway and overhang the water's edge. At
day-dawn we looked down from this dizzy height. A railway train
going to Chattanooga came roaring and shrieking from Bridgeport.
It seemed as we contemplated it, moving with tremendous velocity
Constantly accelerated into the river. We shuddered involuntarily
when it went down out of sight under the cliff, and seemingly
headlong into the broad, boisterous bosom of the Tennessee. Then
ensued the silence of death. Great, projecting stones cut off sounds
and vision, and the sudden stillness that pervaded mountains, valleys,
and river was painful to the last degree.</p>
        <p>With a wild shriek of seemingly ineffable delight the locomotive,
its great, black pennon of smoke curved backward, rushed from
cavernous depths below to greet from the hill-top it ascended, the
splendors of the sun just rising on the brightest and coldest morning
that ever dawned upon the South.</p>
        <p>In re-writing these memoranda I omitted a page to which I now
<pb id="dupre29" n="29"/>
recur. While we were at the railway bridge which Federal soldiers
were rebuilding across the Hiwassee River at Charleston we encountered
a gentleman who had been now and then in the Confederate States'
service as a staff officer, but for several preceding months editing a
paper at Knoxville. He was well known to us and <sic>and</sic> at his own
suggestion became, temporarily, one of our number. He withstood
hardships uncomplainingly and whiled away tedious hours of compulsory
idleness with stories he had gathered while war raged. His purpose
was to reach Atlanta, whither his newspaper, when Burnside, with
snowy locks, and side whiskers, and smooth towering occiput came
down upon Knoxville, had been removed. On the night of December 31,
1863, colder if possible than the preceding night, we climbed
the summit of Lookout Mountain. If the one hundred and fifty
thousand soldiers then within fifty miles of Chattanooga were reading
at the same instant, the above sentence, they would each whistle and
shudder, and perhaps one hundred thousand would exclaim, <hi rend="italics"><foreign lang="it">una voce</foreign></hi>,
clapping their sinewy hands, “It was --- cold!” It's a pity, but old
soldiers will use frightful exclamations. But none have forgotten the
terrors of the night which witnessed the death of 1863 and the birth
of 1864. Seven of us, with a blanket each, not daring to build a fire and
hungry as famished wolves, spent that fearful night on the topmost
summit of Lookout Mountain whereon some ancient fable tells that
Hooker fought a battle even among the clouds.</p>
        <p>In the starlight, while looking for a place protected against Northern
blasts, a shallow cavern was discovered. We gathered dry leaves and
made a resting place within. And yet such was the insufferable cold
that we could not sleep. We smoked our pipes and “spun yarns” through
the tedious hours of the weary night.</p>
        <p>“Gentlemen,” said Bowles, one of our number, “I have seen and
shared in several battles, and a big battle is only a rapidly alternating
succession of d----d big scares; but I never witnessed such an infernally
big scare as the red-headed milk-maid of the mountains inflicted on them
d----d dogs.”</p>
        <p>Then followed such shouts of laughter that I absolutely feared the
echoing peals would be borne by cold blustering winds down into
Federal headquarters just below in Chattanooga.</p>
        <p>“If the dogs have got back,” said Spratling, “and I'm going there
to see about it, I'll bet ten to one that every time she stoops, ‘she
stoops to conquer’ and them d----d dogs go flying and howling down
the deep jungles of Sequatchie Valley.”</p>
        <p>“I can never forget the scene,” interposed Blake. “When she stood
on her head in the churn, her little, starveling legs dancing an
inverted hornpipe, the picture was sublime in its very uniqueness.
But when the captain here overturned the churn and the dogs all
stood up and looked on with growing interest, licking their chops
and crying over much spilled milk, and then, when their attention
was gradually arrested by the old woman backing out of that churn
wholly uncovered and on all fours, it was entirely too much for the
<pb id="dupre30" n="30"/>
dogs. It was more than I could stand. I turned away only to see
and hear the dogs frightened, shrieking, and flying in all directions.”</p>
        <p>“Do you know,” continued Blake, “that the woman's husband
was delighted? He sneaked off. I saw him behind the chicken
house, throwing himself back and forth like a cross-cut saw, and
holding his sides with both hands, his cheeks swollen and his eyes
bursting from their sockets. It was keen enjoyment of fun struggling
against the terror in which he held his red-headed, dreadful wife. We
made a good rebel of him. Don't you remember that we heard not
a word from him when the wife led our pursuers so noisily and
vengefully on our track. We have won him, and if ever I go on
another expedition in that direction I would not hesitate to trust that
man. His gratitude to us is boundless, and his devotion will be admirable.”</p>
      </div1>
      <pb id="dupre31" n="31"/>
      <div1 type="chapter">
        <head>CHAPTER IV.</head>
        <argument>
          <p>The Newspaper Man Tells of His Escape from Burnside.  -  Compulsory
Sermonizing.  -  “Tristram Shandy.”  -  A Solemn and Terrible Indictment.  - 
The Good that Came of It.  -  Descent of the Mountain.  -  Hunger and Roast
Hog.  -  Plans for the Future.</p>
        </argument>
        <p>There was silence and an unavailing purpose to sleep when the
newspaper man said that he had told us how he escaped from
Knoxville, going out on one side of the then little city when General
Burnside entered on the other.</p>
        <p>“It was impossible to go directly south. The railway leading to
Chattanooga was held at every bridge and station by Federal pickets.
Therefore I went towards Nashville. I spent a day at Kingston, an
ancient town of twenty-five hundred inhabitants on Clinch River
at the base of the Cumberland Mountains. Thence I journeyed slowly
southeast, pretending to be a Kentuckian on my way to Chattanooga
where my brother was dying in the hospital.</p>
        <p>“I had, as a Whig and Unionist, traversed this district, and now from
the home of one friend I was directed to another. I traveled at
night, and was accompanied, on horseback or in a farm wagon, by
the political and partisan friend with whom I had spent the preceding
night. I was educated, before I entered the university and afterward
the law-school, at a theological college, and learned how to prepare
very acceptable sermons, perhaps for the reason that I could memorize
readily and recite <hi rend="italics "><foreign lang="la">ore rotundo</foreign></hi> what I had written. When I first
encountered you, and when Blake recognized me, I had been forced,
most unwillingly, to enact the role of chaplain and missionary sent
down from Cincinnati by the Young Men's Christian Association. Of
course I sought the acquaintance of the best people of the place, and
was at last forced to deliver, much against my will, two sermons while
traversing the country from Kingston to the Hiwassee at Charleston.
The last was pronounced, the day before we met, with infinite zeal
<pb id="dupre32" n="32"/>
and fervor. In my audience were many grim, but devout, Union
soldiers. On this occasion I delivered the sermon which you read in
Tristram Shandy. Of course I had amended, modernized, and localized
it. Those most familiar with Sterne would hardly have recognized the
pretty homily. I used this charming discourse because I had mastered
it perfectly and was sure I would go through with the day's work
never incurring a suspicion or exciting a doubt as to genuineness of
the character I assumed. If I had not played Beecher, on the 
most awkwardly. But I was no spy. I only sought to escape into
the Gulf States and was overjoyed when I recognized my learned
friend Blake here in the rude garb of an East Tennessee clodhopper
at Charleston.</p>
        <p>“So much by way of prelude to a recital of incidents of the previous
Sunday. There was a Methodist conference in session in the village
of Kingston. I had just reached the place, and, Sunday morning as
it was, found idlers about the tavern eyeing me suspiciously. When
any two persons saw me approaching they parted at once and each
went his way. The somewhat aged landlord was studiously polite and
reserved. Seeing many people coming into the village I learned that
the Methodist conference of the district was to sit and resolved, rather
than be captured by these bushwhackers and shot or sent a prisoner
of war beyond the Ohio, to become a Northern missionary. I took a
conspicuous seat in the church soon filled to overflowing.</p>
        <p>“Near me sat a bright-eyed, slender, sallow little preacher. He wore
a threadbare broadcloth coat of the Methodist regulation pattern.
There were constant nervous twitchings of the corners of his mouth
and laughing devils in his merry eyes. His name, as I learned afterward,
was Weaver, a famous practical joker as well as eloquent evangelist.
A song was sung. The venerable Bishop of the district occupied a
raised seat in front of the pulpit and bending in the presence
of God uttered a fervent prayer for peace and for the ‘restoration
of harmony and good government.’ Though there was nothing in the
prayer pronounced by the devout old man to offend a ‘rebel,’
he was evidently loyal to the ‘Stars and Stripes’ as were
nine-tenths of his hearers.</p>
        <p>“Silence, when the Bishop resumed his seat, pervaded the assembly.
At length a youthful, graceful preacher addressed as ‘Brother
Williams,’ evidently much excited, and pale and tremulous, rose in the
midst of the congregation, and, hesitating and stammering, said:</p>
        <p>“ ‘Brethren, Brother Jones and I came to town early this morning with
Brother Weaver.’</p>
        <p>“I turned and looked at Weaver. There were a thousand merry
devils lurking in his bright, mischievous eyes. The corners of his
mouth were drawn down and lips suddenly compressed. Seeing that
the eyes of the assembly were turned upon him, he modestly bowed
his head and sat in moody silence and perfect stillness gazing at his feet.</p>
        <p>“Brother Williams proceeded:</p>
        <pb id="dupre33" n="33"/>
        <p>“ ‘While we were crossing the main street of the town awhile ago,
brother Weaver, looking up at the windows of the hotel, remarked, in
very sad, solemn tones, to Brother Jones and myself, that the last
time that he slept in that hotel the landlord's wife occupied his
apartment. Of course I was startled, not to say shocked. Brother
Jones, too, was much excited, and both of us listened intently to
Brother Weaver's reply when I asked him if it were possible that I
heard aright. He answered, “Yes, my brethren, it is my duty to tell
the truth and whatever you may think, and whatever the consequences,
I must repeat that what I have stated is true. The last time I occupied
an apartment in that hotel the landlord's youthful wife was my companion.”</p>
        <p>“ ‘Brother Weaver's face, while this speech was uttered by him, was
expressive of profoundest melancholy.’</p>
        <p>“ ‘And I am persuaded,’ continued Brother Williams, ‘that he was
moved to make this painful confession because the face of the Lord
was never more patent in His goodness and heavenly benefactions than
when it shone upon us this morning in the gorgeous sunlight that
suddenly flooded plains, hills, and mountains. It rolled and fell like
a brilliant Niagara of jewels and gold from the summit of the
mountains yonder into this deep, beautiful valley. Clinch River, my
brethren, shone lustrously as burnished silver, and the very splendors
of the morning and pearly brightness and purity of skies overhanging
this matchless land of beauty and blessedness were eloquent of God's
goodness and suggestive of man's penitence. Brother Weaver, I am
sure, could not withstand the force of nature's persuasive eloquence;
and coming, as he was, to God's temple, he was moved to make this
painful confession of his heinous crime.</p>
        <p>“ ‘I appeal to Brother Jones, who accompanied us, to attest the
truthfulness of my statements.’</p>
        <p>“Williams sat down and Jones, an illiterate circuit-rider, rising,
slowly and timorously said:</p>
        <p>“ ‘Brethren, all that you have hearn is only too true,’ and his eyes
filling with tears, he used his handkerchief, and hesitating, stammering
and weeping, was at last enabled to drawl out in broken accents, ‘I
hope, my <sic corr="brethren">brethering</sic> you will deal <sic corr="leniently">leaniently</sic> with Brother Weaver.
The flesh you know is weak and Brother Weaver has repented. I
know he has because he has confessed.’</p>
        <p>“A torrent of tears swept down Jones' rugged features and with an
audible groan he dropped, like a dead man, on his seat, utterly
crushed by the weight of this unspeakable sorrow.</p>
        <p>“Profoundest silence reigned, broken by sobs and groans of
miserable and sympathetic Brother Jones. No assembly, christian or
heathen, was ever more profoundly shocked. Women of the
congregation, nervously excited, grew pale and haggard. The face of
the Bishop's venerated wife was of ashen hue. Weaver was the flower
of the flock of young preachers.</p>
        <p>“At last the Bishop rose and said:</p>
        <pb id="dupre34" n="34"/>
        <p>“ ‘Brethren, you have heard, with horror and dismay, statements
made by our two young brethren. I see Brother Weaver there, his
head bowed beneath the weight of shame and penitence. Will he
not speak? Has he nothing to say?’</p>
        <p>“The Bishop resumed his chair.</p>
        <p>“Slowly, most deliberately, and with an irrepressible twinkle in his
clear, bright eyes, Brother Weaver, drawing himself up by the back
of the seat before him, rose to confront the eager gaze of the excited
assembly. He stood some moments looking sorrowfully over the
throng gazing intently into his attractive, but saddened, solemn face.</p>
        <p>“ ‘Brethren,’ he said at last, ‘I did make the confession which my
friends heard and have accurately repeated; but it so happens that
when I occupied the room mentioned, with the landlord's wife, as
stated, I was the landlord, and the woman was my wife.’</p>
        <p>“The true state of the case was slowly comprehended by the duped
and stupefied multitude. The Bishop and his wife were first to
discover the immaculate innocence of the two circuit-riders, Williams
and Jones, and a broad smile spread over the kindly face of the godly
man. His fat wife began to laugh immoderately. The infection
spread, and when it had grown into a great roar the lantern-jawed,
solemn, weeping Jones sprang up in evident disgust and exclaimed:</p>
        <p>“ ‘Sold! awfully sold! Weren't we, Brother Williams?’</p>
        <p>“This outburst of the mortified Jones, who had wasted bitter tears
and sweetest sympathy upon Weaver, perfected the sudden revulsion
from profound sadness and solemnity to an apprehension of the
absurdity of the facts and their utter incompatibility with the
seriousness of the place, day, and occasion. The Bishop's fat wife
crammed her handkerchief into her mouth and the Bishop himself,
contemplating the vacant look of empty astonishment that overspread
Jones' heavy face, who seemed to ask himself, ‘How could I have been
such an arrant fool?’ was wholly overcome. He caught a glance from the
tearful eyes of his agonized wife and could contain himself no longer.
He threw his head backward, clapped his hands to his sides, and roared
with laughter. I never saw a religious assembly, on the Lord's day, in
such a deplorable, unseemly condition.</p>
        <p>“The incident served to divert attention from myself. I mixed
and talked and laughed with busy, garrulous men and women, and
each seemed to think the rest had known me always. The Bishop,
first mildly chiding Brother Weaver for the innocent fraud practised
upon two zealous circuit-riders, pronounced a sermon of singular
simplicity and marvellous incisiveness and force. The minds of his
auditors were diverted wholly from sinful rebels, and when I returned
in the afternoon to the hotel, having passed under the inspection of
the multitude, the venerable landlord greeted me most graciously and
called forth the good-looking wife that I might see, as he stated the
proposition, ‘how <sic corr="naturally">naterally</sic> even a preacher might go wrong in his
hotel.’ ”</p>
        <p>Artillery and cavalry bugles and drums at a thousand glowing camp
<pb id="dupre35" n="35"/>
fires blazing along the curves of Moccasin Bend and on the slopes of
mountain sides and down the deep valley of the Tennessee, were
sounding the reveille when the modest journalist concluded his recital.
When, some weeks later, it was written out, I had not learned how to
insert the words [“laughter,”] and [“great applause”] in brackets, as
since introduced by party leaders; otherwise these pages would show
how keenly the story, here imperfectly reproduced, was enjoyed by
cold, comfortless, and hungry scouts ensconced in a little cavern on
the summit of Lookout Mountain, on the ever memorable night of
December 31, 1863, the first anniversary of the battle of Stone River.</p>
        <p>The mountain was veneered with sheets of ice. We knew that few
were abroad on such a morning, that sentinels and pickets stood near
camp fires, and that scouting parties of the enemy sought shelter
within cabins of bushwhackers. Avoiding paths and roadways and
cabins we began to slide, rather than walk, down the mountain. In
a few hours we reached McLemore's Cove and thence, painfully
fatigued by sliding over the frozen ground sheeted in ice, we plodded
wearily along the ridge, known, I believe, as Taylor's. Night was
coming on. We had eaten nothing for twenty-four hours. Made
reckless by suffering, one of our number shot a hog. It was hastily
skinned, washed, sliced and roasted to a crisp, in thin strips,
by a roaring fire made to glow with the farmer's rails whose sustenance
we devoured. Without bread or salt, we ate ravenously. I have
since dined at the Fifth Avenue, at Morley's, the best <hi rend="italics">cafes</hi> of Paris,
Berlin, and Vienna, but never derived such exquisite pleasure from
food as when we half-frozen soldiers sat about the blazing rails, and
ate unsalted pork on the heights that look down upon Chattanooga.</p>
        <p>Two days later, moving at night, and concealed and resting in
Densest thickets during daytime, we rested at Tunnel Hill, where
General Pat Cleburne was encamped. He congratulated us in most
flattering terms on successes achieved, was pleased with the fullness and
accuracy of information given as to the numbers, purposes, and
positions of the enemy, and made me accompany him to General
Granbury's quarters. Here we spent most of the night while I recited,
as given in these pages, the story of our adventures. I gave, besides,
minute descriptions of the country and relative positions of the forces of
the enemy and the strength of each position defined in pencil sketches
I had made. That night it was determined by these two Confederate
leaders that a permanent body of scouts should be kept constantly
employed between the lines of the two armies. I was commended by
these officers to General Joseph E. Johnston and soon afterward given
charge of a body of scouts and entered upon the execution of hazardous
tasks incident to the position. I am glad to state that I never forfeited
the personal esteem and unlimited confidence of either of these three
great leaders; and that I, a boy not quite eighteen years of age, won
and retained under such an ordeal, the unfaltering friendship and
confidence of these accomplished gentlemen and soldiers, is the most
pleasing reflection incident to my conduct in life.</p>
      </div1>
      <pb id="dupre36" n="36"/>
      <div1 type="chapter">
        <head>CHAPTER V.</head>
        <argument>
          <p>Patrolling the “Neutral Ground.”  -  “Mountain Dew.”  -  A Ghastly
Spectacle.  -  The Tree of Death.  -  Bushwhackers and Great Fright.  - 
Successful Expedition.  -  Cowardice Punished.  -  Mamie
Hughes.  -  Day Dreams.  -  Southern Men and Women as affected by the
War.  -  Negro Slaves and Southern Women.  -  Southern Planters.  - 
Mamie's Home and Negro Slavery.</p>
        </argument>
        <p>After a few days rest, I was given charge of thirteen men and
assigned the task of arresting deserters and bushwhackers. We
established a rendezvous about midway between the two armies and between
Ringgold and La Fayette in Georgia. One man was made cook
and commissary, remaining always at our place of encampment, while
twelve men were constantly on duty. Six went out each morning,
three going east and three going west. When these came back, the
other six in turn explored the “neutral ground.” Seven men were
always ready to defend our stronghold, and the country about us was
perfectly patrolled. Within a week we captured and sent back eight
deserters to be tried and shot. Returning to camp late one afternoon
I was startled by a rapid fusillade in its direction. I was sure the
bushwhackers had attacked my little garrison and hurried to its relief.
Of course, anticipating an ambuscade, we moved, when within a mile
of the scene of conflict, very cautiously. But the firing was suddenly
silenced. We feared the worst  -  even that we would find our comrades
dead on the unnamed, unknown field of conflict, or hanging to
great trees hard-by. Just then there was an explosion as of a six-pounder
field-piece. Then the garrison shouted as if a great victory
were won and an enemy put to flight. We moved forward cautiously,
full of gravest apprehensions.</p>
        <p>There was a prisoner held in our camp, the meanest villain, and
murderer, and coward that ever slunk away from an open fight to do
assassin's work at night or by the roadside. It was my purpose to
send him that night, to be court-martialed and shot, to General
<pb id="dupre37" n="37"/>
Cleburne's head-quarters. He had recently waylaid and murdered, as
my men knew, two of the bravest soldiers.</p>
        <p>By some means, in my absence, the little garrison had been
supplied with “mountain dew,” that intoxicating beverage which,
while war ravaged the South, came trickling down, drop by drop, from
green logs upon sheds of poverty in deep glens, first to madden, and
then to lull jaded inmates to repose. While the scouts were half
drunken, this wretched murderer and deserter had attempted to
escape. He had been fired upon, and swooning unharmed, in pitiful
terror, was brought back to our resting place. His meanness and
cowardice exasperated the drunken soldiers. One of them climbed a
slender hickory tree, forty or fifty feet high, strong, tough, and
elastic as whalebone. The weight of the soldier's body barely bent
the top of the tree to the ground.</p>
        <p>At the moment I came in view of the spot, the bushwhacker,
attached by a cord about his neck to the tree-top, shot upward through
the air. His head was jerked away from his light, sinewy, little body.
The neck seemed, as the little villain sped upward and away through
the air, quite a yard long. He was instantly killed, the dead body
having been thrown by the slender, elastic tree more than one
hundred feet from the point at which it left the earth, describing a
semicircle above the tree-top. The hickory tree almost instantly
re-assumed its erect position, and when I stood in the midst of the
men, the dead body, almost motionless, swung down among the topmost
branches of this extraordinary gallows. The men, drunken as
they were when firing the fusillade of triumph and when they exploded
an old musket barrel half full of powder and driven downward in the
ground till only the touch-hole was exposed, stood sober and erect,
and stared upward in horror at the dead body of the wretched bushwhacker
dangling from the tree and swinging helplessly around its top.</p>
        <p>I asked no questions. None were needful. An ugly, brown jug
was overturned on a blanket. Its open mouth, from which whiskey
gurgled, in melancholy accents, recited every incident of the horrible
crime. Its breath was noisome as its deeds are always disgusting and
hideous. Drunken as were my guardsmen and incapable, I was
forced, by every consideration of safety, to find at once another
rendezvous. The explosion of the gun barrel invited spies and scouts
and bushwhackers from all directions, and assured of their speedy
arrival, our safety demanded instant flight.</p>
        <p>My whole force had been rapidly drawn together, and within
twenty minutes we began to move. Time was too valuable to devote
a half hour to the burial of the ghastly corpse in the tree-top. We
left it, a hideous spectacle, swaying restlessly to and fro as the winds
moved the body of the slender tree. Birds of prey, in unbroken,
untraveled forest solitudes, devoured it. There was no Rizpah to
defend it. Its bones, when stripped of flesh, were restive as before,
and still were dancing, when fierce, wintry winds bent the great forest
oaks, a ghastly dance of solitude, around the body of the tree of death.</p>
        <pb id="dupre38" n="38"/>
        <p>We moved to a point near La Fayette, a village in Walker County,
Georgia. There, one of my men learned from a country girl he often
visited, that the bushwhackers of the district would meet, in order to
effect an organization, the next Saturday night, at an old church in or
near McLemore's Cove several miles away. The girl was informed
that forty or fifty armed men would be present. We could only be
assured of the damsel's truthfulness by going into McLemore's Cove.
There was great hazard to be incurred. If assailed and overpowered
there was only one way of escape, and our force was too weak to
cope with that to be organized by the bushwhackers. We held a
council of war, and after due deliberation, condemned the proposed
expedition. Five of us persisting in the purpose to capture the
bushwhackers, finally arranged it that we would secure the co-operation
of a cavalry force at the nearest Confederate outpost, and make a vigorous
descent upon the country church. Fortune favored us. We had not
gone five miles in the direction of the proposed rendezvous before we
discovered a solitary horseman, who proved to be the very man we
wanted. He came upon us so suddenly, in an abrupt curve of the
densely wooded roadside, that he had no opportunity to escape.
Covered instantly by five muskets, he dismounted and surrendered
without a murmur. We agreed with the prisoner, who was quite fifty
years old, such was our eagerness to obtain information, if we found
his statements truthful, and if he would give us information we wanted
and no more wage war against the South, that we would release
him. He assented, and confirmed the story told by Ralph's sweetheart.
We found all his assertions correct, and the bargain then made
was afterwards faithfully executed. Two men, with this prisoner,
were sent to the nearest cavalry encampment. Fifty men were placed
at my disposal; the church, while the bushwhackers occupied it, was
completely invested; and its occupants, about fifty in number, were
captured without firing a gun. They never dreamed of the possible
presence, in that remote, inaccessible cove, of a strong body of
Confederate cavalry.</p>
        <p>Of course, we who participated in the hard march and toils and
dangers of this expedition into McLemore's Cove were not a little
irritated when, returning to camp, we found that our comrades had
done nothing in our absence. They had participated in many country
dances. They were telling of the beauty of many maidens, occupants
of many cottages and cabins everywhere within ten miles of the
village. They had forgotten our existence and inquired most carelessly
about the result of the fortunate expedition. We were
grievously offended, and proposed, at the earliest opportunity, to
punish their timidity and selfishness.</p>
        <p>A country dance was organized and appointed for that very evening.
We five who had shared in the expedition into McLemore's Cove
made no sign, but went quietly to the ball. We danced as vigorously
and joyously as the rest till perhaps eleven o'clock. Then, as
pre-arranged, three of the five mentioned went unnoticed to a point near
<pb id="dupre39" n="39"/>
the court-house, half a mile distant, and fired a volley of muskets and
pistols. Instantly the music was silenced and dancing suspended.
Each soldier hurriedly armed himself. No further demonstration of
enemies or friends occurring, two of my recusant scouts, blustering
monstrously and asserting much fearlessness, said they would go out
and discover the cause of the alarm. Accompanied by a fun-loving
Irishman, I followed, pursuing a street parallel with that taken by
these mock heroes. They went not farther than two hundred yards,
and stopped beneath the dense shadow of a great cedar tree. We fired
our muskets into the tree-top above their heads. Each thought the
other mortally wounded. Both cried out, “They are coming! They
are coming!” and fled precipitately. We fired our pistols to accelerate
their flight, and heighten the terror of their dismayed comrades.
They rushed into the hall among frightened women and unnerved
men, unnerved because dangers environing them were unseen and
unmeasured. Rapidly girls and beaux of the immediate vicinity ran
away to their homes, and there was such a stampede, as “when Belgium's
capital had gathered in her beauty and her chivalry.”</p>
        <p>My object was accomplished. The men who had refused to go
with us into McLemore's Cove were <sic corr="woefully">wofully</sic> frightened. This Capua
in Lombardy which had wrought such fatal paralysis of the soldierly
virtues and energies of my scouts, was divested of attractiveness, and
next morning, rising before the sun, my men were ready for the
execution of any task of toil or feat of daring. I explained the
incidents of the night before and stated that soldiers were made
worthless by whiskey, dancing, and women, and that, if reform were
impossible, I would send them back to the ditches and have others, in
their stead, detailed for this free and exciting service.</p>
        <p>I should not forget to state that the honest bushwhacker we captured
won my confidence to such an extent that I told him how
completely my heart had been entrapped by the charms and wiles and
graces of pretty, confiding, frank, and fearless Mamie Hughes. To
him I entrusted my first letter to Mamie. I retained no copy, but
remember that I suggested that she should take advantage of the
bushwhacker's thorough knowledge of the country and of his
trustworthiness, and accompany him to her own home below Dalton. I
confessed to the bushwhacker how thoroughly I was devoted to the
charming girl, and promised, if he would conduct her safely to her
own home below our lines, I would do him any personal service he
might require. I am not sure that my judgment approved the
arrangement I made for a meeting with Mamie. If I had loved her
less, I would never have proposed her subjection to the dangers and
fatigues of such a journey even with such a guardsman. But I had
never ceased to think and dream of Mamie's great, lustrous, black
eyes and of that limitless confidence I read in them when she looked
upon my face and held my hand by the moonlit roadside where the
compulsory dance occurred on the cold, bleak hillside not far below
the village of Charleston. Every day some soldier, noticing my
<pb id="dupre40" n="40"/>
abstracted manner, said that Mamie Hughes had wrought a marvelous
transformation of my conduct and character. When relieved of duties
and anxieties incident to my position and to dangers almost always
environing us, I stood aloof from my men, no longer participating in
their rude sports or occupying a place at some improvised card-table.
I was dreaming of Mamie Hughes, and sought solitude, that undisturbed,
fancy might reproduce her matchless charms. She had promised
never to forget and meet me at her home. From the day
on which I transmitted the letter telling her to come, that I must see
her again, that I loved her passionately, that I had never been able to
dismiss the splendid vision wrought by her presence or repress aspirations
excited by the hope that she would love me  -  from that day I
had been a changed man. I was conscious that I had entered upon a
new life. I had found one to share it who had already become an
inseparable part of my existence.</p>
        <p>Wedded life, if marriage be unity, begins before we go to the altar
and before the priest utters his meaningless jargon. This is only a
ceremony; the fact is accomplished and real wedded oneness begins
beneath the moon and stars, as when, on the roadside, Mamie and I
met and parted so suddenly that her face and form constituted an
imperfect memory, while their effect upon my conduct and emotions
wrought such a change in my character and habits that my associates
knew that we “twain were one flesh.” They had seen how I was dazed
by the wonderful fascinations of the little sprite that sprang,
a brilliant, startling vision from dreamland, in the midst of the
mountains of East Tennessee.</p>
        <p>From many sources I had learned the history of Mamie's family.
Her brother was a Union soldier serving under Colonel Cliff. Her
father, a life-long Whig, was a devout loyalist or Union man, while
she and her mother were enthusiastic rebels. It is a strange fact,
soon discovered in traversing these mountainous districts of several
coterminous States, that while men were commonly “loyal,” women,
more impulsive and sympathetic, and apt to serve the weak against
the strong, were ardent “rebels.” Political and partisan considerations
involved were never valued by Mamie Hughes. She was born
rich and a slaveholder, but never dreamed of the pending conflict as
a struggle to maintain or extirpate slavery. She was not of those who
went to war because the Union would not suffer southern masters to
convey negros in the abstract to an impossible place  -  Kansas. She
would not have given one drop of the blood of those dear to her for the
freedom or slavery of all Africans in the South. Fighting was
begun, and womanly sympathy impelled Mamie to espouse the cause
of the weak and of those she knew and loved. Her father, recognizing,
as the daughter and wife did not, ties of partisanship, and
listening, as was his wont, to the sturdy, practical, simple eloquence
of Andrew Johnson and reading the <hi rend="italics">National Intelligencer</hi>, a Whig
and conservative newspaper that once entered the home of almost
every slaveholder, was an unfaltering, earnest Unionist.</p>
        <pb id="dupre41" n="41"/>
        <p>I had observed differences between northern and southern women
produced by the institution of slavery. If the northern dame were
self-reliant, she was also cold, selfish and practical. If southern
women were physically helpless, and unused to toil, and knew not
how to serve themselves, they were also wholly ignorant of the
depravity, as well as selfishness, of men. The hybrid race stood
between the maiden of wealth and social vices of which she never
dreamed. Chivalry honored and respected virtue because there
was no necessity, as society was arranged, for assaults upon its
strongholds. But beyond this, the co-existence of two races, the one
enslaved and by no means faultless, imbued free-born damsels with a
degree of self-respect, and pride of person and race which repelled
every approach of degradation and dishonor. Selfish interest concurred
with and heightened and ennobled the tenderest sensibilities and
truest sympathies of southern women. It was their province to
minister to the sick, to clothe the naked, and feed the hungry. Their
reward was two-fold: in dollars that glittered in greasy, healthful,
shining African faces, and in that higher, holier pleasure derived from
the consciousness of doing good, in ministering to the delights of
others, and relieving woes of the helpless, dependent and unfortunate.
Slavery, therefore, produced the noblest women possible, and I loved
Mamie Hughes none the less that she was an hereditary slave-owner.
Infinite and numberless as were evils incident to the “peculiar
institution,” it begat a class of men and women, and a state of society,
in many of its aspects, as admirable and delightful as that is degraded
and brutal in numerous localities has supplanted African servitude
and white mastery. Planters were petty kings, wielding powers almost
of life and death. The master's slightest nod was the iron law of the
realm. None of God's creatures are so good and great that they
are worthy of such autocratic power, and few so ignorant and
depraved that they should be subjected to this despotic authority; the
right of masters was no more divine than is that of kings. Mamie's
father, like my own, reigned unrestrained despot over five hundred
human beings, and such a father hardly tolerated the unconquerable
fidelity of the mother and daughter to the “treasonable Confederacy.”
That both might entertain changed or modified opinions,
they were separated, and Mamie was sent into East Tennessee to spend
a few months with her “loyal” cousins. There I had met her, as
already stated, and there I was hopelessly enchained, a helpless victim
of the simple wiles and native charms of pretty Mamie Hughes.</p>
        <p>Before the deluge of woes, war, poverty, vice, and crime swept over
and annihilated it, the hospitality of the “Old South” was traditional
as it was matchless. In fact, monumental virtues, as well as vices,
were sturdy outgrowths of negro servitude. These were expanded and
flourished, until (in its social aspects, as seen from without and as
presented in the every-day life of southern households) strangers
deemed it paradisical. The characters of the planter and of members
of his family were shaped by peculiar influences wrought by peculiar
<pb id="dupre42" n="42"/>
relations of master and slave, and by consequent peculiar modes of
life. He trafficked and traded with nobody. He only gave. His
cotton or sugar or rice factor, in the nearest commercial mart, sold
his crops and bought his annual home, and plantation, and household
supplies. His overseers commonly bought mules, and horses, and
bacon, and the planter only rode over his estates, and watched the
growth of crops, and determined questions of right and wrong arising
among “his people” on his broad estates. Humanity was profitable,
and hospitality, where farms and gardens and orchards produced
everything that hospitality consumed, cost nothing. Planters were
even willing to pay for agreeable society. Therefore, their residences
were hotels where no bills were presented. They had dogs, and
horses, and guns, and wines, and dinners to attract those whose
society they courted. Having no business or trade relations with
their neighbors, they had no quarrels or law suits, and thus the loftiest
and most admirable personal virtues were cultivated and exercised,
and worthy men, as well as admirable and haughty women, sprang
from the centuries of African servitude.</p>
        <p>Mamie Hughes was thoroughly imbued with the feelings, and
instincts, and ineradicable pride of race that <sic corr="distinguished">distinguised</sic> the best and
truest and haughtiest of her sex. She had been blest, and injured in
nothing, by influences exerted by negro subordination to the white
race. Rich, never having known a want ungratified, she was self-willed
and arrogant. Accustomed to the exaction of obedience, she
expected limitless concessions to her demands. The time was coming
when Mamie must adapt herself to conditions of life wholly subverted.
She was anticipating it and schooling her proud spirit even then, that
she might defy poverty and cheerfully accept its griefs. The tide of
desolating war had already swept over the homes of her kindred in
East Tennessee. There she had led the way in executing each
arduous household task suddenly imposed by hard necessities of the
period upon her aunts and cousins. She encountered every stroke of
poverty with seeming indifference. She toiled steadily, intelligently,
and skillfully, and such was her patient, smiling heroism, that
misfortunes became sources of pleasure, because of the delight involved
in retrieving them.</p>
        <p>And Mamie Hughes was a true representative of her class. The
richest, and proudest, and noblest of the South when poverty came,
were never heard to utter a lament. There were no Jeremiads
in which were inserted tedious parenthetical descriptions of gorgeous
splendors and fabulous wealth in the midst of which she had moved
and reigned in unrestricted authority. Mamie, as subsequent pages
may tell, was true to herself, to her class, and to the nobility of her
race. She was fearless and confident, encountering calamities and
triumphing over poverty with a determination and steadiness of
purpose that exacted every concession of gratitude and love which
intelligence and truth always award to the loftiest heroism.</p>
        <p>Besides a sugar plantation in Louisiana, Mamie's father owned rice
<pb id="dupre43" n="43"/>
fields in South Carolina; but his preferred home was in the broad,
rich valley, in --- County, Georgia, fifty-eight miles from
Atlanta. Here Mamie's mother, and grandmother, and great
grandmother, were born, and here her fathers had tilled the soil, and
gathered wealth, and owned countless slaves, through many
generations. Great old oaks, and walnut trees, and Lombardy poplars
had been planted one hundred years before in long lines leading through
the enclosed forest to the rambling, irregular cluster of apartments,
passages, dining, dancing and music halls, and library, and bed-
chambers that constituted the ancestral home of Mamie Hughes.
How I happened to go thither, and what vicissitudes of fortune befell
Mamie, her brother, and myself, will appear hereafter.</p>
      </div1>
      <pb id="dupre44" n="44"/>
      <div1 type="chapter">
        <head>CHAPTER VI.</head>
        <argument>
          <p>The Fascinating Deserter and Gay Widow.  -  An Accommodating Negro.  -  The 
Capture.  -  Unearthing a Deserter.  -  “Ef this 'ere Umbaril would
shoot.”  -  A Corruptible Juvenile.  -  A Woman who loved Whiskey, and
how it mollified Her.</p>
        </argument>
        <p>We had been pursuing the usual routine of scouts' duties several
days near La Fayette, capturing deserters and bushwhackers, and
incurring at all times unseen and unmeasured dangers, when we
learned, through a woman, of course, that a lieutenant of a Georgia
regiment, Longstreet's Corps, who had escaped as a deserter from our
lines, was harbored by his cousin, so-called, a gay and charming young
widow of the town. We were eager to capture the young gentleman.
Our fair informant, moved by jealousy, said that he had concealed
himself in the forest while we were in La Fayette, but returned when
we left the place. I went about the streets everywhere stating that we
would move south, into our own lines, the next day. With my whole
force, and with baggage packed and rations prepared for a long march,
we moved out of the place. Five miles away we entered a thicket,
remaining there till midnight. Then, with four men I retraced my
steps and reached the widow's house in the suburbs about one o'clock.
In the darkness I stationed my men about the house, supposing that the
gay Lothario, hearing of our departure, would return before day-dawn
to his accustomed and most comfortable quarters. We were only
mistaken in the date of events. We rested, watching intently, but in
vain, for the Lieutenant's approach, till streaks of gray light danced
and flashed and disappeared, and then marked the verge of the
eastern sky. Then it occurred to me that our intended prize might
have entered the house almost as soon as we left the place.</p>
        <p>Just then a drowsy negro appeared. He came out of his cabin
hard-by, slowly yawning, and stretching himself, and rubbing his
eyes, to the wood pile behind which I was seated. He was muttering
<pb id="dupre45" n="45"/>
to himself and cursing the cold weather and “Massa Jones” who had
ordered him to kindle fires in the “white folks' house.” Silently,
and unseen, in the gray mists of early dawn, I leveled my musket.
The sleepy negro's nose struck the cold barrel.</p>
        <p>“Golly! What's dat?” he exclaimed, starting back, and throwing up
his hands.</p>
        <p>“Be silent, you black rascal, or I'll blow away the top of your
head,” was my low response.</p>
        <p>Cuffee was now wide awake. His greasy eyes glistened in the pale,
thin fog. I said to him that if he obeyed me he should not be
harmed. To steady his nerves and confidence I gave him a silver
half dollar. He had not seen one since 1860. He grinned when
rubbing and looking at it, and then an awfully black pall of gloom
settled instantly and fell over his sooty face when he <sic corr="contemplated">contemplaced</sic>
the lowered musket, still pointed at him.</p>
        <p>“Cuffee,” I said.</p>
        <p>He started, thrusting the half dollar into his breeches pocket.</p>
        <p>“Cuffee,” I continued, “I want that Lieutenant who is staying in
your mistress' house.”</p>
        <p>A broad grin slowly spread over and illuminated Cuffee's
portentously black physiognomy. He was silent a moment, and then said:</p>
        <p>“Go an' cotch him, masse. He's in dar.”</p>
        <p>“Yes,” I responded, “I know that, but he is armed and desperate,
and if I open the door he will shoot. You must open it. He knows
your voice and will come unarmed to admit you with your load of
wood. When he opens the door my musket will make him stand
harmless and helpless.”</p>
        <p>“You is gwine to tuck him wid ye, is ye? An' he aint comin' back
enny mo?” Cuffee asked, with a look of anxious inquiry.</p>
        <p>I answered him that the deserter would be seen no more in La
Fayette.</p>
        <p>“All right, masse. Mistis nestils to him moas too much enny how
and Cuffee doesn't want any white boss on dis place.”</p>
        <p>He piled up the wood on his shoulder and moved to the house.
He leaned forward and the wood struck the door. He had hardly
asked the Lieutenant to open it when the young gentleman appeared
in his night clothes. The click of the lock and gleam of the bright
gun barrel almost touching his face, paralyzed him. “Walk out,” I
said. “Cuffee, bring out the gentleman's clothes, and don't forget
his pistols and other property. He must go with us, and we have no
time to lose. When the sun rises, the bushwhackers, knowing we
have left, will take the town.”</p>
        <p>Pale and trembling, his lips white and eyes starting from their
sockets, the young man read his final doom in the facts before him.
It was not my musket that frightened him. He saw the gallows just
behind me. His knees shook, teeth chattered, his face was of ashen hue.</p>
        <p>“Come out,” I said. Holding the door-facing, and moving
helplessly, he advanced, as I stepped backward. I whistled. My
<pb id="dupre46" n="46"/>
comrades came instantly. Cuffee assisted the deserter in dressing
himself, and we were moving away when the vigorous widow, by some
means became advised of what was occurring.</p>
        <p>She leaped out of the house in her night clothes, and alternately
weeping and railing at us, demanded the release of her “husband.”
She sought to pass me and reach the two men between whom her
lover was rapidly moving away.</p>
        <p>I caught her arm and asked if she had “reflected what disgrace she
was bringing upon her name by this public betrayal of relations
subsisting between herself and that deserter? The neighbors are
awake. See the lights in that cottage, and how fires blaze this cold,
bright morning on many hearths, and yet here you are in your gown
howling after that deserter. Your child will be dishonored!”</p>
        <p>The woman stopped. She covered her ears with her hands and
stared fixedly and wonderingly in my face.</p>
        <p>“Go back,” I exclaimed, and thrusting her hand violently from
me, I left her mute and motionless. I had not gone very far, when,
looking back, the hapless widow had disappeared. I never saw her
afterwards, and am sorry to tell her, even now, since every wanderer
in Northern Georgia will read this book, that her lieutenant was
sent under guard to his command which had been transferred to
Virginia, and there he was tried, convicted, and shot for desertion.
For obvious reasons I have not given his name, once honored everywhere
in the South, or that of the fascinating dame who surely loved
him very tenderly.</p>
        <p>We moved leisurely toward Ringgold. We had heard from a
<sic corr="farmer's">farmers's</sic> good wife, from whom we bought eggs for breakfast, that
there was a deserter, as she believed, secreted at a designated
neighbor's house. We were then about nine miles from La Fayette. She
said that the mistress of the place had a child not more than ten or
fifteen days old, and that half a dozen women were always there to
serve up the gossip of the country for the delectation of the poor
mother, still bed-ridden.</p>
        <p>“It will happen, therefore, said the good dame, that if you search
the loft and inspect the out-houses, you will be beset by the most
frightful scolds that ever assailed a soldier. The women that meet
there are unlettered wives or daughters of bushwhackers and one or
two men would not be safe in attempting to discover the hiding place
of a  deserter from the southern army.</p>
        <p>Very unwillingly did the two females who met us at the doorway,
admit us into the house designated. My force was now reduced to six
men and our appearance was not very imposing. But when the
women saw that we were armed and resolute, we were told by a
thin-visaged, long-nosed, angular creature to “search and be derned!”
She shook at us an old cotton umbrella and said: “Ef this 'ere
umbaril would shoot I'd kill the last derned one of ye! I thot you
was a lot of Jeff Davis' sneaks and spies to cum pokin' about under
people's beds and things!”</p>
        <pb id="dupre47" n="47"/>
        <p>Here a meek-looking, tearful woman nudged the fierce declaimer
with her elbow. I observed the movement and accepted the suggestion
in reference to the beds. But the violent old harridan talked and
raved only the more violently and volubly until she finally broke
down giving way to floods of grief pumped up by impotent rage.</p>
        <p>We peered into every nook and corner of the house, and looked
under every bed and finally went away, still believing that a deserter
lurked about the place. But we abandoned the search and concluded
at last the bird had flown. We loitered for a time at the spring under
the hill near the house. A barefoot boy, a cunning little rascal,
twelve or thirteen years old, was throwing pebbles into the spring. I
soon discovered that he knew what were our purposes, and where the
deserter was concealed. I offered the urchin a silver half dollar to
tell. He yielded at last, unable to withstand a bribe involving the
instant delivery of a box of percussion caps. He told me to raise the
planks under his sick mother's bed and I would find there a man
whom he “didn't love.” He said this fellow “had bin thar more'n
a year, off and on, and my own dad, he's bin a soldiering sumwhar in
Virginney,” he believed.</p>
        <p>The boy asked what we proposed to “do with Mr. Jobson.” I asked
why he wished to know.</p>
        <p>“Oh! nuffin much,” said the youth, “he aint my dad and I'm jest tired
of folks axin' me ef he aint.”</p>
        <p>We returned to the house, encountering at the entrance a fiercer
volley of imprecations than before. Even the silent, weeping dame,
whose pitiful face and heart-rending sighs had excited our compassion,
was now voluble and defiant.</p>
        <p>“Here's six pore lone wimmin right 'ere in this 'ere naberhood an'
nary a man to take care of us, and look arter us, but one, and you
mean Jeff Davisites want to take him away.”</p>
        <p>She broke down completely, dissolving in a flood of tears, and
fell weeping beside Spratling, who, with a cocked pistol in his hand,
disappeared under the sick woman's bed. She screamed, the baby
shrieked, the women all crying out, danced hysterically about the
apartment.</p>
        <p>Spratling lifted a plank from the floor and ordered the “d-d
ground hog,” as he pronounced him, to “crawl out.” The cocked pistol
nudged him under his ribs. He begged Spratling not to shoot, and
came forth submissively enough. I had obtained a pair of handcuffs
in the jail at La Fayette. Persuaded by Spratling's repeater, the
deserter, Jobson, dropped his wrists into the iron bands. I locked
them and turning to the petrified, horror-struck virago who had
abused me so mercilessly, I said most harshly:</p>
        <p>“Hold up your hands! you, too, shall be hanged for harboring
deserters.”</p>
        <p>Her courage gave way. She gasped for breath, grew pale as a
corpse and fell backward, her head striking the floor heavily.</p>
        <p>The excitement had been too much for her. I was alarmed. It
<pb id="dupre48" n="48"/>
never had occurred to me that I would kill a woman. Of men slain
in an open field and fair fight, or to save my own life when assailed
by ambushed enemies, I never recked a moment, but when this
ungainly, obstreperous woman fell, I confess I shuddered, and simply
because of the sex of the dead. I dashed a bucket of water in her
face and when at length she gasped for breath, I thrust a canteen of
whiskey down her throat.</p>
        <p>It is a solemn fact, incredible as it may seem, and three of my
comrades of that day, still living, will attest this statement, that when
the fiery liquor began to gurgle, as it trickled and leaped along the
rough-ribbed channel of her elongated œsophagus and finally lighted
blazing camp fires beneath her diaphragm, she sighed and opened
her eyes. Then she looked up into my face very tenderly, and
smiled, oh! so lovingly! The fiery draught was</p>
        <lg type="verse">
          <l>“Sweet as the desert fountain's wave</l>
          <l>To lips just cooled in time to save.”</l>
        </lg>
        <p>I rose up exasperated and wished at the moment that death might
seize, and the devil fly away with the grateful, whiskey-loving
creature. I jerked the canteen from beneath her toothless gums.
Her lips collapsed and struck one another as did the sides of the
empty Confederacy not very long afterwards. The secret of womanly
devotion to the ungainly, cowardly Jobson was disclosed. He was a
distiller of “pine top” or “gum log” whiskey in a cavernous valley,
and a canteen would have been more effective than a repeater in
discovering his hiding place.</p>
        <p>Mr. Jobson fettered, I ordered my men to march.</p>
        <p>After the annoyances and excitement of the day there was a radiant
serenity of light crowning the hills, and glowing at sunset about more
distant mountains, that throbbed in its intensity. It was divinely
restful, like the passion and peace of love when it has all to adore and
nothing to desire. The splendor and beauty of mountains crowned
by the glories of the setting sun and contemplated through this
transparent atmosphere were matchless. There was a gleam of divine
glory in aspects of nature about me and I basked in the sweet
invigorating air that was like a breath of Paradise.</p>
        <p>Ten days later Jobson was tried, convicted, and shot as a deserter.</p>
      </div1>
      <pb id="dupre49" n="49"/>
      <div1 type="chapter">
        <head>CHAPTER VII.</head>
        <argument>
          <p>Soldierly Courage.  -  Another Deserter.  -  A Mountain Beauty.  -  A
Dying Soldier.  -  “He took up his Bed and Walked.”- - Spratling falls
in Love.  -  Ash-Cakes.  -Ellison Escapes.</p>
        </argument>
        <p>When my brigade was going into action at Chattanooga, September,
1863, Tom Ellison, a private from Coffeeville, Texas, grew very
sick. Weak nerves caused his fall. He was simply paralyzed and
helpless from insane terror. I have seen brave men, so esteemed at
home, and because of courage illustrated in deadly personal conflicts,
shrink into absolute helplessness when first moving under fire and
advancing upon serried ranks of armed battalions. Again I have seen
those bravest in battle, and then utterly oblivious of themselves, who
shrank timidly from a personal rencontre. Fear is an unaccountable
passion, and I am persuaded, after no little experience in fighting, as
a scout, as a veteran, and as a private citizen, that courage is
commonly the fear of being thought a coward. Few are wholly devoid,
like General Forrest, of the passion of fear, and the bravest are
sometimes hopelessly victimized, when they least expect it, by absurd
terror.</p>
        <p>But this man Ellison, in the presence of danger so imposing and
sublime that most soldiers, in its face, absolutely forget their own
identity, becoming wholly reckless, shrank down in his place in the
line of battle, and no force or danger or sense of shame could drive
him forward. Afterward, and from that day, he was dangerously sick.
Doctors said his nervous system was wholly shattered by terror.</p>
        <p>When our army retreated from Missionary Ridge, in November,
1863, Ellison was left sick within the Federal lines. His comrades
said he had taken the “iron-clad” oath of fidelity to the Union, gone
north, and died. But soon after we had captured Jobson, a country
dame informed us that a deserter was sojourning at a neighbor's house
<pb id="dupre50" n="50"/>
hard by Jobson's den. We were especially anxious to capture this
faithless Confederate, because, assured of encountering and mortally
offending one or more of the horrible women who sought so earnestly
to prevent the extraction of Jobson from his subterranean hiding place.
But greater became our anxiety to secure the deserter when informed
that he was a Texan. Our brigade was from that commonwealth and
felt itself disgraced that a citizen of Texas proved false to the cause
we had espoused.</p>
        <p>We surrounded the house designated by our informant before day-dawn,
that none who slept within might leave without our assent.
At sunrise I knocked at the door. Heavy footsteps of my men and
Clanking of our arms at once extorted groans from the sick man. I
did not, of course, know who he was and only that he pretended to be
suffering fearfully, and yet had walked during the week, to Chattanooga
and back, quite forty miles, in a single day. I knew these to be
absolute facts and am sure that he would have deemed me a heartless
wretch if he had beheld significant smiles overspreading mine and
Spratling's faces when we heard his heart-rending groans and pitiful
cries for relief.</p>
        <p>Sure enough, when a pretty girl admitted us, she asked us to step
lightly, saying, “There's a very sick man within. Any noise distresses
him. He is very sick and nervously sensitive. Step lightly. I am
not sure he will be glad to see you. He is from Texas and must be
true to the South.”</p>
        <p>The bright-eyed, cunning woman smiled, bent her knees, her body
went down about four inches, her head was projected slightly, and
she pulled gently upward at each side of her homespun, striped
dress-skirt. Such was her salutation, as she stepped lightly backward,
inviting us to enter. The details show that a veritable queen of fashion,
among <hi rend="italics"><foreign lang="el">hoi aristoi</foreign></hi>, could hardly have greeted us in a more approved
manner. Then, too, she smiled as blandly and naturally and
graciously as if she were even delighted because of our coming.</p>
        <p>What social triumphs this cunning, pretty creature, whose form was
perfect as her face was fair, features regular, and eyes brilliant, might
have achieved if she had not been born and reared in comparative
poverty among the mountains and sand-hills and pine-covered straw
fields of Northern Georgia.</p>
        <p>I could not help discovering in the fascinations of the laughing,
youthful, and beautiful woman very potent apologies for the unearthly
groans and execrations that proceeded from the apartment of the
dying(?) soldier. I whispered to Spratling:</p>
        <p>“No wonder he is dying. A true soldier could afford to die for a
woman like that. I don't blame the fellow, even though he be a
Texan, for desertion.”</p>
        <p>“I don't see how he could well help it,” was Spratling's generous
response, and Spratling still stared vacantly at the doorway within
which the pretty sprite had disappeared.</p>
        <p>Evidently the great, rude soldier was the victim of the winning,
<pb id="dupre51" n="51"/>
merry eyes and sunny smiles of the meteor-like vision of beauty that
flashed so suddenly across his pathway.</p>
        <p>What was our amazement on entering the sick-room to behold the
familiar face of our late “dead” comrade, Ellison. He, too, was
startled. He drew his hand across his eyes. He rose up in bed.
He shrank back abashed. A death-like pallor overspread his face.
He had evidently been dreaming of scenes in which the chief actor
sits on his coffin while a dozen soldiers, half of them using muskets
charged with blank cartridges, that no one of them may know who
does murder, fire upon the deserter. Such executions are very frequent
in civil wars. There were northern men in southern, and Southerners
by birth in northern armies. To desert a cause which it cost so much to
uphold, and abandon an undertaking which seemed hopeless, and more
than purposeless to those who revered the Federal Union, was easy.
Multitudes were fighting against their original convictions of duty
and right, and others encountered dearest friends and kindred on
bloody battle-fields. That desertions in such a war were numberless
surprised no one, and the very greatness of their numbers rendered
severity and certainty of punishment the more necessary.</p>
        <p>No wonder Ellison shuddered. He knew that of all men Spratling
and I would be most anxious to punish one who had brought disgrace
upon our brigade. He groaned in an agony of terror. I could not
help pitying him. But the necessities of the case were inexorable.
I ordered him to rise and dress himself. He groaned and wept and
insisted it was impossible. I drew a gleaming knife and holding his
head said that if he did not obey instantly I would cut off both his
ears, and if he still refused I would order my men to fire on him.
Groaning and weeping like a pitiful baby, he crawled out of bed and
with trembling hands and quivering limbs dressed himself and sank
upon the floor exhausted by his terror.</p>
        <p>“You may rest a moment,” I said, “but you shall march thirty
miles to-day. Bushwhackers are on our track. We must take the
woods. Be cheerful; order breakfast for all of us. We will pay for
it in silver, and I think”  -  the wretch was fumbling with a pair of
crutches  -  “you can leave your crutches. You didn't take them with
you when you went to Chattanooga and back, last Tuesday.”</p>
        <p>Poor Ellison! I was sorry for him. He stared at me a moment,
and then fell over backward, shocked and swooning. I baptised his
face in whiskey, pouring a little in his open mouth, and his senses
returning, he looked vacantly around the room for a moment, and said:</p>
        <p>“I am ready. Tell me what I must do.”</p>
        <p>I repeated the suggestion as to the necessity for our immediate
departure, and ordering one of my men to hand-cuff and take charge
of Ellison, felt that the game was my own.</p>
        <p>Spratling had modestly suggested his own willingness to see that we
had an early breakfast. In social life he was unique. He talked
little and rarely laughed; but if his stories were brief, they were most
amusing, and the more, because of his profound solemnity.</p>
        <pb id="dupre52" n="52"/>
        <p>He was a fine-looking, blue-eyed, light-haired, good-natured young
fellow, six feet four inches high, of infinite pluck, enormous strength,
and perfect truthfulness. He was born and reared wholly innocent of
contamination by books, in the mountains of Tennessee, had migrated
in his early youth to Texas, and came back a soldier, t