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        <title><emph rend="bold">Recollections Grave and Gay:</emph>
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        <author>Harrison, Mrs. Burton, 1843-1920</author>
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    <front>
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      <titlePage>
        <docTitle>
          <titlePart type="main">RECOLLECTIONS
<lb/>
GRAVE AND GAY</titlePart>
        </docTitle>
        <byline>BY</byline>
        <docAuthor>MRS. BURTON HARRISON</docAuthor>
        <docImprint><pubPlace>NEW YORK</pubPlace>
<publisher>CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS</publisher>
<docDate>1911 </docDate></docImprint>
        <titlePart type="verso">COPYRIGHT, 1911, BY
<lb/>
CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS
<lb/>
Published October, 1911</titlePart>
      </titlePage>
      <div1 type="dedication">
        <p>TO
<lb/>
THE BELOVED MEMORY OF
<lb/>
MY BROTHER
<lb/>
WHO AFTER LONG SUFFERING, GALLANTLY ENDURED,
<lb/>
PASSED INTO REST AS THESE PAGES WERE
<lb/>
GOING THROUGH THE PRESS
</p>
        <closer>
          <hi rend="italics">Sea Urchins, Bar Harbor<lb/>
September, 1911</hi>
        </closer>
      </div1>
    </front>
    <body>
      <pb id="harrison1" n="1"/>
      <div1>
        <head>RECOLLECTIONS, GRAVE AND GAY</head>
        <pb id="harrison3" n="3"/>
        <div2 type="chapter">
          <head>CHAPTER I</head>
          <p>MY father was Archibald Cary, of Carysbrooke—all 
old-time Virginians loved to write themselves down as part of
their parental estates—son of Wilson Jefferson Cary, a
nephew of Thomas Jefferson, whose marriage with Miss
Virginia Randolph had taken place at Monticello; upon
which occasion the bride was given away by the master of
the house, who hung around her neck a little pearl
necklace sent for by him to Paris, and still treasured by her
descendants. There remains also a copy of “Don Quixote”
in French, lovingly inscribed by Mr. Jefferson to my
grandmother.</p>
          <p>Jefferson's mother, it will be recalled, was Jane, daughter
of Isham Randolph; and when, in 1790, Martha Jefferson
married Thomas Mann Randolph, she and her husband
claimed a great-great-grandfather in common. Young
Randolph having lived with the Jeffersons for two years in
Paris, completing his education under Mr. Jefferson's
direction at the University of Edinburgh, was entirely at
home in the household of his future wife; so much so, that
after their marriage he brought into it his little sister,
Virginia, whose wit and charm, with her gift of making
sweet music, appealed to Mr. Jefferson as strongly as did
her motherless condition. Miss Randolph grew up under
her sister-in-law's devoted care, and to Mr. Jefferson
owed the
<pb id="harrison4" n="4"/>
intellectual impetus he so well knew how to give to a girl's
education.</p>
          <p>She was by him inspired with the love of letters and habit
of authorship that marked her in later years, when Mrs.
Cary's novels, essays, and poems enjoyed considerable
vogue. My father always spoke to me admiringly of his
good mother's literary achievements, when, as a very little
girl perched upon his knee, I listened in charmed awe to the
tales of a grandmamma who was a real live author,
publishing every scrap of MS. as fast as she wrote it; and
said by the critics to combine the style of Hannah More
with a grace and humor all her own. When I tried to read
her books it must be owned that I thought them rather too
grave and sermon-like for human nature's daily food. Not
until many years had gone over my head did I appreciate
them at their rightful value.</p>
          <p>My father, an old-line Whig of the enthusiastic type, yet
had great personal admiration for and loved to talk about
his “Uncle Jefferson,” the “Father of American
Democracy.” Certainly, he induced all of us, and our
children after us, to look with appreciation upon Jefferson's
splendid originality of thought and fearless expression of
opinion, still more upon the breadth of his interest in the
whole human field of intellectual endeavor, which made him
a pharos in his time. Mr. Henry Watterson has well
expressed our united family opinion in saying that, after
Washington and Franklin, the one clear figure in the early
history of American politics is Jefferson—“a perfect Doric
column.”</p>
          <p>My son, Congressman Francis Burton Harrison, is
fortunate in possessing a fine Gilbert Stuart portrait of
Jefferson. Strangely enough, there is a strong likeness
<pb id="harrison5" n="5"/>
in this, as in the St. Memin profiles of Jefferson, to
various members of the family in the present generations.</p>
          <p>A crackling (alas! time-dried) letter lying before me,
addressed by my father to his sister, Mrs. Gouverneur
Morris, of Morrisania, “Harlaem, New York,” announces
the arrival in this world of his daughter Constance, stating
that “although she has red hair, he hopes if nothing happens
she will not be a homely girl; of this, however, nothing can
be said with certainty. The upper part of her head is very
much like our mother's, so that “should she live, I anticipate
for her some of her grandmother's talent for writing,
particularly as I have great confidence in phrenology.” This
I insert more as a contribution to the annals of the science
of bumps than with confidence in its interest to the public.</p>
          <p>The Carys of my father's line had been scholars,
leaders, and land-owners in the Virginia colony since 1640,
and before that were well known in south-western Britain.</p>
          <p>The head of the house is Byron Plantagenet, Viscount
Falkland, a worthy inheritor of the family title of the great
Lucius Cary, Viscount Falkland, who died on the field at
Newberry for England's glory and his own. Of late years it
has been a pleasure to me to meet in my recurrent visits to
London the family of the present viscount, and to be
welcomed into their hospitable home, filled with portraits
and relics, some of which are duplicated in our transatlantic
dwellings.</p>
          <p>Lord Falkland, whose wife was Miss Mary Reade, of
New York, has a household of handsome sons and
daughters, his eldest son, possessing the picturesque title of
the Master of Falkland.
<pb id="harrison6" n="6"/>
Of the Carys of Virginia, a noteworthy one was Colonel
Archibald Cary, of Ampthill, near Richmond, on the James,
known as “Old Iron” in the American Revolution. He
married a Miss Randolph of the Curls branch of that
numerous family. Through these Curls Randolphs we have
received a dash of Pocahontas blood, and I have found no
reason to decry this attenuated strain of descent from the
long-gone little Indian princess whose high fidelity and
noble unselfishness made its indelible mark upon colonial
history.</p>
          <p>It must be owned we were brought up to think of our
Randolph blood as a slightly menacing inheritance. “They
were clever, every man and woman of them,” said a family
oracle,“often brilliant, successful, fascinating—but,
beware, my dear, of eccentricity! Look at your cousin,
John of Roanoke! He began by being one of the most
beautiful and innocent looking lads the world ever beheld,
as anyone can see from that picture of him in boyhood,
painted by Gilbert Stuart; and look what a miserable life he
led,” etc., etc.</p>
          <p>We did not trouble our heads much about the
transmission of physical tendencies by descent in those
days, and found the strange stories of our morbid kinsman
very much to our taste. As leader of the Jefferson party in
Congress at twenty-eight, also chairman of the Committee
of Ways and Means, we felt very proud of him.</p>
          <p>We were to hear of Randolph of Roanoke in more
substantial fashion just before the war began. His estate,
devolving upon his insane brother, St. George, who had
lived in retirement all these years, was finally divided
between Randolph heirs at large, among whom my brother
<pb id="harrison7" n="7"/>
and myself were numbered. We received, to my great
satisfaction, several “plums” in the way of executor's
checks, a condition pleasingly continuing until after I was
married and living in New York, and then the fountain
ceased to flow. Various members of the family put these
odd fragments of Randolph inheritance into souvenir rings
and silver tea-sets, to be handed down in memoriam of the
unhappy genius, the shooting-star of the Randolph galaxy.</p>
          <p>My father was at the time of his death just entering upon
his fortieth year (a period traditionally dreaded by Cary
men as likely to cut short their mortal span), living in the
beautiful mountain town of Cumberland, in Maryland,
where he was editor of its leading newspaper, <hi rend="italics">The Cumberland Civilian</hi>. Bred in the practice of literary
study, well equipped in history, a classic by descent from
men educated at English universities, and owners of the
best libraries in the State, he was also an ardent Whig
politician, and has left printed pamphlets, speeches, and
editorials breathing the fiery spirit of his creed. One of my
earliest recollections was being taken as a very small child
to a hotel in Cumberland to visit his idol, Henry Clay, then
an aged man, who lifted me in his arms and kissed me, to
my secret discomfiture, as I thought him dreadfully old and
ugly. A gentleman present remarked: “Little girl, you must
never forget that you started in life with a kiss and a
blessing from the immortal Henry Clay.”</p>
          <p>Of that interview I ought to have retained a silver 
pencil-case, which I promptly lost.</p>
          <p>My father, when a young lawyer of three-and-twenty,
had married his cousin Monimia, youngest daughter of
Thomas, ninth Lord Fairfax, Baron of Cameron in the
Scottish peerage, who, residing quietly on his
<pb id="harrison8" n="8"/>
estates in Virginia, had never assumed his title except when
going once to England to claim an inheritance.</p>
          <p>My grandparents sometimes took a house in
Washington for the season, and there my mother, making
her début at seventeen, had been admired and belauded in
the society of the capital. Chapman, the artist, engaged to
paint “The Baptism of Pocahontas” for the rotunda of the
Capitol, asked leave to introduce her into his picture as
one of the two Englishwomen, their heads wrapped in
scarfs, who stand directly behind the kneeling Pocahontas.
My mother, at this time, made friends with Mr. and Mrs.
N. P. Willis, he greatly extolling her beauty and inviting her
to accompany them to various festivities. She remembered
going to see them one day in their sitting-room at a hotel,
and finding the lion still at his breakfast, in a gorgeous
dressing-gown and smoking-cap, like Thackeray's
“Clarence Bulbul,” with a page-boy kneeling before the fire
at his feet, toasting each mouthful of bread as demanded
by his fastidious master, Willis declaring it was “the only
way to make toast tolerable,” to the amusement of the little
Virginia girl bred in simplicity by her austere sire.</p>
          <p>There is a story of the wedding-journey of this very
young couple, Mr. and Mrs. Archibald Cary, when they
travelled, as the custom was, to New York, stopping at
some Broadway hotel, where, on the day of their arrival,
the bridegroom went off alone to visit Trinity Church and
church-yard. She was but eighteen, had never been so far
from home before, and as lunch-time came and her
husband did not, feared to go down to the big dining-room
alone, because people “stared at her so.” (The Rev. Dr.
Philip Slaughter, a learned historian of
<pb id="harrison9" n="9"/>
Virginia, wrote to me once, “I have a vivid picture of your
mother in my memory, when, as Burke said of the young
Queen of France, ‘She first arose above the horizon of
womanhood, and shone like the morning star, full of life
and splendor and beauty.’ ”) When the recreant returned,
hours after, full of concern and loving apology, his excuse
was that he had been copying inscriptions on the
tombstones in Trinity church-yard, and had no idea how
the time flew.</p>
          <p>My antiquarian progenitor seems, indeed, to have
resembled that learned lawyer of the fifteenth century,
William Budaeus, who, upon his wedding-day, stole away
from his bride for six hours to hold converse with the
mighty dead through his books.</p>
          <p>Of the marriage of Archibald Cary and Monimia Fairfax,
the fifth between these two families, were born three
children, two sons, Falkland and Clarence, and myself. My
brother Falkland, who died at sixteen, was one of those
rare beings sent into the world to adumbrate perfection,
then cut short in the flower of youth, to the bewilderment of
mortals who cannot grasp the meaning of the Creator's
scheme. As he lay after death, face and form were like one
of the recumbent statues of sleeping Greeks in the galleries
at Rome. All intellectual exercise was facile to him,
languages ancient and modern were acquired without
effort, and his literary compositions won the astonished
comment of his teachers. Join to this an incomparably
sweet temper and a great love of physical exercise, and his
loss to his family may be understood.</p>
          <p>My brother Clarence and I have kept together through a
long life of harmonious association, varied by much travel
and experience of people and places; we look back
pleasantly upon our life in Cumberland, in the
<pb id="harrison10" n="10"/>
brown modern Gothic house in Decatur Street, with its
tower and balconies (which must have seemed rather
spectacular in the quiet old town) bought by our father for
his little family. In the tower I kept a small regiment of dolls
with whom I used to enact plays from a tattered old copy
of Dick's “Shakespeare,” reading all the parts myself. I
was once near hating my good parents and a friend of
theirs, who, unknown to me, had crept up the tower stairs
to listen laughingly to one of these performances. In our
nursery my brother and I made tents out of bedclothes, and
told each other, successively, stories of original travel and
adventure, we who had never voyaged anywhere save
from “the blue bed to the brown.” The boys once had a
mock trial, condemned and hung over the battlements a
doll of mine, whose fate nearly broke my heart; but I
enjoyed it, nevertheless. My father, very indulgent to his
only girl, used to delight me with endless stories.
Particularly did I relish those of the French-Indian
campaign in that very neighborhood and of young Colonel
Washington's return from the disastrous venture to Mount
Vernon, where our mother's grandfather, Colonel William
Fairfax of Belvoir, his son George the Tory (Washington's
old comrade in surveying), and George's fascinating wife
Sally, our father's great-aunt, had hastened to console the
young Achilles sulking in his tent by kind notes and visits.</p>
          <p>I loved all the gossip about the Mount Vernon and
Belvoir families, and felt as if they still lived in my day. Then
there were Indian massacres of the most exciting sort, the
scenes of occurrence in the mountain fastnesses around us;
and often was I bid to travel over-sea, and hear about the
mother-land and the people we sprang from there. But,
affectionate to England, my father
<pb id="harrison11" n="11"/>
believed with all his heart in the ideal of our own republic
and its institutions. He used to describe how its borders
would go on broadening till it compassed the whole mighty
continent; and once pointed out to me suddenly, in the red
glow of sunset, the splendid cleft in the Alleghanies through
which a river and a railway ran, westward of the town.
“That, my daughter, is the gateway for the future greatness
of our land,” he said, so impressively that I looked to see
some actual titanic form with trailing garments sweep
outward through the gorge.</p>
          <p>My education was carried on at day-school, in the polite
establishment for young ladies of a Miss Jane Kenah,
where I must have done something, however inadequate,
to win from her the copy of “The Lady of the Lake,” in
faded red and gold, which still haunts my book-shelves,
“Presented to Constance Cary, as a reward for
scholarship, by her loving teacher.” I honestly do not now
believe I deserved it in the least, for I did not enjoy that
school, nor yet the lessons in Latin imposed upon me by
my father, at the hands of the amiable and learned Rev.
Hillhouse Buel, in his study at the rectory. I must have
made them a misery to my instructor! And as to
mathematics in general, I have always considered them an
invention of the evil one!</p>
          <p>The Rev. Mr. Buel, a distinguished father in the church,
was in my eyes chiefly an incarnation of the Spirit of
Ritualism in which my darling mother took strange
satisfaction. His beautiful church stood on a bold bluff over
the river dividing the town; our house was at a good
distance on the other side; and many a time, during Lent
especially, I was haled from my warm bed in the gray
dawn of a winter's morning,
<pb id="harrison12" n="12"/>
dressed hastily without breakfast (my mother fasted on
Fridays in Lent till after sunset), and made to accompany
her on a brisk, chill walk to matins, celebrated by the
rector, in the almost empty church, for the benefit of a
literal “two or three.” Once, she, I, and the celebrant were
the only persons present on a stormy morning. On
Sundays our family filled the first pew in the left transept,
after a preceding hour of Sunday-school for the juveniles.
When doctrine became too heavy for me I plaited the
fringe of my mother's embroidered shawl of China crepe,
to me the most sumptuous of garments, which she would
afterward find woven into as many little kinks as a darky's
wool.</p>
          <p>The rule of our house was firm if loving. There was no
weak yielding by either parent to our whims. Our pleasures
were of a simple sort: long walks on the hills, flower-picking,
skating in winter, and sledding over “jumps” on
the snow-clad heights above our home; excursions to
Flintstone, Frostburg, and the Mines; tea-parties with our
little friends and, at rare intervals, a show at some
town-hall, into which we walked proudly with free tickets as
children of the editor. I think we heard Mme. Anna Bishop
sing. My brother's sled bore her name in crimson letters.</p>
          <p>There was a grand triple entertainment for grown
people, given by my mother and her neighbors, Mrs.
Thruston and Mrs. Davidson, living diagonally opposite us
on Decatur Street. The invitations, printed in silver at the
office of <hi rend="italics">The Civilian</hi>, bid their friends repair to Mrs.
Thruston, who lived in a wide, handsome old house in a
terraced garden, at eight o'clock, for the reception; to Mrs.
Cary, who possessed a large drawing-room and veranda,
at nine, for dancing: and to
<pb id="harrison13" n="13"/>
Mrs. Davidson (whose husband was a brother of the
poetesses Lucretia and Margaret Davidson), for supper, at
eleven. Allowed to sit up for this unprecedented festivity, I
recall the guests assembling duly in Mrs. Thruston's stately
rooms, to sip Madeira and lemonade and taste her
excellent plum-cake; then coming in a variegated string
across the street to our big dancing-room, decorated with
evergreen and flowers, with a band in my father's study.
Proud as I was of our place in the programme, prouder still
I felt at the spectacle of my lovely young mother in “white
swiss,” with bunches of scarlet geraniums in her curls and at
her breast; wearing her pearls, my father's wedding-gift;
with flushed cheeks and laughing eyes and lips, leading
“down the middle,” with Mr. Philip Roman, in a Virginia
reel! The supper at Mrs. Davidson's was, to my eyes,
something too great and wonderful to be believed in. We
and the Davidson children disgraced ourselves
surreptitiously by eating impossible things, and when caught
we were sent home with a swift rush and told to go straight
to bed, arising next day none the worse for our indulgence.
Since then, banquets in many lands have been set before
us, but none could equal this! Lord Lytton, in his later days,
said: “It's a long time since I've been hungry, but, thank
God, I am still greedy”—a consolation in a very modest
way.</p>
          <p>One of the practices of Cumberland was for the male
head of the house to go to market betimes in the morning,
accompanied by a servant carrying a basket into which
purchases were put. One of my keenest pleasures was
when, at intervals, I was allowed to go there with my
father. The dim spaces in the long building lit by swinging
oil lanterns; the smiling, wheedling black faces behind piles
of vegetables, meats, fowls,
<pb id="harrison14" n="14"/>
fruit, and eggs; the joy of nibbling radishes, of licking honey
that oozed out of its receptacle, of receiving gifts of horse-cakes
from friendly merchants, of struggling through the
busy crowd at my father's coat-tails; I tried religiously not to
prefer it to matins, but failed.</p>
          <p>A vivid memory of my father is of an occasion when my
busy mother, going off for one of her rare holiday jaunts to
Berkeley Springs, and leaving her children and their nurse
in his care, I awoke in the night crying for her and would
not be consoled. No one heard me, no one answered, and
I sprang out of bed and ran barefooted down the stairs.
There, in the little study where he was accustomed to sit
half the night (in an armchair I still possess), and make
clippings from exchange journals for <hi rend="italics">The Civilian</hi>, I beheld
the editor buried in reading, snowed in with newspapers!
At my timid note of alarm he looked up, frowned a little,
then smiled tenderly, and, bounding up the steps, caught
me in his arms, pressed me to his breast, carried me down
to his den, and after a brief, delicious time of cosseting and
soothing, carried me back to bed, and stayed by me,
tender as any mother, till I slept!</p>
          <p>With his death, our Cumberland home was broken up
forever. My mother, with her three young children, was
reclaimed by her own mother, who took the long journey
from Alexandria to Cumberland to fetch us. It did not seem
a hardship to go to live with dear Grandmamma Fairfax—
sweetest and gentlest of mortals!</p>
          <p>Once, in an outburst of infant rebellion against powers
that were, I had conceived the idea of running away from
Cumberland to take refuge with her. I had been told the
canal passing through our town
<pb id="harrison15" n="15"/>
ran straight to her neighborhood, so I packed a
preposterous little bundle, containing, among other
necessaries, a tooth-brush, a prayer-book, and some
lumps of sugar, and set out to walk down to the towing-
path. A servant of ours, whom I always resented for the
interruption to my very first adventure, espied, pursued,
and captured me long before I reached the initial stage of
my journey—the first lock of the canal.</p>
          <p>Grandmamma was now a widow—the cold, stately old
patriarch with silver locks and eyes of steely blue, whom I
dimly recalled in earliest infancy, having gone to sleep with
his grandfathers on the slope of a Virginian hill-side. He
had been a wealthy man, as Virginian fortunes went, and to
each of his sons—Albert, the eldest, grandfather of the
present twelfth lord; Henry, of Ashgrove, a captain in the
United States Volunteers, who died of exhaustion in
marching through burning sun beside his soldiers in the war
in Mexico, to encourage them; Orlando, the “beloved
physician” of Alexandria and Richmond; and Reginald,
then a lieutenant in the United States navy—he had given
an estate, or its equivalent in money.</p>
          <p>Vaucluse, the place in Fairfax County near the
Theological Seminary of Virginia, had been left to the
widow during her lifetime, to her son Reginald after her.
And at Vaucluse our composite family lived until it was
destroyed by the war between the States. When the dear
<hi rend="italics"><foreign lang="fr">châtelaine</foreign></hi> breathed her last there, our sailor uncle
declared that everything must be kept as it was, to be a
happy port for him at the end of his voyages. I was very
much overawed by the continual remembrance of my dead
grandpapa when first we reached Vaucluse. I did not dare
tell any one how I was possessed by
<pb id="harrison16" n="16"/>
an image of him when I was three years old (seen through
an accidentally opened door, lying in bed in the Long
Room in the wing, whether ill or merely asleep I have no
idea), but the picture of that stern ivory profile against the
pillow, and the long locks like spun glass beside it, haunted
me for years with shuddering. There was a flight of stairs
leading past his door to my mother's room, up which I
used to fly with fast-beating heart after nightfall. Also, I
dreaded a long clock-case standing at the foot, which I
associated with a story in a chapbook, told me by my
nurse, about a corpse set on end in one of them.</p>
          <p>My brother tells me there was a tale among the servants
at Vaucluse, that my grandfather, once looking in his mirror
in the Long Room, saw over his shoulder a negro woman
standing, who gazed into his face appealingly. Recognizing
her as a servant who had been sent away to Ashgrove, he
turned to ask when she had come back and what she was
doing there, and found—nobody! Two days later they
heard that she had died at Ashgrove at that same hour.</p>
          <p>Grandpapa Fairfax was a devout Swedenborgian and
had his children baptized in that faith, some of them
subsequently being rechristened in the Episcopal Church,
by their own desire. It was said in Virginia that in early
days he had covers laid at table for the departed members
of his family, but for this I cannot vouch. In my time, every
place at meals was filled by a very hungry set of material
beings. In actual fact, the old gentleman was not so
alarming as reputed.</p>
          <p>Thomas, ninth Lord Fairfax, although singularly reserved
in habit, was a vigorous personality. Son of the Hon. and
Rev. Brian Fairfax (eighth lord and rector
<pb id="harrison17" n="17"/>
of old Christ Church in Alexandria, and life-long friend of
Washington) and of Elizabeth Cary, of Ceelys, on the
James, he had in boyhood made a journey to England with
his Tory father in 1777, in order to make good before the
House of Lords the claim of the latter to his title. In this
then arduous expedition, made in raw winter weather, the
father and son were assisted to pass through the lines of
the American army by personal order of General
Washington, who also assumed care of the wife and
children left behind on the Virginian plantation. A tattered
diary and letter written by little Sally Fairfax, during this
time, were published by me in <hi rend="italics">Scribner's Magazine</hi> for July, 1876, under the title of “A Little Centennial Lady.” All
that I could hear or glean about this quaint and charming
little great-aunt was delightful to me, and a certain phrase in
the letter to her sire in London, which he was to “receive
owing to the Generall's interposition” has passed into family
quotation. “My love to my brother Tommy, with the hope
that he will preserve the polite assurance and affable
cheerfulness of a gentleman, yet not forgetting the incidents
of Fairfax County.”</p>
          <p>Of the diary I copy a few entries. Amid preparations for
a Christmas dance at her father's house, Towlston, little
housewife Sally writes: “On Thursday, mama made 6
mince pies and 7 custards, 12 tarts, 1 chicking pye and 4
pudings for the ball.”</p>
          <p>“Miss Molly Page and Mr. Perce Baillie and Mr.
William Page and Mr. William Sandford, Mr. Mody and
Miss Jenny, a man who lives at Colchester, Mr. Hurst,
Mrs. Hurst's husband, young Harry Gunnell, son of old
William Gunnell, John Seal from the little falls, Mr. Watts
and Mr. Hunter, (etc, etc, etc) these are all the gentlemen
and ladies that were at the
<pb id="harrison18" n="18"/>
ball. Mrs. Gunnell brought her sucking child with her.”</p>
          <p>“On Monday night, when papa was at Mount Vernon
my aunt Fairfax” [Mrs. George William Fairfax, born
Cary] “sent my muslin apron to him which she gave me
when I was at Belvoir, but I did not bring it home with me,
so she made Miss Polly work it for me, and in it she sent
me a note, the apron is mighty pritty.”</p>
          <p>“On Friday the 3rd, of Janna, came jon vane to
undertake the building of the henhouse he got no
incouragement so he went away the same way he came.<corr>”</corr></p>
          <p>“On Friday the 3 of Jan came here granny Carty, she cut
me out a short gown, and stayed all night.”</p>
          <p>“On Friday the 3 of Jan, papa went to Collo
Washington's and came home again the next Wednesday
which was the 8.”</p>
          <p>“On Friday the 3 of Jan that vile man Adam at night kild
a poor cat of rage because she eat a bit of meat out of his
hand and scratched it. O vile reach of new negrows if he
was mine I would cut him to pieces a son of a gun a vile
negrow he should be kild himself by rites.”</p>
          <p>“On Thursday the 2 of Jan Marjerry went to washing
and brought all the things in ready done on the 9 of the
same month I think she was a great wile about them a
whole week if you will believe me reader.”</p>
          <p>“On Friday the 10 of Jannuary in the morning came here
Danny Govens overseer for Taff, and Taff went away
accordingly poor Taff I pitty him indeed, reader.”
<pb id="harrison19" n="19"/>
“On Friday the 17 of Jan I mended Tommy's shirt from
head to foot.      S. F.”</p>
          <p>“On Monday the 27 of Jan there fell an amazing snow
two foot and a half deep, on Tuesday the 28 of Jan I
craked a loaf of sugar, on Tuesday the 28, Adam cut
down a cherry tree on Friday the 14 of Febberary, the red
and white cow calved and had a red and white calf, 1772.
    S. FAIRFAX.”</p>
          <p>We have, alas! no portrait of S. F. in the family gallery.
My grandmother, Margaret Herbert, who afterward
became brother Tommy's wife, remembered pretty Sally,
at seventeen, at the Carlyle house in Alexandria, dressed
for a birthright ball, to which General and Mrs. Washington
were to take her. She was now engaged to “a young Mr.
Washington,” cousin or nephew of the general's, and on
this occasion the great Washington “devoted himself to her
especially, leading off in a minuet with her, when they were
the observed of all observers. Sally wore a dress of white
net over white satin, the net trimmed with rose-colored
satin leaves, a pink rose in her hair, with one white ostrich
plume. It was the last ball she ever attended.” So poor,
bright, quaint little Sally, “the general's” pet of all her family,
was cut off on her virgin stalk, dying before her
wedding-day.</p>
          <p>We always heard that our grandpapa mourned for her
to his long life's end.</p>
          <p>Later in life, Thomas, Lord Fairfax, again went abroad
to take possession of an inheritance coming to him from his
aunt, Mrs. George William Fairfax, of Bath, England, born
Sally Cary, the famous belle of
<pb id="harrison20" n="20"/>
Revolutionary times, around whom, with her two sisters,
Mary, afterward Mrs. Ambler, and Elizabeth, wife of Brian
Fairfax, cluster many a story, with variants, in the histories
of the youthful Washington. She, with her Tory husband,
finding life in the colony unendurable, had gone to live in
England, passing on their voyage out the tea-laden ship that
was to work havoc with king-craft in Boston harbor. Some
of the silver now in daily use in my home, notably a pair of
Corinthian column candlesticks with <hi><foreign lang="fr">repoussé</foreign></hi> bases, was
part of their table furniture. A full service of it had originally
been brought to the colony by Colonel William Fairfax, of
Belvoir, had voyaged back with Mr. and Mrs. George
William Fairfax, was again transported to Virginia by my
grandfather, used for years at Vaucluse, lay buried under
the ruins of Vaucluse during the four years of war, and
finally, exhumed intact, was distributed among the Fairfax
heirs.</p>
          <p>My grandmother, after the Southern custom, perhaps too
often followed, was a cousin of her husband. As Margaret
Herbert, of Alexandria, she had grown up in the old Carlyle
house, with its heavy chimneys, dormer-windows, double
balconies, and small-paned windows, now shown to
tourists as the scene of Braddock's conference, in 1755, with
the five governors of the colonies about the march to Fort
Duquesne. The dwelling, in the temporary absence of the
family, had been lent for the purpose by her grandfather,
Major Carlyle, afterward quartermaster of the expedition,
and his wife, Sarah Fairfax, of Belvoir. Traditions of this
dwelling, coming to me from her, embody certain visits
there “to dine and lie,” of General and Mrs. Washington on
the occasion of birthright balls at the City Hotel, describe
the toilets and trains worn by the ladies,
<pb id="harrison21" n="21"/>
Sister Nancy's collision with Aaron Burr on the stairway,
when he put his hand on his heart with a bow and smile
that (we youngsters thought) kept the lady forever unwed,
and much of the same kind. The circumstance that I
perhaps approved of most was that grandmamma was
allowed to “come out” at fourteen!</p>
        </div2>
        <pb id="harrison22" n="22"/>
        <div2 type="chapter">
          <head>CHAPTER II</head>
          <p>OUR establishment at Vaucluse now consisted of the
dear and beneficent lady, its head, and her two widowed
daughters with their children (six of the latter, off and on),
together with an endless procession, coming and going, of
aunts and cousins, who stayed as long as they found it
convenient and agreeable. Now, the “connection,” as it was
called, embraced a surprising number of people with the
same blood in their veins, and habit had made
it law that any one included in this brotherhood
should be sacrosanct and free of all the
house could offer as entailed upon hospitality.
So the old white stucco dwelling, with its wings to right and
left under the great oak trees of its lawns, went on
stretching to receive guests, the stable took in their horses,
the servants' building, a little way from the pantry wing,
received their attendants, and nobody ventured to think
anybody was ever inconvenienced!</p>
          <p>The two daughters of the house, my mother, and my
aunt, Mrs. Hyde, took care between them of the
housekeeping. Our servants were hired black people,
good and faithful souls, but, thank Heaven! not slaves of
ours. My grandfather Fairfax had been the first gentleman
in Virginia to manumit his slaves, had each of
them taught a trade, and the efficient ones sent to Liberia
at his expense. The latter part of his humanitarian scheme
was, needless to say, not a success, most of them writing
imploring letters to “old marse” to take them back again.
<pb id="harrison23" n="23"/>
There was no farm attached to the place, only gardens, a
chicken-yard, orchard, and dairy, from which the table
was supplied with country dainties. In the rooms were
assembled the flotsam of family furnishings accumulated
from other homes in England and Virginia, Towlston,
Belvoir, and Ashgrove. We had on the walls a few
interesting old Fairfax portraits: a “Percy, Earl of
Northumberland,” a “Parliamentary General,” a Lady
Fairfax with a busk, carrying a long feather in her hand,
Roundheads and Cavaliers; and in the secretary many old
parchments and a pedigree illuminated in Elizabethan days,
with a land transfer of the date of Richard Cœur de Lion.
The drawing-room was large and bright, with many
windows, all furnished and curtained in crimson damask. A
large open grate held in winter a fire of logs and lumps of
coal making a royal blaze; upon the mantle were girandoles
and ostrich eggs, with some Dresden cups and saucers
beautifully painted with wreaths of blossoms. In an alcove
to one side were shelves of books, mostly old English
volumes, saffron-hued and musty, that when opened were
apt to send little queer bloodless insects scuttling out of
them. There I sat (oftenest upon my foot) poring over the
world of joy I got from this fragment of a library. When not
thus employed, I was out-of-doors, scouring the woods,
climbing trees, riding horses to water, wading streams, and
picking wild flowers. Except for my cousin, Meta Hyde,
younger than I, a big-eyed quaint creature whom her
brothers teased and petted alternately, I was the only girl
child at Vaucluse. Of the young men and boy cousins,
passing in and out of the house, Vaucluse sent fourteen or
fifteen to the war. They always seemed to me to illustrate
what Colonel Lambert told Harry Warrington about the
Persians. “They can ride and speak the
<pb id="harrison24" n="24"/>
truth.” The wonder is I was not spoiled utterly by their
setting me on a pinnacle and doing all I asked, big or little,
in or out of season.</p>
          <p>It was then decided by my mother that I could no longer
roam and ride, or go shooting with the boys; so, after a
long foreign correspondence, a French governess,
Mademoiselle Adami, appeared upon the scene and was
instructed to keep with me always in my walks abroad.
Poor lady! It must be owned that she had her hands full,
that I writhed under her mincing conventionalities of social
doctrine, and that the boys played many a welcome trick
on her, including the offering of persimmons from a tree in
the pasture upon which frost had not yet laid its redeeming
spell. But she knew how to teach, and in school-hours I
was interested, and learned to like reading in French,
which I have kept up unremittingly all my life since.</p>
          <p>Washington, our chief shopping-place, eight miles
distant, was usually attained from Vaucluse in the family
coach drawn by two highly groomed chestnuts with long
frizzled tails, in which we jogged over the Long Bridge to
have our daguerreotypes taken at Whitehurst's, to order
bonnets of Miss Wilson, and to eat ices at Gautier's. To
keep us children quiet on the drive, so that the elders could
talk coherently, it was grandmamma's practice to smuggle
into the carriage Scotch cakes, Everton toffee, and rosy
apples. While we nibbled and munched (especially if the
draw on the bridge were off and some slow-sailing
Potomac craft were pursuing its dignified course down the
tawny stream) they chatted, and oh! of what interesting
things! Of the doings at Queen Victoria's court, which
these British lined ladies dearly loved to discuss, of
Washington social affairs and notabilities, of the dear
bishop our neighbor and matters
<pb id="harrison25" n="25"/>
of the church in Virginia, of books read, and of events,
ancient and modern, in families who somehow or other
seemed always to be of kin to ours! As the war came on
the talk grew more solemn. They none of them wanted
secession, and were waiting to see what Colonel Robert
Lee would do. Sometimes mademoiselle was told off to
conduct us upon improving visits to the dentist and various
government buildings, especially the Patent Office, while
my mother and aunt made calls upon old friends.
Sometimes we children, too, were taken to call upon long-
suffering acquaintances. At the corner of I Street and
Sixteenth stood a brick house, overgrown with ivy, around
which was a pleasant old garden. Here lived a kinswoman,
Mrs. Richard Cutts, and in residence with her was her
mother, Mrs. Hackley, sister of my grandmother Cary. My
obeisance accomplished to Aunt Hackley, I generally
made all speed to the garden in company with our little
Cutts cousins, Gertrude (now Mrs. Moorfield Storey, of
Boston) and her sister Lucia. My first glimpse of the
radiant Adelaide Cutts, afterward Mrs. Stephen A.
Douglas, was in this garden, and the vision smote my
heart-strings with delight. And, strange to say, in part of the
same garden was afterward built the house where I have now
pitched my tent, “a day's march nearer home.”</p>
          <p>My grandmother Fairfax had a daughter, Mrs. Irwin,
living in Washington with her husband and two children; so
that we had always a <hi rend="italics"><foreign lang="fr">pied à terre</foreign></hi> for visits and stops-over
to see special sights. To this kind aunt I owed many
happinesses as I grew older, and from her house, years
after, I went to my first ball in Washington at the house of
my present next-door neighbor—still living in the same
spacious mansion, with its wide garden
<pb id="harrison26" n="26"/>
shadowed on my side by a noble maple, in which, in
early spring, to perch numberless migrating birds, including
the cardinal grosbeak, who taps at my windowpane and
flits through the branches, revealing his scarlet majesty
before the leaves are out.</p>
          <p>Better even than our visits to the seat of government, I
loved those to quiet, dreamy old Alexandria, where every
one of the historic cobblestones of King Street (now
mercifully broken up, and relaid under a couch of asphalt)
had some family chronicle to tell me. Because I may not be
able so well to express the spirit of the place as it then
appealed to me, I venture to quote here the opening
pages of a book of my short stories, called “Belhaven
Tales,” chiefly published in the <hi rend="italics">Century Magazine</hi>. Into
that collection crept, without my knowing it, so much of
autobiography that I have a kindly feeling even for its faults.</p>
          <p>“In the quiet, grass-grown town of Alexandria, first
named Belhaven, situated upon the lower bank of the
Potomac, in Virginia, might have been perceived, just
before the outbreak of the war between the States, a faint
flavor of early colonial days lingering like the scent of
rose-leaves in an old-time China jar.</p>
          <p>“To begin with the streets—what a Tory smack in their
names!—King, Prince, Duke, Royal, Queen, Princess,
Duchess. Odd enough in the neighborhood of Mount
Vernon—nay, under the very shadows, as it were, of the
great dome of the National Capitol! At the time referred to,
enjoyment for the greater part of a century of the blessings
of political enfranchisement had not deprived some
Alexandrians of a certain relish for the affairs of the English
court. They liked to read the <hi rend="italics">Illustrated London News</hi>,
and to obtain correct information about the queen's walks
with the youthful
<pb id="harrison27" n="27"/>
royalties and the queen's drives, attended by Ladies X, Y,
and Z. Had they not been fed upon the traditions of an
English ancestry, as upon the toothsome hams, the
appetizing roe-herrings, of their famous market-place?
The Georgian era of tea-drinking and tambour, of spangles
and snuffboxes, of high play and hair-powder, represented
to them the Golden Age in the fortunes of their families of
which every vestige must be guarded jealously. As
children they had stood on tiptoe to study the lineaments
of Great-grandaunt Betty, hanging in the fly-specked
frame somewhere near the ceiling, and had been eager to
hear how she had been toasted at Mayfair supper-tables
or had danced the gavotte at a Ranelagh ball. Yonder
beetle-browed warrior in a voluminous wig was a general
in Queen Anne's time, before he condescended to his
present station above the sideboard. The beautiful youth in
armor, slender and graceful, with the fiery eyes, fought for
King Charles against the Roundheads, never dreaming that
he would come across the seas to find his niche in a staid
Virginian sitting-room! In this wainscoted parlor, where
the light comes through small, greenish panes of glass
veiled with ivy branching from stems knit in a fibrous mass
upon the outer wall, had great-grandmamma, dressed in
her satin-paduasoy (‘You may see a piece of it upon your
aunt Prunella's pin-cushion, my dear!’), her hose with silver
clocks, stood to receive General Braddock, on occasion
of his first visit to the town.”</p>
          <p>In walking through the streets of Alexandria to-day, one
sees residences keeping up the traditions of prosperous
hospitality. Enclosed within high-walled gardens, where
the Southern sun coaxes from mellow soil jasmines yellow
and white, roses in prodigal variety, honeysuckle and other
sweet-smelling things, the owners
<pb id="harrison28" n="28"/>
of these homes dwell year after year, unambitious of
change, gazing contentedly from afar upon that “microcosm
on stilts, yclept the great world.” It is the business quarter of
the town that strikes most forcibly the visitor from one of
the present centres of American commerce. From this
old-time seat of Virginian custom, the “fret and fever of
speculation” have forever fled. In the line of warehouses
along the wharves the quick “pulse of gain” has ceased to
beat. The vessels lying at anchor must be haunted by
ghostly crews; they give no sign of life. The steamboat that
plies her way between Washington and Alexandria seems
to approach the wharf cautiously, as if fearing to awake a
slumberer. Even the fishing industry—for the beautiful river
has not ceased to yield her tribute—appears to move but
languidly. All this has its delightful aspect; and he who
would view a lotus-eater in his paradise should watch an
Alexandrian darky dangling his legs over the worn beams of
the dock under pretence of fishing—listening to the lap of
water against the green and shiny piles, and droning away
the livelong afternoon until the level sun, which gleams fiery
red upon the broken windows of the warehouse at his
back, begins to stir in him vague thoughts of corn-pone
browning on the cabin hearth at home.</p>
          <p>One winter of my early youth spent by us at the Mansion
House in King Street, Alexandria, I used to look out,
across the way, at a large old brick mansion with closed
window shutters wearing a melancholy air of decay. When
I asked who lived there, I was told that little girls should
not ask questions and I had better run away and play. One
day I espied, descending the high steps, the oddest little
figure carrying a pitcher in her hand. She was a tiny old
lady dressed in an “umbrella”
<pb id="harrison29" n="29"/>
skirt, with white stockings and black kid slippers, a
fantastic scarf around her shoulders, and, to crown all, a
poke-bonnet covered with a sprigged black lace veil. Very
quietly, with perfect dignity of demeanor, she tripped over
to a pump in the neighborhood, filled her pitcher, and
returned inside the dismal doorway. Even the street boys
failed to jeer at her, and passers-by looked on
respectfully. Then, to stay my eager curiosity, her story
was told to me. She was a harmlessly mad kinswoman,
who lived alone with her equally stricken sister in their old
family home, the only survivors of a large household. For
some time my grandmother had taken care of their needs,
allowing them to remain in the home which they pitifully
prayed to keep. Their handsome father, son of an Irish
family of ancient lineage who had come to Virginia, it was
said, to make good his losses on the Curragh race-track at
Kildare, was reputed to be under ban by the priests in his
native land because of his offence against the church of
pulling down a chapel on the estate and using the stones to
build a banquet-hall! Arrived in the New World, he had at
first prospered, married an heiress, and had many children.
But in the course of years everything went wrong with him;
debts and his dissipation wrecked his wife's fortune, every
son born to them died by violence or accident; finally, they
two passed out of life, leaving these hapless daughters
overpowered by their sorrows. One of the sons, with his
little boy, died by accidental poisoning at the hands of the
family doctor while on a visit to Mount Vernon, and they
are both buried there; another, styled “Singing Billy” by the
townspeople, having “a voice like an angel heard above all
others in Christ Church choir,” was, with his brother,
swept off by a sudden pestilence of cholera in the
<pb id="harrison30" n="30"/>
town. Still another was killed by lightning; and one, his
exact fate foretold by his negro “mammy” in Alexandria,
perished at the hands of Indians on the Western plains.</p>
          <p>While I was away at boarding-school in Richmond came
tidings that the two afflicted sisters had been finally
removed to a sanitarium. The younger, to her life's end,
wore around her neck a locket she would allow nobody to
open, and it was buried with her. Those of her kindred
who went through the forsaken house collecting their
scattered belongings described a scene like a page from
Dickens's “Great Expectations”—laces, cashmeres,
slippers, gowns, heaped in dusty corners, cobwebs
everywhere. Thus was wrought out the priest's ban in
Ireland, and so ended a hapless family.</p>
          <p>Our first place of rest in going to Alexandria was always
my uncle's old home in Cameron Street, called “the Fairfax
House” on modern post-cards. A hundred associations
cluster around that house, with its brick-walled garden and
semicircular front steps. There my uncle and his wife
exhaled the kindness and fragrance of their truly Christian
lives; there their son, the heroic young Randolph Fairfax,
was born; there my brother Falkland died, a tragedy in my
young life; and there I was one day to be, for the space of
twenty-four hours, a prisoner of war.</p>
          <p>The house of the two old maiden ladies everybody in
our connection called “my aunts” was another, but less
popular, resort of our early youth. It had rather a grim
exterior, we thought, an impression intensified by our being
bidden, before entering, to lay aside any flowers or sweet
calycanthus shrubs we might happen to be carrying. It was
in King Street, not far
<pb id="harrison31" n="31"/>
from the river, where, in old times, the lawns in that part of
town went down to the water's edge, and the owners of
ships could see their cargoes coming safe to port, with
everything ordered in England, from silken paduasoys to a
coach for driving “four.”</p>
          <p>It used to be hard for me to picture my elder great-aunt
as a “little pet” of family letters, on a visit to Madam
Washington at Mount Vernon, learning from her to make a
quilt, or perched on a taboret to sing “Ye Dahlian God” at
General Washington's request.</p>
          <p>But she left that quilt to me, so I know the tale was true.
She was rather an alarming old lady, we all thought. Her
stern Roman profile resembled that of a warrior on a bas-relief,
her hawk's eye seemed to be searching for juvenile
depravity. At Vaucluse she would sometimes so alarm shy
theological students who came to call that they hardly
spoke at all during the visit.</p>
          <p>The other aunt was warm, generous, overflowing with
the milk of human kindness, a walking encyclopedia of
Virginian genealogy. She would “comfort us with apples,”
also gingercakes, and send us out into the backyard to
pick up the little pipes that fell from a great sycamore tree
shading it. Sometimes she let us go upstairs to visit a cousin
who lived with them, who rarely went abroad on account
of her unusual size. This was a very clever, pungent lady,
whom we credited with having read all the books in the
world, and who bred canary birds.</p>
          <p>After “my aunts” came to reside at Vaucluse with
“Sister Peggy,” I cannot think of its long, cheerful living-room
without seeing on either side of the fireplace a large
beaded mahogany arm-chair containing an ancient dame
poring over books and newspapers, which they kept
stuffed around their persons as they sat. They
<pb id="harrison32" n="32"/>
read, from morning until night, grave books, and all sorts
and conditions of fiction, from Madame d'Arblay to
George Eliot, when not talking about people who seemed
to me coeval with the flood.</p>
          <p>At the outbreak of the war, when my mother and Mrs.
Hyde elected to leave Vaucluse and go to the scene of
fighting in order to be near their volunteer soldiers and
serve as nurses if desired, “my aunts” declined to move
elsewhere. They were not afraid of armies, nor indeed of
anything but mice. They stayed till the place was taken as a
United States camp, and when courteously informed by the
officer in command that they must go into Alexandria, for
which purpose the war-carriage, an ambulance, stood in
waiting at the door, the older sister positively refused to
move of her own accord; and there she sat defying them,
fire in her glance, iron in her veins, till two soldiers between
them lifted her, chair and all, and bore her forever from the
chimney-corner of Vaucluse.</p>
          <p>The aged gentlewomen, finding refuge in the Cameron
Street house, lived there during the remainder of the war.
They will be kindly remembered by many Alexandrians of
the old régime, as by their numerous kin. The older lady,
unconscious of her surroundings for some time before the
end, would not rest without books and newspapers literally
covering her in bed. She bequeathed to me an interesting
mezzotint, now hanging in my library, of General Nathanael
Greene, presented by Washington to her father, and the
counterpane of transfer work made by her at Mount
Vernon; one of the Italian cotton <hi><foreign lang="fr">toiles de Gênes</foreign></hi>, so
familiar to tourists on the Riviera, cut out and “buttonholed”
upon a heavier background, presenting to view a large tree
with flowers fruit and birds, all at once upon its branches.</p>
          <pb id="harrison33" n="33"/>
          <p>Our neighborhood was always deeply interested in what
concerned the Lees, of Arlington, who lived in elegance
and comfort not far away. Colonel Lee's splendid, soldierly
figure was a mark for general approval when, on his visits
home, he rode into Alexandria to visit his old friends. What
he said upon subjects of national and civic interest was apt
to lead other opinions always. His wife, a daughter of Mr.
George Washington Parke Custis, “the old man eloquent,”
was of kin to us through her mother, a Randolph, and we
knew all their boys and girls. I remember Mary Custis Lee,
on horseback, accompanied by her little brother “Robbie,”
on his white pony Santa Anna, riding up on Sunday to
service at the chapel of the Theological Seminary; two
handsome and gallant figures they seemed to lookers-on.
Mildred Lee was my dear friend, and during a tour we
made together in the Dolomites, a few years before her
death, we loved to conjure up old Arlington and Vaucluse
reminiscences. In one of our walks near Cortina, she
ventured into an enclosure where a couple of fierce dogs
bounded out, barking, upon her; and I, from the road,
beheld Mildred go forward to meet them without flinching,
reducing both assailants to the condition of fawning upon
her knees, she, absolutely calm, with no sign of the
quickening of a pulse. The peasant who ran to her aid was
astonished out of his wits; but he probably had never heard
of General Lee, and was unaware of the transmission of
hereditary traits.</p>
          <p>The Augustin Washingtons, of Mount Vernon, were
rather too far away from Vaucluse for us to see much of
them, for our Fairfax County roads were then, as now, not
inviting to sociability except on horseback. I had a
delightful visit at Mount Vernon in childhood, and after the
place became the property of the Women
<pb id="harrison34" n="34"/>
of America, our cousin, Mr. Upton Herbert, an intimate
friend of the late owner, was appointed to be resident
superintendent. The most distinguished occasion I can
remember at Mount Vernon was that of the visit of the
Prince of Wales, the Duke of Newcastle, Sir Henry
Holland, Lord Lyons, and others, with President Buchanan
and his beautiful niece, Miss Harriet Lane, who came
down by water and roamed freely about the old house and
grounds. I had the glory of standing by a box hedge in the
garden and presenting to his royal highness a basket of
flowers picked from bushes traditionally said to have been
planted by Mrs. Washington. Of this event I chiefly
remember the young prince's charming manner in receiving
the token, at once consigned to one of his followers to
carry, and my own desperate anxiety lest my leghorn “flat,”
crowned with a wreath of feather flowers brought by my
sailor uncle from Madeira, should have gone askew during
my previous wild races through the garden.</p>
          <p>On a high bluff commanding beautiful reaches of the
Potomac, just below Mount Vernon, from which estate it
was divided by a creek called Dogue Run, stand in a
tangled wilderness of trees and shrubs, relics of the
foundation walls of old Belvoir House, burnt down during
the Revolution. This dwelling, familiar in Virginia annals as
the home of Colonel William Fairfax, of Yorkshire,
collector of the king's customs on the Potomac, and the
frequent stopping-place of the bachelor Lord Fairfax of
Greenway Court, has an especial interest to patriotic
Americans in that it was the second home and beloved
resort of Washington in youth. Of Belvoir, he himself
writes that the happiest hours of his life were spent there.</p>
          <pb id="harrison35" n="35"/>
          <p>My childhood was fed upon stories of old Belvoir and
its inmates—the master, Washington's mentor in the art of
war—his son, the young soldier who went away from
there to find his death with Montcalm before Quebec—he
to whom Wolfe said, “Young man, when we come into
action, remember the name you bear”—and the sailor boy
Thomas who went down in his majesty's ship <hi rend="italics">Harwich</hi>
fighting the French off Bourdaloue in the East Indies. Anne,
the oldest daughter, married Lawrence Washington, and
became the first mistress of Mount Vernon. George was
Washington's comrade in the surveying tour in the Western
wilderness. Hannah became Mrs. Warner Washington, and
last, not least, was Brian, my great-grandsire, subsequently
eighth lord. I cannot remember when I did not wish that the
family would recreate the traditions of this old home. But
Hygeia has been against it, for the old bogie of chills and
fever to which our Virginian forebears bowed down so
meekly—simply recording its annual return in their diaries,
taking quinine or its equivalent and quaking without
remonstrance—has never been banished from the spot.</p>
          <p>My son, Fairfax Harrison, has come nearer than any
other to realizing my dreams, for he has established a new
Belvoir in Fauquier County, Virginia, upon land formerly
belonging to the Greenway Court properties; and upon his
library table lies the original “visitors' book” of the
Revolutionary home, a copy of Thoresby's “Antiquities of
Yorkshire,” which, he had the luck to secure from
England. Sold with other effects of the Fairfaxes at Bath,
England, this interesting volume had for years been in the
hands of the antiquarian collector, B. F. Stevens, Esq., in
London, where a friend found it, subsequently waiving his
right as a purchaser in
<pb id="harrison36" n="36"/>
favor of my son. Upon its fly-leaves are written many
names of the frequenters of old Belvoir, appended to
“sentiments,” mostly in French or Latin. Three great-great
grandsons of the original owner recently inscribed
themselves on its time-worn record, headed by the present
American-born Lord Fairfax, who, in this twentieth
century, has become an English subject, his title confirmed
to him by the House of Lords in November, 1908.</p>
          <p>As regards the pronunciation of the name “Belvoir,” it is
probable it was in early days pronounced “Beever,” like
the seat of the dukes of Rutland, who were akin to the
English Fairfaxes. Colonel Harrison Dodge, the
representative of the national owners of Mount Vernon,
who is nothing if not exact, so pronounces it, but the
moderns of our family give it the French sound.</p>
          <p>In the small dining-room at Mount Vernon may be seen
a fine old iron fireback, reclaimed from the ruins of
Belvoir, bearing the lion crest and motto, “<hi><foreign lang="la">Fare Fac</foreign></hi>.”</p>
          <p>In our part of the county everything clerical was under
the immediate domination of the Theological Seminary.
We and other neighborhood families sat on Sundays in the
chapel of that institution (my grandmother reserving two
front pews in the left-hand transept for herself and guests),
the main part of the nave being filled by the students and
the high-school boys. Well do I remember when those
pews of ours were filled to overflowing by devout female
worshippers from Vaucluse—mothers, aunts, and cousins
who would not have shirked attendance for the world.
They made nothing of two services and two sermons a
day, and if the great and learned Dr. Sparrow
<pb id="harrison37" n="37"/>
chanced to be in the pulpit, those sermons were no
twenty-minute screeds! Other professors beloved in our
circles were the Rev. Doctors Packard and May; and at a
little distance to the left, going down the hill where in my
time blue iris bordered the roadside, lived dear Bishop
Johns, genial, lovable, and strong mentally, as befits a
father in the church. It was the custom of our neighborhood
to give from time to time tea-parties to the clergy and
seniors among the students. On these evenings my
grandmother's table was spread with her fairest damask,
the best silver, cut glass, and a service of early Derby
china, deep lapis lazuli blue, bordered with gilt, with pink
eglantine in the centre. A few cups and plates of this china
deck my shelves to-day. Among the dainties heaped on the
table one may be sure broiled chicken and thinnest slices of
pink ham were not absent; nor hot Maryland biscuit, thin
biscuit, every kind of biscuit, fresh butter, and a
bewildering variety of preserves, including segments of
watermelon rind carved like lace work, with peaches and
quinces in amber syrup, for the clergy always liked
Vaucluse preserves. Next followed a course of waffles,
crisp and golden brown, over which one was asked to
shake, out of the sifter of Queen Anne silver, a shower of
sugar and cinnamon combined. To these reflections, in their
turn came Messrs. Phillips Brooks and Henry Potter
(already in their student days a head higher intellectually
than the average of their fellows, and much in demand by
Hill hostesses) with many another subsequent dignitary of
the church. With the Hyde children and Clarence, I used to
peep agape through the pantry door as it opened for the
passage of successive good things, and wonder if the
clericos intended to eat all night!</p>
          <pb id="harrison38" n="38"/>
          <p>Among our neighbors were the McGuires, of Howard,
he the reverend rector of the Episcopal High School, she a
delightful whole-souled woman, born Brockenborough,
who afterward wrote a lively chronicle of war days; the
families of the professors I have named, and the household
of General Samuel Cooper, then United States adjutant-
general in Washington, who had a country home,
Cameron, on the hill. Mrs. Cooper was a daughter of
George Mason, of Gunston Hall, and sister-in-law of
General Lee's brother, Admiral Sydney Smith Lee. She
had two daughters, Maria (Mrs. Wheaton), and Jennie, a
great friend of mine. The Coopers, who drove to service in
a two-horse carriage with a smart coachman, took the <hi rend="italics"><foreign lang="fr">pas</foreign></hi>
over Vaucluse in this respect, since we either walked or
drove ourselves in a one-horse rockaway, our servants all
having holiday on Sunday, it seemed to us.</p>
          <p>Near Cameron lived Miss Emily Mason, with her
widowed sister, Mrs. Rowland, agreeable and cultivated
women both, with Mrs. Rowland's two daughters and two
sons. Miss Mason, since widely known for her noble
service as an army nurse as well as for her literary works
and compilations, was an especial spot of sunshine on “the
Hill.” She died in Georgetown, very recently, at an
advanced and green old age.</p>
          <p>Commodore French Forrest, with his gentle wife and his
son, the late Rev. Douglas Forrest, once of the C. S. A.,
lived at Clermont. It was an attractive house, with
wonderful box hedges and calycanthus bushes of unusual
size. I remember a dance given by handsome Mrs.
Forrest, when I wore a white “book-muslin,” with my hair
glued to my head with bandoline, then plaited in 
sixteen-strand braids coiled in a basket low upon the neck, in
which were inserted
<pb id="harrison39" n="39"/>
white cape-jasmines set in rose-geranium leaves. We
danced hard till daybreak, and I drove home in a buggy
with one of the older male cousins without dreaming of a
chaperon.</p>
          <p>Near Vaucluse lived our cousin Arthur Herbert, of
Muckross (he was like the youngest son of grandmamma's
household), who was to go off to war as captain in the
Seventeenth Regiment of Alexandria Volunteers, and after
four years of hard fighting, through almost every battle of
the army of northern Virginia, come back as colonel, with a
record of many gallant deeds, and settle again in his old
home. He found the crest of the hill on which his former
house had stood bare of everything—dwelling, trees,
fences, and outhouses all gone; but a United States fort
built upon the site had left behind casemates of solid
masonry, serving as fine cellars for the new house. Colonel
Herbert married Miss Alice Gregory, of Petersburg, and,
with their family, has continued to reside at Muckross—
named for the original home of the Herberts near Killarney,
in Ireland.</p>
          <p>Farther up in the county abode Mrs. Fitzhugh, of
Ravensworth, the aunt by marriage of Mrs. Lee, of
Arlington, to whose second son, General William Henry
Fitzhugh Lee, she bequeathed her ancient estate. A visit I
once made to Ravensworth, from Mr. Upton Herbert's
neighboring “Bleak House,” has been always remembered
pleasantly. When my cousin Upton was nearly eighty, he
used to make his visits to Ravensworth riding upon a fiery
young unbroken colt, and the Lee family would send a
mounted servant after him when he returned to Bleak
House, with orders not to show himself, but to keep the
old gentleman in sight.</p>
          <p>At Ravensworth, to-day, lives the widow of General W.
H. Fitzhugh Lee (once handsome Miss Bolling, of
<pb id="harrison40" n="40"/>
Petersburg), with her sons, and General Custis Lee, who,
dispossessed of Arlington, has since made his home with
his late brother's family.</p>
          <p>Time glided by peacefully in our sweet old home, broken
only by the necessary severing of links in the chain of life
that, by Heaven's mercy, close again to give us courage to
go on. The early death of my brother Falkland, was
followed in a few years by that of my gentle grandmother.
We had few excitements; occasionally we went to the
Springs, to make visits at Charlottesville, Baltimore, or
Washington, and to the country-houses of friends. I visited
sometimes at the Vineyard, the home of Mr. Conway
Robinson, the learned Virginian jurist, near Washington. His
son, Leigh Robinson, a brilliant graduate of the University
of Virginia, fought through the war in the Army of Northern
Virginia, and has since been at the bar in Washington. I had
one journey, only, to the North, to visit the home of my
aunt and uncle, the Gouverneur Morrises, of Morrisania.
Not only did it seem wonderful to be penetrating to such a
far-away region as New York, but I had heard such
interesting stories about Morrisania: How it was built upon
the site of his earlier home by Gouverneur Morris, member
of the convention which adopted the Constitution of the
United States, senator, and minister to France during the
Reign of Terror—who had known familiarly all the great
actors of that awful drama, and the grandees of other
countries. How he had come back to live at Morrisania,
bringing a ship-load of relics from old palaces in France,
mirrors, tapestries, gilded chairs and couches, books, a
rare dessert service of old Sèvres, with forks and spoons of
solid gold—and had put all these inside the oak-panelled
<pb id="harrison41" n="41"/>
walls of his home on the Harlem Kills, where they still
remained. How he had entertained Talleyrand, the Jerome
Bonapartes, Tom Moore, and all the visiting celebrities as
well as statesmen of his day. How his romantic marriage at
sixty with Miss Anne Randolph, of Virginia, had occurred
there, his wife having a year later given him his only son, the
then master of the house. How this second Gouverneur had
in his turn married a Virginian lady, a first cousin. How
when Grandmamma Cary went to see her nephew at
Morrisania, in the early days after her sister's death, they
would drive and drive, and be always, like the Marquis of
Carabas, upon his own land! Now the estate had come
down to forty acres surrounding the delightful, mellow old
house. Piece by piece, my uncle had sold it for stations on
the Hartford and New Haven railways, or else the great
encroaching monster of New York had swallowed it by
bits.</p>
          <p>Naturally, I was eager to visit there, and it was a time of
unalloyed pleasure with my uncle and aunt and their family
of boys and girls near my own age.</p>
          <p>But nothing whispered to me that one day, after a
terrible war that should destroy my own home, I would be
married from Morrisania. And yet this was to be!</p>
          <p>I am making no attempt to record chronologically the
events of my modest experience in childhood. I am simply
writing down, as they drift to me out of the mists of
memory, things about the people most familiar to me,
thinking it may interest readers as a page torn from old-
time chronicles of American social life before the war. The
two or three years after the reign of my French governess
came to an end, were spent by me in Richmond at the
boarding-school of M. Hubert Pierre Lefebvre. As a rule,
narratives of boarding-school life
<pb id="harrison42" n="42"/>
are more interesting to the teller than to hearers, and I will
only say that the experience broadened my horizon in
introducing to me types of girls from the higher classes of
society all over the South, and convincing me that the
surrounding slave service was inspiring neither to the
energy of body nor independence of ideas I had been
taught to consider indispensable. Many of these pretty,
languid creatures from the far Southern States had never
put on a shoe or stocking for themselves; and the point of
view of some about owning and chastising fellow-beings
who might chance to offend them was abhorrent to me.
But they all came out grandly during the war, and after it.</p>
          <p>In some mysterious way I had drunk in with my mother's
milk—who inherited it from her stern Swedenborgian
father—a detestation of the curse of slavery upon our
beautiful Southern land. Then, of course, omnivorous
reader that I was—I had early found and devoured
“Uncle Tom's Cabin,” “that mischievous, incendiary
book,” as some of our friends called it. When the
thunderbolt of John Brown's raid broke over Virginia I was
inwardly terrified, because I thought it was God's
vengeance for the torture of such as Uncle Tom.</p>
          <p>I was on a visit to my aunt, Mrs. Irwin, in Washington,
following Mr. Lincoln's inauguration, while yet arose in
many households spirited discussion concerning the trend
of national events. We young people had not waked up to
a full understanding of the issues involved, nor had become
the fierce partisans of after days. When, therefore, my
aunt's husband (who remained a supporter of the Union
during the war) insisted that, as an epoch in life, I should be
taken to see the new President, I went with him to one of
the levees at the White House. A terrible crush of people, it
<pb id="harrison43" n="43"/>
seemed to me, of all sorts and conditions, foreign ministers
preceding backwoodsmen in flannel shirts and Sunday
coats, great ladies of the administration, in line with
struggling women and children hardly dressed or kempt for
festal occasion. That was the reception where the curtains
had pieces cut out of them for souvenirs by the
backwoodsmen, who, it was said, swarmed to Washington
in the wake of the “man of the people.” Budding
secessionist although I was, I can distinctly remember that
the power of Abraham Lincoln's personality then
impressed itself upon me for a lifetime. Everything faded
out of sight beside the apparition of the new President,
towering at the entrance of the Blue Room. He held back
the crowd a minute, while my hand had a curious feeling of
being engulfed in his enormous palm, clad in an ill-fitting
white kid glove. He said something kind to his youthful
visitor, and over his rugged face played a summer lightning
smile. We passed on, and I saw him no more till he drove
past our house in captured Richmond, in an ambulance,
with his little son upon his knee.</p>
        </div2>
        <pb id="harrison44" n="44"/>
        <div2 type="chapter">
          <head>CHAPTER III</head>
          <p>AND now the war-clarion blew, the clans were all alert,
and every male creature belonging to us was straining for
the fray. As Vaucluse lay in the track of probably
advancing armies, my mother and aunt decided to send their
younger children out of harm's way. Accordingly, to my
despair, I was packed off with my brother Clarence and
my little cousin Meta Hyde to stop with a relation at
Millwood, in Clarke County, Virginia. Consolation, in the
shape of lovely surroundings, bountiful hospitality, visits to
such places as Saratoga, Carter Hall, The Moorings,
Annfield, etc., made the May days dance along, until we
were suddenly confronted with the news that Vaucluse had
been forsaken by my mother and aunt, who had driven
away by night in their own carriage, their destination the
immediate neighborhood of Manassas Junction, where the
Southern troops were massing.</p>
          <p>One of the letters from my mother of this date told how
at the last moment before leaving Vaucluse, having no way
of despatching the silver to a safety-vault in Washington or
Alexandria, she had undertaken to bury it in the cellar of
the house. Aided by a young nephew who was to go on
the morrow to volunteer at Manassas, and a faithful old
negro gardener, who died soon afterward, they worked
half the night (she holding a lantern) till pits were made
large enough to contain two large travelling trunks, into
which the silver
<pb id="harrison45" n="45"/>
had been hastily packed. The pits filled in and rubbish
strewn over them, my mother got into the carriage before
daybreak and drove away to the Confederate lines.</p>
          <p>Four years later, the house having been destroyed by
incendiaries, all the trees on the place cut down for
breastworks, and the site used for a United States camp
during many months, she came back to her home,
accompanied by men with spades and picks. Save for
slight depressions in the grass, there was no token of
where the house had stood, and many bewildered
moments were spent in searching for it. Some hours
followed while the men toiled, and my mother sat on the
ground and looked on, amid gathering tears. Any idle
soldier prodding the ground might have struck the boxes,
she argued, and there was little hope. Just as she was
about giving the order to stop work, one of the men cried
out, holding up a teaspoon black as jet! Soon the earth
was covered with dark objects from around which the
boxes had rotted. Candelabra, urn, tea-set, tankards,
bowls, dishes, and the complete service of small silver
were recovered, not a salt-spoon missing! Sent to Galt's,
in Washington, for treatment, they were soon restored to
pristine brilliancy.</p>
          <p>In Mrs. Judith Brockenborough McGuire's “Diary of a
Southern Refugee” is found the following, under date of
July 30, 1862:</p>
          <p>“Vaucluse, too, the seat of such elegant hospitality, the
refined and dearly loved home of the Fairfax family, has
been levelled to the earth, fortifications thrown up across
the lawn, the fine old trees felled, and the whole grounds,
once so embowered and shut out from public gaze, now
laid bare and open—Vaucluse no more!”</p>
          <pb id="harrison46" n="46"/>
          <p>If we were to join her at all, wrote my mother from
Bristoe Station, it must be now, as who knew when the
military lines might shut us out? She warned me in eloquent
phrase that our sylvan paradise at Millwood must be
exchanged for a poor little roadside tavern on the Orange
and Alexandria Railroad, treeless, shabby, crowded to
excess with officers' families, under burning sun all day, no
ice for rather muddy water, no fruit, the plainest of fare,
and nowhere to walk but up and down the railway track.
<hi rend="italics">Per contra</hi>, the camp containing our boys was but five
miles away; we should get all the army news direct; and
day after day would see trains thundering by, full of eager
soldiers, thrilling and shouting with joy that they were so
near the goal! When the battle came we should be nearest
it, to do our best for them. If our troops were to be driven
back—why, then, we would “take our chance!”</p>
          <p>We went. By lumbering stage-coach down the peaceful
Shenandoah Valley, clad in the radiancy of summer foliage,
by way-train here and there, passing “the Junction,” the
centre of all hopes and thoughts, the cradle of the future
Army of Northern Virginia—arriving safely and gladly at
Bristoe to “take our chance” with the others.</p>
          <p>The month that elapsed before the first battle of the war,
on July 18, 1861, was one in which I woke up to the
strongest feeling of my young life. My mother saw
her only remaining son, aged fifteen, looking several years
younger, go into service as a marker in an Alexandria
regiment. She sewed for him, with the neatest of stitches,
white gaiters, and a “havelock” for his cap—these
afterward abandoned by authority as too shining marks for
riflemen—tears dropping now and then upon her
handiwork, but never a thought of telling
<pb id="harrison47" n="47"/>
him he should not go. All about me were women ready
to give their all. I realized that love of country can mean
more than love of self.</p>
          <p>In the family carriage, sold later as a superfluity of luxury
to refugees and hospital nurses, we drove to several
impromptu entertainments at Camp Pickens, during the
month of waiting the enemy's advance. What young girl's
heart would not beat quicker in response to such experience?
There were dinners cooked and served to us by our
soldier lads, spread upon rough boards, eaten out of tin
plates and cups amid such a storm of rollicking gayety and
high hope that war seemed a merry pastime. In the infancy
of war, the Louisiana chieftain, General Pierre Gustave
Toutant Beauregard, of ancient Creole family, was
distinctly looked upon as the future leader of the
Confederacy. His name was upon all lips, his praise on
every breeze that blew. Some early war rhymester wrote
verses, of which the refrain was:</p>
          <lg type="verse">
            <l>
              <foreign lang="fr">“Beau canon, Beauregard! Beau soldat,
Beauregard!</foreign>
            </l>
            <l>
              <foreign lang="fr">Beau sabreur! Beau frappeur! Beauregard,
Beauregard!”</foreign>
            </l>
          </lg>
          <p>Needless to say that to be received with visitors' honors
at his head-quarters was a source of undying pride. We
met there the lamented Brigadier-General Bartow, killed at
the first battle of Manassas; General Longstreet, who in
those days, before he lost several children at once by
scarlet fever, was rollicking and jolly always, looking, as
his aid, Moxley Sorrel, afterward said of him: “Like a rock
of steadiness when sometimes in battle the world seemed
flying to pieces”; and many another destined to high fame.
There were drills, dress parades, and reviews, viewed
from the headquarters tents of great generals. In all our
dreams
<pb id="harrison48" n="48"/>
sounded the blare of trumpets, the roll of drums. And so
till the morning of July 17, when word came that our troops
were moving forward!</p>
          <p>Now knew we the rude reality! Those women and girls
and children left at Bristoe, who, on the 18th, spent all day
on the railway tracks, straining eyes and ears in the
direction of the belt of woodland above which arose
columns of gun smoke, hearing the first guns of the war as
distinctly as one hears a fog-horn on an Atlantic liner, had
mostly all they loved best in the fight. It seemed eternal,
that sullen roar of artillery, that crackle of fire-arms. And
who should say how it was coming out? We could not
rest; we could not speak or eat. Toward afternoon
appeared, limping down a long, red clay road, a single,
smoke-stained, fiery-faced bandaged soldier. With one
accord the women fell upon him like a swarm of bees,
questioned, fed, soothed, exalted him. He was rather a
dreadful-looking person, we had to own, and his manner
unpleasant, to say the least. His wound, on examination,
proved a mere scratch on the middle finger, but he rose to
the occasion as a hero, and answered our fevered, eager
queries with statements that took our breath away.</p>
          <p>“The Seventeenth Virginia,” he responded to our
especial inquiry. “Why, they fought like tigers and was cut
all to pieces. Hardly an officer was left.”</p>
          <p>A beaming smile and a strong whiff of whiskey
accompanying this revelation, we took heart to doubt.
But none the less, that first wounded soldier from Bull
Run had enjoyed a monopoly of patriotic sympathy
never again to be surpassed.</p>
          <p>A little later we heard of Confederate victory and that
our boys were safe. It nerved us for the evening's work.
After dark, a train came thundering into our station,
<pb id="harrison49" n="49"/>
stopping to ask food and drink for the wounded. By
lantern light we passed through the cars, carrying and
distributing all there was to give.</p>
          <p>Over and again we were to do this service during the
four years to come. Never, perhaps, with such keen
emotion.</p>
          <p>The day before, a closely veiled, shabbily dressed little
woman, her luggage a small archaic hair-trunk inscribed
with undistinguished name, had been put off a train from
Richmond upon the platform before our poor, overpacked
hostelry. In vain did Lipscomb, our distracted host, assure
her there wasn't a room or a bed left for any one—nothing save a servant's pallet on the floor of a hot garret.
Also, he stated, looking her over doubtfully, all the
occupants of this ‘hotel’ were members of officers'
families well known to General Beauregard. She kept her
ground manfully, explained that she had been ill of typhoid,
had come all the way from New Orleans to be near her
brother at the front, and had no strength to turn back; so
he gave her the garret, where a negro girl carried her food
and drink; and we lookers-on thought no more of her in
the greater excitement of the coming battle.</p>
          <p>In the evening, my mother having gone on to Culpeper
Court House to volunteer as a nurse in the new military
hospital, my aunt, who was busy elsewhere, suggested that
I go up to see what had become of the odd little woman in
the garret. When I tapped at the door it was no
uneducated voice that bade me enter, but one sweet and
refined, coming from a girl huddled on a chair near the
window, who sprang up to meet me with a cry of joy.</p>
          <p>“News! News from the front?” That was all she
wanted, not supper or anything. The servant girl had
<pb id="harrison50" n="50"/>
told her the troops were moving. It was a mercy to speak
to any one; she had cried all day, and now thought she
would go mad.</p>
          <p>Little by little, it came out that she was the petted
daughter of a wealthy Creole family, engaged to a
lieutenant of artillery, with whom she had quarrelled and
broken just as he went off to Virginia with the battalion in
which her brother was also an officer. Repenting, she tried
to wire him her regrets, and finally, on the impulse of a
moment, had left the plantation where her family were,
went into her mother's town house, possessed herself of
the housekeeper's trunk and garments, and set off for
Virginia. Her intention, only to see him and then go back
again, spite of her dread of the brother's wrath should he
find out her escapade, was now frustrated by the
movement to the front!</p>
          <p>Taken thus into confidence in a rare romance of which
the heroine seemed to my fervid imagination one of the
most fascinating little creatures ever seen— charmed by
her good looks, her dainty <hi rend="italics">lingerie</hi> with fine embroidery
and lace, the rich toilet articles strewn about, and the 
gold-mounted writing-case from which she took her lover's
portrait to show it to me I readily promised secrecy and, if
possible, help. She cheered up at this, and to my surprise
ended by kissing me, then promised to eat her neglected
supper and try to sleep.</p>
          <p>During the battle, next day, she again passed out of my
mind, and when, at dusk, a shabby little veiled figure stole
up upon the platform and begged me to go with her for an
instant to her room, I acquiesced. When there, she burst
into a storm of tears and sobs. The day had nearly killed
her, she had spoken to nobody, her heart was breaking
with anxiety. She had heard there was a list of wounded in
the grocery store; would I
<pb id="harrison51" n="51"/>
mind seeing whether his name or her brother's was upon it?</p>
          <p>And then she told the names which I was to come to
know well and respect in after days!</p>
          <p>I coaxed her downstairs again, and while all the rest of
us squeezed into the little country store where, behind the
counter, by the light of a tallow candle, a man was spelling
out a newly arrived register of the casualties of the day, she
stood outside in the darkness, afraid to show herself.
Begging for a glance at the paper, I ran my eye hastily over
it, and the third or fourth name was that of her lover, 
“badly wounded!” And—strange happening of my first
war love-story!—just after I had induced her to go back to
her room with her misery, the first train of wounded men
from Manassas slowed up at Bristoe, and while every
woman and girl in the hotel except herself went through it
carrying milk, water, brandy, and bread, to my lot it fell to
minister to a young Louisiana artilleryman lying upon a cot
in a freight car, suffering greatly, but with perfect fortitude;
while she who had been his affianced was at ten steps from
him, wearing her heart out in longing for him, yet knowing
nothing of his vicinity.</p>
          <p>The sequel of this episode was, alas! not cheerful. They
met again in Richmond, whither he was taken and she
followed, but the breach between them widened instead of
drawing together, and then two lives went apart.</p>
          <p>On Saturday evening, July 20, a messenger was sent by
General Beauregard to the ladies and children at Bristoe,
saying that an engine and car would be placed at their
disposal, with urgent advice for them to leave immediately
for a point of greater safety, since a battle was impending
upon whose issue it was impossible to
<pb id="harrison52" n="52"/>
count. The women, sewing flannel shirts and making
bandages fast as hands could fly, looked at each other and
sent thanks to the general, with the answer that they
preferred to stay.</p>
          <p>That Sunday of the “first Manassas” was a repetition on
a larger scale of our experience of the 18th. Some women
sewed awhile, then ran bareheaded, desperate, out in the
burning sun to look, to listen, to pray, to yearn! With every
fresh roar of cannon came the piercing javelin of thought,
“Was mine taken then?” “Was mine?”</p>
          <p>By mid-day we heard of victory and the rout of the
Federal forces. By evening we had individual returns.
Again, those most near to us were preserved in safety.</p>
          <p>My brother, the marker, although twice ordered by his
sympathetic superiors to the rear to guard hospital stores,
had managed to get his full share of the excitement. The
story told by his captain of seeing the tired little fellow,
during an interval in the fight, asleep under a tree, near
which a shell had burst without warning or awakening him,
went into the newspapers with sundry other more
sensational accounts of his prowess, since disavowed. He
told us of wading Bull Run quite up to his knees, in pursuit
of the fleeing enemy, and of the long tramp to Fairfax Court
House and back; the greatest hardship to our troops being
that they were obliged to pass by forsaken tents with
delicious soup boiling itself away upon the fires, and
abundant food everywhere—together with a sutler's
wagon broken open, its tempting contents scattered on the
ground—when all they could lay hold of as first spoils of
war was a jar of “sticks of candy,” greatly enjoyed in the
ranks as far as it would go.</p>
          <pb id="harrison53" n="53"/>
          <p>My brother was that same evening ordered by General
Longstreet, who picked him up upon the field, to his head-quarters
as “courier.” His duties of message-carrying to the
various head-quarters through the camps were made
lighter by the necessity of exercising the fine horses of a
late staff officer, Colonel Fisher, killed in the action of the
21st, and his leisure time more pleasant by the society of
Colonel Moxley Sorrel and an afterward much-talked-of
Major Terry, a noted scout and Texan ranger, who
delighted him by stories of Indian warfare on the plains,
etc.; the line of demarcation between officers and privates
having hardly yet made itself felt, so numerous were the
gentlemen in ranks. Shortly afterward, through our friend,
Congressman W. W. Boyce, of South Carolina, Clarence
received his commission as midshipman in the Confederate
States navy, and reported for duty in Richmond. From that
time till the end of the war he was in active service
whenever opportunity occurred.</p>
          <p>A fact about the first battle of Manassas told to me by
my husband, years later, as an authentic instance of the
secret history of the war, may be inserted here. A lady in
Washington it was, a member of the family of Mrs. Dolly
Madison, who actually enabled the Confederate generals
to win that important victory in July, 1861, and the
Confederate government, after that success, to muster men
and resources in the South unavailable had we suffered
defeat. The fact was well known and always admitted by
Confederate authorities.</p>
          <p>An impatient expectation was at fever heat in both
North and South. General Scott and his lieutenants were
incessantly urged by his government to move upon the
enemy. The whole Northern press was clamoring
<pb id="harrison54" n="54"/>
“on to Richmond.” “We shall move to-morrow,” was
repeatedly announced from Washington, to be followed,
on the morrow, by the explanation, “The advance is
necessarily delayed for a week, for further preparation.”
By the middle of July, everything seemed to depend for the
South upon concentration of our forces at the exact
moment of advance, before General McDowell could be
reinforced by General Patterson. Until then, her brigades
must be kept widely distributed—General Johnston before
Martinsburg, General Bonham at Fairfax Court House,
General Holmes on the Potomac, near Eastport; a force
that, if assembled, would be greatly outnumbered by
General McDowell's single column.</p>
          <p>To accomplish this end, General Beauregard must know
exactly when McDowell should be ordered to begin his
march of invasion.</p>
          <p>From the lady in Washington this fateful information
came to Confederate head-quarters, carried by a trusty
messenger down the Potomac on the Maryland side, who,
crossing near Dumfries, reached Manassas at the critical
instant, safely arrived with a note, reading as follows:</p>
          <p>“McDowell has certainly been ordered to advance on
the sixteenth. (Signed) R. O. G.”</p>
          <p>The informant's initials and handwriting were recognized,
her statement accepted. Bonham, pulled behind the line of
Bull Run, narrowly escaped his pursuers, who, at noon on
the 17th, marched through what had been his camp.
Holmes was brought up on the right; Johnston was called
down from before Patterson, to arrive in the very nick of
time during the battle of
<pb id="harrison55" n="55"/>
the 21st when the unexpected appearance of his men
threw McDowell's right into confusion, resulting in the
panic and rout of his army.</p>
          <p>So much for a clever woman's use of official information
gained unexpectedly. Not the first time, however, that a
woman's touch has set the pendulum of a nation's fate
aswing!</p>
          <p>My dearest mother was by now well launched in her
hospital nursing at Culpeper Court House, first, among the
many soldiers ill in the Methodist church, and, later, among
the wounded. Her life from this time forward (afterward at
Camp Winder, near Richmond) was of the hardest and
most heroic kind. I have never known any woman
possessed of better qualifications for her task. With a
splendid physique, almost unbroken good health, a tireless
hand, and a spirit of tender sympathy, she was the ideal
attendant upon homesick boys from the far South,
disheartened by illness at the outset of their campaign, as
well as those cruelly mangled and wounded in the first
fights. Almost every comfort we have nowadays in nursing
was absent from the beginning, and toward the last the
hospitals were unspeakably lacking in needfuls. Sleeping on
a soldier's bunk, rising at dawn, laboring till midnight, my
mother faced death and suffering with the stout spirit that
was a rock of refuge to all around her. Her record, in
short, was that of a thousand other saintly women during
that terrible strife. How many dying eyes looked wistfully
into hers; how many anguished hands clung to hers during
operations or upon death-beds! What poor lonely spirits
far from home and kin took courage from her lips, to flutter
feebly out into the vast unknown! What words of Christian
cheer she whispered! what faith, hope, love were
embodied in that tall, noble figure
<pb id="harrison56" n="56"/>
and sweet, sad face moving tirelessly upon her rounds!</p>
          <p>“They call to me all over the church like a set of boys
after their mother,” she wrote me at this time, “and tell me
they should give up and die if I left them,” and then,
characteristically modest, she begs me not to show this
letter to any one. And here, a lifetime intervening, I venture
to disobey her!</p>
          <p>A week after the first battle of Manassas I rode on
horseback with a party over the field, between hill-sides
piled with hecatombs of dead horses and scattered with
hasty graves. The trees and undergrowth were broken and
bullet-riddled. The grass between the scars of upturned
earth was green as if it had known no baptism of fire and
blood, and little wild flowers had already begun to bloom
again, but for obvious reasons we could take but a passing
glimpse. I saw a ghastly semblance of a hand protruding at
one spot, and thought of it when I stood in the crypt of the
Pantheon, in Paris, by the gloomy tomb of Rousseau,
where a skeleton hand holds up from within the bronze
coffin lid of the French philosopher and epoch-maker.</p>
          <p>My mother had arranged for me to stay near her at
Culpeper, at a beautiful old place called Belpré, where I
was most kindly entreated and made one of themselves by
the family. It was my wise mother's desire that I, already
pressing forward into unwonted privilege and eager to
consider myself “a young lady,” should be put back into the
place habitual to immature years, and spend my days in
reading and study. Alas! it was wartime; I had already
tasted the sweets of emancipation; the woods were full of
handsome and delightful officers and privates, eager to be
entertained and heartened for the fray. Like all the other
girls of my acquaintance
<pb id="harrison57" n="57"/>
thereabout, I grew up in a night, and soon there was
plenty of women's work for us!</p>
          <p>Even now, writing of it after so many, many years, I
seem to feel again the pulse of that thrilling time. And it was
here that there came intimately into my life one of its
strongest influences, in the radiant person of my cousin,
Hetty Cary, daughter of my uncle, Wilson Miles Cary, of
Baltimore, my father's elder and only brother. She, with her
younger sister, Jennie, had taken the lead in the secessionist
movement among the young girls in Baltimore, who, having
seen all their best men march across the border to enlist
with the Confederates for the war, relieved their strained
feelings by overt resentment of the Union officers and
troops placed in possession of their city.</p>
          <p>It was Jennie Cary who set Randall's stirring poem of 
“Maryland” to the air of “Lauriger Horatius” (brought to
her by Burton Harrison, when a student at Yale College),
and first sang it with a chorus of her friends in a 
drawing-room in Baltimore. She tells me that the refrain, as
originally printed in the copy of verses cut by them out of a
newspaper, was simply “Maryland!” and that she added
the word “My” in obedience to the exigency of the music.
As the song thus boldly chanted by young Confederate
sympathizers, in a city occupied by their enemy and under
strict martial rule, was to drift over the border, to be caught
eagerly by the troops of the Maryland line, and to echo
down the ages as the most famous battle-song of the
Confederacy, it is fitting that to Miss Jennie Cary should be
awarded all the honor of this achievement. We both sang it
amid a little group of visitors in September, 1861, standing in
the doorway of Captain Sterrett's tent at Manassas, the
men of the Maryland line facing us in
<pb id="harrison58" n="58"/>
the dusk of evening. This was in answer to the request sent
in from the soldiers to their friend, Captain Sterrett, “that
they might hear a woman's voice again.” I can hear now
the swing of that grand chorus, as the men gradually caught
up the refrain and echoed it, and by next day, to our joy
and pride, the whole camp at Manassas was resounding
with “<hi rend="italics">My</hi> Maryland!”</p>
          <p>Miss Hetty Cary, as fearless as she was beautiful, having
incurred the displeasure of the military government of
Baltimore by shaking from the window of her father's home,
while the Union troops marched by it, a Confederate banner
smuggled through the lines, had been warned to leave
Baltimore under penalty of immediate arrest and
transfer to a Northern bastile. The  two sisters, carrying drugs
for the hospitals and uniforms for friends, had run the
blockade with their brother, crossing to join the army through
many perilous adventures, and were now stopping with
friends in Orange, to be ultimately under my mother's
chaperonage. I had always looked up to my cousin, Hetty, as
a young girl is apt to do to an acknowledged belle and beauty
older than herself, with a sort of adoring championship, and as
circumstances were to throw us into the closest intimacy, I
hardly believed in my good fortune, that summer, of going
around with her in the exciting diversions of the hour.</p>
          <p>Lest I be thought over-partial, I will quote an extract
from a newspaper letter describing my cousin to the
readers of the <hi rend="italics">New Orleans Crescent</hi> (which gives also a
fair idea of the liberality of praiseful epithet bestowed by
Southerners upon their elected belles):</p>
          <p>“Look well at her, for you have never seen, and will
probably never see again, so beautiful a woman! Observe
her magnificent form, her rounded arms, her neck
<pb id="harrison59" n="59"/>
and shoulders perfect as if from the sculptor's chisel, her
auburn hair, the poise of her well-shaped head. Saw you
ever such color on woman's cheek? And she is not less
intelligent than beautiful.... She is dressed in pure white. It
is worth a king's ransom, a lifetime of trouble, to look at
one such woman. No wonder Beauregard pronounced her
the most beautiful in that city of lovely women—Baltimore.”</p>
          <p>Such, with variants, was the kind of rhetoric bestowed
on this young lady in her path through life. Perhaps the best
thing I can say of her is that it never spoiled her, that she
was always simple, straightforward, generous, and high-
minded—daring to a fault, but not stooping from her
inheritance of good breeding and gentle womanhood. In
her train, her sister and I enjoyed some merry experiences
of military entertainment that would not otherwise have
come our way. In addition to the already-spoken-of visit to
Manassas, in September of that year—when our party
slept, or rather giggled, half the night, upon layers of
cartridge flannel on the hard floor of a tent, with a row of
hoop-skirts hanging like balloons on the pole overhead,
and soldiers guarding us outside—we enjoyed a dinner
with General Beauregard upon what he called his “last
duck.” On this occasion was organized the troop of the
“Cary Invincibles.” On a scrap of torn blue paper I find
pencilled the list of its officers, including myself as “captain-
general”; Miss Hetty Cary, lieutenant-colonel; Miss Jennie
Cary, first lieutenant, etc., etc., with many dignitaries of the
day placed in inferior positions! Colonel A. S. Barbour and
Colonel H. W. Vandegrift were our military engineers; staff
officers, Colonel W. W. Boyce and Lieutenant P. B.
Hooe; Lieutenant-Colonel William Munford was historian
and bard; the Hon.
<pb id="harrison60" n="60"/>
Mr. Clingman, private secretary; Mr. John Addison, chief
cook; Governor Manning, scribe-general; and the
<hi><foreign lang="fr">vivandière</foreign></hi> was Mr. A. D. Banks.</p>
          <p>To the readers of that ineffable romance, “The Heroine,”
will immediately occur the personnel of the Lady
Cherubina de Willoughby's followers! So much fun grew
out of our organization, and so much wit was lavished
upon it by others, I venture to insert our nonsense here.</p>
          <p>The Cary Invincibles being once bidden to a certain
head-quarters dinner, given on a hot summer's day at a
little roadside cabin near Bull Run, were treated afterward
to the stirring spectacle of a division on the march, defiling
along a red clay road gashed in Virginia soil, thus to be
pictured by me as it appeared to my eager eyes:</p>
          <p>“What was yonder cloud of luminous vapor rolling in—that wave of sound, gathering strength and substance as it
reached the ear? Presently, emerging from the golden mist,
we saw, first, horsemen, pacing leisurely; then caissons and
guns; and after them, rank upon rank of marching men in
gray! And above the dust, banners of scarlet crossed with
blue!” And as they passed our group, some officer,
recognizing us, started a chant, caught up along the line and
rendered into a grand sonorous swing:</p>
          <lg type="verse">
            <l>“She breathes, she burns, she'll come, she'll come </l>
            <l>Maryland! My Maryland!”</l>
          </lg>
          <p>There were our merry hosts, joining in the refrain with
tremendous lung power; and there were we three girls
laughing and crying, at once, in our delight. Who ever
before had the luck, or planned with such consummate
skill, so to entertain guests?</p>
          <pb id="harrison61" n="61"/>
          <p>In the autumn, when my cousins had gone to Albemarle
to visit relatives, we three had the honor of being asked by
the committee of Congress to make the first battle-flags of
the Confederacy after the design finally decided on by
them. It is generally stated by historians that these flags
were constructed from our own dresses, but it is certain we
possessed no wearing apparel in the flamboyant hues of
poppy red and vivid dark blue required. We had a great
search for materials. I had to content myself with a poor
quality of red silk for the field of mine, necessitating an
interlining, which I regretted. I have always been sorry we
did not keep the model sketches, with directions, assigned
to us by the committee which decided the matter, and
delivered by Major A. D. Banks. Our work done, a golden
fringe sewed around each flag (and, in my case, my name
embroidered upon it in golden letters), we were at liberty to
present them as head-quarters banners to our favorite
generals. Miss Hetty Cary, having first choice, sent hers to
General Joseph E. Johnston, Miss Jennie Cary's went to
General Beauregard—serving to drape the coffin of
Beauregard and of Jefferson Davis—and mine to General
Earl Van Dorn, a dashing cavalry leader, for whom was
then predicted great fame and success. I had never seen
Van Dorn, and was rather alarmed at my temerity in
selecting him, but I knew his aide-de-camp, Captain Durant
da Ponté, grandson of the librettist of “Don Giovanni,” and
himself a charming poet. Through Captain da Ponté, I was
emboldened to send off my flag, with the following note.  In
those days, as I have shown, we were in favor of the
flowery style of expressing high sentiment. I transcribe the
correspondence from a newspaper clipping of the period:</p>
          <pb id="harrison62" n="62"/>
          <div3 type="letter">
            <opener>
              <dateline>“CULPEPER COURT HOUSE, VA., 
“NOV. 10,1861.</dateline>
            </opener>
            <p>“Will General Van Dorn honour me by accepting a flag
which I have taken great pleasure in making, and now send
with an earnest prayer that the work of my hand may hold
its place near him as he goes out to a glorious struggle—and, God willing, may one day wave over the re-captured
batteries of my home near the down-trodden Alexandria ?</p>
            <closer><salute>“I am, very respectfully, Genl. Van Dorn's obedient
servant,</salute>
<signed>“CONSTANCE CARY.”</signed></closer>
          </div3>
          <div3 type="letter">
            <opener><dateline>“ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, MANASSAS, 
“NOV. 12, 1861. </dateline>
<salute>“To MISS CONSTANCE CARY, CULPEPER C. H.</salute></opener>
            <p>“<hi rend="italics">Dear Lady</hi>: The beautiful flag made by your hands and
presented to me with the prayer that it should be borne by
my side in the impending struggle for the existence of our
country, is an appeal to me as a soldier as alluring as the
promises of glory; but when you express the hope, in
addition, that it may one day wave over the re-captured
city of your nativity, your appeal becomes a supplication so
beautiful and holy that I were craven-spirited indeed, not to
respond to it with all the ability that God has given me. Be
assured, dear young lady, that it shall wave over your home
if Heaven smiles upon our cause, and I live, and that there
shall be written upon it by the side of your name which it
now bears, ‘Victory, Honor and Independence.’</p>
            <p>“In the meantime, I shall hope that you may be as happy
as you, who have the soul thus to cheer the soldier on to
noble deeds and to victory—should be, and that the
flowers wont to bloom by your window, may bloom
<pb id="harrison63" n="63"/>
as sweetly for you next May, as they ever did, to welcome
you home again.</p>
            <closer><salute>“Very truly and respectfully, dear lady, I am your
humble and obedient servant.</salute>
<signed>“EARL VAN DORN,
<lb/>
“<hi rend="italics">Major-General, P. A. C. S.</hi>”</signed></closer>
          </div3>
          <div3 type="subchapter">
            <p>Captain da Ponté told me that when the flag arrived at
Van Dorn's head-quarters and was adopted into the
division, a young officer sprang up, unsheathed his sword,
and held it hilt downward upon the table, while one after
the other of his comrades clasped the blade; when all
swore a knightly oath to make good the giver's petition,
after which they drank to the flag and to her.</p>
            <p>Ah! well! One may grow old and the snows of
“yesteryear” may have fallen thick over young hearts and
hopes, but one does not forget such scenes or the spirit
that inspired them!</p>
            <p>One day at Culpeper, when I sat sewing with my
mother, I was summoned to see a man who said he “was a
messenger from General Van Dorn.” I found awaiting me,
cap in hand, a huge cavalryman with a bashful boy's face,
who bowed and blushed as I came in, explaining that he
had a note from the general, to be put into my hand only.
The note placed at my disposition Charles Dillon, special
scout and most trustworthy courier, who “might be soon
going into Alexandria, and would bring out, if he had an
order to my friends, anything I had left behind, and
wanted.”</p>
            <p>“Oh! But there's nothing I have, or ever had, worth risk
to a brave soldier,” I made haste to protest. “I've the
general's orders, miss,” he said, “and if it wornt anything
better, I was to get you a little bit of a flower. You're the
lady that made our
<pb id="harrison64" n="64"/>
head-quarters battle-flag, miss, and we think a good bit
of that flag.”</p>
            <p>The end of it was that, ten days later, Dillon brought me
a little wrap of blue and white, one of my girlish treasures,
deeply lamented, which he had secured through a note to
my great-aunts, now removed to Alexandria. He had gone
into the town disguised as a countryman driving a cart-load
of firewood; and what further the big fellow brought away
with him, I never asked.</p>
            <p>Dillon became one of the most famous scouts of the
early war time, achieving a hundred brilliant exploits. He
came to his death, poor fellow, at the hands of a party of
United States cavalrymen, who are said to have cut the
head from his body, leaving him in the woods. For this
horror I cannot vouch. After mentioning him in an article
for the <hi rend="italics">Century Magazine</hi>, I received this letter:</p>
          </div3>
          <div3 type="letter">
            <opener><dateline>“ALLEGHANY, NEW YORK, March 31, 1886. </dateline>
<salute>“MADAM:</salute></opener>
            <p>“In your article, “A Virginia Girl in the First Year of the
War,” published in the August (1885) number of the
<hi rend="italics">Century</hi>, you speak of a famous scout by the name of
Dillon, and when I read it I was filled with a desire to know
if he was not Charles Dillon, a noted Confederate scout
and spy, who lost his life near Burke's Station, Virginia, in
March, 1862. This fellow surely was one of the most
daring, and his body was decently buried by my company.</p>
            <p>“Very likely his comrades never knew his end, his grave
was marked with his name, but the evacuation of
Manassas was begun about that time, and the
Confederates never had possession of that territory
afterwards.
<pb id="harrison65" n="65"/>
The incident of his capture created no little interest at the
time and you may have known of it. If you did not, then I
think if he was the same Dillon who brought you the relics,
you will be interested to know what I have written; and
these thoughts I beg to offer as an apology for the liberty I
take in addressing you.</p>
            <closer><salute>“Very respectfully yours,</salute>
<signed>“H. C. ALTENBURG.”</signed></closer>
          </div3>
          <div3 type="subchapter">
            <p>Strangely enough, I never met General Van Dorn, whose
sphere of military action was soon transferred to the South-west.
My flag went with him through much brilliant service to
the Confederacy in Virginia, in the trans-Mississippi, and the
States of Tennessee and Mississippi. It was torn with bullets
and stained with the smoke of Pea Ridge, Corinth, Iuka,
Holly Springs, and other battle-fields, when, after his death, it
was finally put back into my hands, through the general's
instructions, by his nephew, Captain Clement Sullivan. I have
it now at my house in Washington.</p>
            <p>One of the meetings I prized most was that with Major
Pelham, of Alabama, a young hero, whose name, “the
gallant Pelham,” given to him by General Lee, was already
on every tongue around us. He was on horseback before a
friend's door in Culpeper, waiting till I came out to mount
for a ride somewhere. A slim boy with a dark, sparkling
face is what the splendid Pelham seemed to me in that
brief encounter, followed by a little war of wits. He was
killed in 1863—having just received his promotion as
lieutenant-colonel—in an engagement at Beverley Ford, to
which he had hastened on a borrowed horse while on
furlough, making a visit. Springing to arms at the first sound
of a cannon in his neighborhood, this brilliant
<pb id="harrison66" n="66"/>
young officer, who had passed through so many general
engagements with safety, fell in a terrible fire from the
enemy, and was carried back into Culpeper to the house
of the friends where I first met him, and where his death
occurred.</p>
          </div3>
        </div2>
        <pb id="harrison67" n="67"/>
        <div2 type="chapter">
          <head>CHAPTER IV</head>
          <p>IN the early days of the winter of '62, my mother, wedded
to her beloved hospital work at Culpeper Court House,
sent me to Richmond to be under care of my uncle and
aunt, Dr. and Mrs. Fairfax, who had found quarters in the
Clifton House, a dreary old building, indifferently kept,
honey-combed with subterranean passages suggesting the
romances of Mrs. Radcliffe, where, however, we girls
certainly managed to extract “sunbeams from cucumbers.”
For there my Cary cousins, Hetty and Jennie, arrived from
Charlottesville to join our refugee band,
and the reign of the beautiful Hetty began as, perhaps, chief
of the war beauties of the day. Our cousin, Jennie Fairfax,
was also of our merry group. For want of a sitting-room,
we took possession of what had been a doctor's office, a
little way down the hilly street, communicating with the
hotel by an underground passage, dark as Erebus, through
which, in rainy or snowy weather, we passed by the light of
a bedroom candle. Many a dignitary of State and camp will
recall our Clifton evenings. Several times we gave suppers
to which we contributed only a roast turkey, a ham, and
some loaves of bread, with plates and knives and forks. It
was an amusing sight to see a major-general come in
hugging a bottle of brandied peaches, and a member of
Congress carrying his quota of sardines and French prunes.
At these feasts there was a democratic commingling of
officers and “high-privates.”
<pb id="harrison68" n="68"/>
To the latter, it was part of our creed always to dispense
our best smiles and tidbits. So great was the rush of visitors
that our mulatto attendant, Cornelius, dubbed “the
Centurion,” was kept from striking for liberty only by much
cajolery and frequent small tips.</p>
          <p>Of the town gayeties that winter I recall a fancy-dress
party at the McMurdo's, in Grace Street. One of the
daughters, Miss Saidee McMurdo, an exquisite creature
with large dark eyes and arched brows, married Mr.
Alfred Rives, of Albemarle, and became the mother of
Amélie Rives, the author, now Princess Troubetskoi (Mrs.
Rives has died since these words were written). This was
my first “real” party in Richmond, and my mother being in
town on a rest furlough, she made up for me, with her own
dear fingers, the costume of a Louis XV court lady, styled
“Mme. la Marquise de Crêve-Cœur,” decided upon chiefly
because of a stiff old petticoat of wine-colored reps silk
found in some family trunk. Shopping diligently, she had
found spangles for my shoes and fan; feathers for the 
high-rolled powdered hair were lent from some one's store;
mask, pearl necklace, and old blonde lace were
forthcoming, and my kind uncle cut out from court-plaster
a coach and horses, by way of a patch of the period, for
the cheek. What the other girls wore I selfishly can't
remember!</p>
          <p>The first event to bring all patriotic Richmond into the
streets that winter was the inauguration of our President,
Jefferson Davis, on February 22, 1862. We were asked to
witness the ceremony from a window of the Virginia State
Library in the Capitol by our friend, Mr. John R.
Thompson, the librarian-in-chief, and were entertained,
while awaiting events, with the latest Northern papers,
<hi rend="italics">Harper's Weekly</hi> and others, together
<pb id="harrison69" n="69"/>
with the extraordinary apparition of a box of French
bonbons just arrived by underground express.</p>
          <p>It was a dismal day, depressing to stoutest spirits, rain
falling heavily, and Capitol Square beneath us one mass of
open umbrellas. When the poor wet bishop and the
President-elect came upon the stand, there was an
immediate, portentous hush in the crowd. One heard
nothing but the patter of the winter rain. The brief
ceremony over, when President Davis kissed the book,
accepting, under God, the great trust of our young and
struggling nation, a great shout went up and we distinctly
heard cries of “God bless our President!” That evening
President and Mrs. Davis received at their residence,
making a most favorable impression upon all Richmond.</p>
          <p>We had been hearing a good deal of the inner life of the
President's family from a young inmate of his household
destined to play an important part in my life thereafter. This
was Burton Norvell Harrison, born in Louisiana, of Virginia
parentage on the father's side, who, at the instance of his
friend, Congressman L. Q. C. Lamar, had been summoned
by the President to be his private secretary at the moment
when Mr. Harrison was about to enlist in New Orleans as
a private in the ranks of the Washington Artillery. Mr.
Harrison, having graduated at Yale in the class of 1859, had
been designated by President F. A. P. Barnard, then of
Oxford University, in Mississippi (whose first wife was Mr.
Harrison's aunt), to occupy a junior professorship in that
institution, and had remained there until the outbreak of the
war.</p>
          <p>During vacations from Yale spent with his uncle, the
Rev. Dr. William Francis Brand, rector of St. Mary's
Church, near Emmorton, Maryland, Mr. Harrison had
made friends with my Baltimore cousins, who were
<pb id="harrison70" n="70"/>
intimate with the Brand family; but I had never chanced to
meet the much-praised young Yalensian, whom the Cary
girls had vaunted until I declared myself aweary of his
name. It was at the Clifton House, where Mr. Harrison
came to call upon my cousins, that our acquaintance
began.</p>
          <p>We were all interested in what Burton Harrison had to
say of the Davises. Every one knew the traditions of Mrs.
Jefferson Davis, as handed down from her career as a
senator's wife in Washington, in the administrations of
Pierce and Buchanan. She was declared to be a woman of
warm heart and impetuous tongue, witty and caustic, with a
sensitive nature underlying all; a devoted wife and mother,
and most gracious mistress of a salon. Miss Margaret
Howell, the exceedingly clever sister of Mrs. Davis,
afterward Mme. de Stœurs, of England, was the young
lady of the Richmond White House; and it is safe to say that
no wittier talk was ever bandied over the teacups in any
land than passed daily between the several bright spirits thus
assembled at the President's table. Mrs. Davis had been
somewhat depressed, on the day of the inauguration, by an
arrangement for her progress to Capitol Square made by
her negro coachman. When they set out, at a snail's pace,
she observed, walking solemnly and with faces of unbroken
gloom, on either side of her carriage, four negroes in black
clothes, wearing gloves of white cotton. Demanding
impatiently of the coachman what in the world this
performance meant, she was informed: “This, madam, is the
way we always does in Richmond at funerals and sich-like.”
Mrs. Davis, telling the story inimitably that evening, said she
was almost grieved to have to “order the pall-bearers
away,” so proud were they of their dignified position.</p>
          <pb id="harrison71" n="71"/>
          <p>Concerning the affairs, big or little, of “The Chief,” Mr.
Harrison was wont to preserve continual discreet silence.
He would say only that the President had the happiest
relations with his family, by whom he was revered,
incidentally remarking that to accompany the chief on
horseback, always his duty, together with some of the
aides, was to sit in the saddle indefinitely, in good or bad
weather alike, never knowing when they were to bring up
at home again, and keeping Mrs. Davis in continual
uncertainty as to her dinner-hour, to say nothing of her
husband's fate. A familiar and picturesque figure was
President Davis in the streets of Richmond from that day
forth. From “Richmond Scenes in '62,” published in
“Battles and Leaders of the Civil War,” I reproduce my
sketch of him, which, since it was edited by my husband, I
feel may be regarded as of some worth:</p>
          <p>“He might be seen daily walking through the Capitol
Square from his residence to the executive office in the
morning, not to return until late in the afternoon; or riding
just before nightfall to visit one or another of the
encampments near the city. He was tall, erect, slender, and
of a dignified and soldierly bearing, with clear-cut and 
high-bred features, and of a demeanor of stately courtesy to all.
He was clad always in Confederate gray cloth, and wore a
soft felt hat with wide brim. Afoot, his step was brisk and
firm; in the saddle he rode admirably and with a martial
aspect. His early life had been spent in the Military
Academy at West Point and upon the then north-western
frontier in the Black Hawk War, and he afterward greatly
distinguished himself at Monterey and Buena Vista in
Mexico; at the time when we knew him everything in his
appearance and manner was suggestive of military training.
He was reported 
<pb id="harrison72" n="72"/>
to feel quite out of place in the office of President,
with executive and administrative duties, in the midst of
such a war; General Lee always spoke of him as the best
of military advisers; his own inclination was to be with the
army, and at the first tidings of the sound of a gun,
anywhere within reach of Richmond, he was in the saddle
and off for the spot—to the dismay of his staff-officers,
who never knew at what hour of the night or of the next
day they should get back to bed or to a meal.”</p>
          <p>The stories Burton Harrison told us of his adventures on
such excursions were many, and sometimes amusing. For
instance, when General Lee crossed the Chickahominy,
President Davis, with several staff-officers and his
secretary, overtook the column, and, with the secretary of
war and a few other non-combatants, forded the river just
as the battle of Mechanicsville began. General Lee,
surrounded by members of his own staff and other officers,
was found a few hundred yards north of the bridge, in the
middle of the broad road, mounted and busily engaged in
directing the attack then about to be made by a brigade
sweeping in line over the fields, to the east of the road and
toward Ellerson's Mill, where in a few minutes a hot
engagement commenced. Shot, from the enemy's guns out
of sight, went whizzing overhead in quick succession,
striking every moment nearer the group of horsemen in the
road as the gunners improved their range. General Lee
observed the President's approach, and was evidently
annoyed at what he considered a foolhardy expedition of
needless exposure of the head of the government, whose
duties were elsewhere. He turned his back for a moment,
until Colonel Chilton had been despatched at a gallop with
the last
<pb id="harrison73" n="73"/>
direction to the commander of the attacking brigade; then,
facing the cavalcade and looking like the god of war
indignant, he exchanged with the President a salute, with
the most frigid reserve of anything like welcome or
cordiality. Then without allowance of opportunity for a
word from the President, the general, looking not at him
but at the assemblage at large, asked in a tone of irritation:</p>
          <p>“Who are all this army of people, and what are they
doing here?”</p>
          <p>No one moved or spoke, but all eyes were upon the
President; everybody perfectly understood that this was an
order for him to retire to a place of safety, while the roar of
the guns, the rattling fire of musketry, and the bustle of a
battle in progress, with troops continually arriving across the
bridge to go into action, went on. The President twisted in
his saddle, quite taken aback at