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Electronic Edition.</title>
        <author>Wilmington Chamber of Commerce (N.C.) </author>
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            <title type="cover"> Wilmington, North Carolina, Up-to-Date.</title>
            <title type="title page"> Wilmington Up-to-Date: The Metropolis of North Carolina Graphically Portrayed. Compiled under the Auspices of the Chamber of Commerce. Also a series of Comprehensive Sketches of Representative Business Enterprises.</title>
            <author>Wilmington Chamber of Commerce (N.C.) </author>
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            <date>1902.</date>
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    <front>
      <div1 type="title page">
        <p>
          <figure id="cover" entity="wilmcv">
            <p>[Cover Image]</p>
          </figure>
        </p>
      </div1>
      <div1 type="title page">
        <p>
          <figure id="title" entity="wilmtp">
            <p>[Title Page Image]</p>
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        </p>
      </div1>
      <titlePage>
        <docTitle>
          <titlePart type="main">WILMINGTON UP-TO-DATE. <lb/> THE METROPOLIS OF NORTH CAROLINA <lb/> GRAPHICALLY PORTRAYED.</titlePart>
          <titlePart type="main">COMPILED UNDER THE AUSPICES OF <lb/> THE CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.</titlePart>
          <titlePart type="main">—ALSO— <lb/> A SERIES OF COMPREHENSIVE SKETCHES OF REPRESENTATIVE <lb/> BUSINESS ENTERPRISES.</titlePart>
        </docTitle>
        <docImprint><pubPlace>WILMINGTON, N. C;</pubPlace>
<publisher>W. L. De ROSSET, Jr., Printer.</publisher><publisher> I. J. ISAACS, Compiler.</publisher>
<docDate>1902.</docDate></docImprint>
      </titlePage>
      <div1 type="frontis">
        <pb id="p2" n="2"/>
        <p>
          <figure id="frontis" entity="wilmfp">
            <p>NEW HANOVER COUNTY COURT HOUSE.<lb/>[Frontispiece Image]</p>
          </figure>
        </p>
      </div1>
    </front>
    <body>
      <div1 type="section">
        <pb id="p3" n="3"/>
        <head>Wilmington, N. C., <lb/> Up-to-date.</head>
        <p>Progressive cities have never been the result of accident, but in variably their development has been the outgrowth of natural and artificial conditions very clearly defined and unquestionable in their existence and influences.</p>
        <p>The most important natural conditions are salubrity of climate, convenient geographical position, fertility of soil in the adjacent agricultural region, and particularly accessibility to navigable waters—for all history bears witness that no populous and prosperous community ever flourished without commerce, and hitherto, at least, commerce has always been dependent upon riparian communication with the outside world. The climate of our city is a delightful one at all seasons, the killing blasts of winter so much dreaded by the inhabitants of less favored regions being practically unknown, while the heat of midsummer is tempered by the cooling breezes of the ocean. Here we are free from the sudden and dangerous changes of climate common to most latitudes. No locality in the Union has a more equable climate or one where the seasons glide more imperceptably into each other. Rarely ever do we hear of a case of sunstroke and we never have a freezing temperature in winter to extend over a few days. Our breezes come to us tempered by the waters of the Gulf, whose stream journeys within a few miles of our shores on its way to exert an equally beneficial influence upon the coasts of Great Britain and Northwestern Europe.</p>
        <p>It is not our mission in these pages to devote any space to details connected with the early history of Wilmington. Our business is not with the past, but with the present, with living men and their daily occupations, enterprises and successes, what they are doing for themselves, their city and district in commerce, manufacturers and agriculture and in contributing to the advancement and progress of the locality.</p>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>Location and Climatic.</head>
          <p>Wilmington, the metropolis of the State, is located on the banks of the Cape Fear River, thirty miles from its entrance to the sea and eleven miles west from the seashore in latitude 34° 14 N., longitude 77° 57 W., and at an elevation of 38 feet above sea level. Next to the river is a gently rolling surface, on which the city is located, which permits of easy drainage and the carrying off of all impurities from the soil. The equability of temperature and precipitation from year to
<pb id="p4" n="4"/>
year and the freedom from excessive heat and cold shows the adaptability of the climate for the successful carrying on of all branches of human endeavor. The average temperature for the year at Wilmington is 63 degreess. The lowest temperature recorded was five above zero in February, 1901. The warmest month of the year is July and it has a normal temperature of 80°, the highest having been reached
<figure id="ill2" entity="wilm004"><p>ST. JAMES' EPISCOPAL CHURCH.</p></figure>
103° and the lowest 58° for the same month, the mean temperature for July ranging from 77° to 84° in different years. The humidity even during the hottest months is below the average and in the afternoon of each day there is almost invariably a refreshing breeze, which invigorates humanity and renders sleep easy and recuperating. The normal rainfall for the year during a period of twenty-five years is 54 inches. The heaviest rainfall occurs in the summer months in connection with the time of greatest heat produces a luxuriant vegetation
<pb id="p5" n="5"/>
and affords moisture to crops when most needed. In the spring there are moderate rainfalls, which are very beneficial to truck and strawberry growers. As a rule the precipitation is regular and can be depended upon, although, of course, there have been times when all calulations have gone astray. Last year was an abnormal one, the heaviest amount of rain having then fallen almost within the recollection of the oldest inhabitant. There is very little snow and it seldom remains on the ground longer than a few hours, and a damaging frost is a very
<figure id="ill3" entity="wilm005"><p>MR. R. R. BELLAMY'S RESIDENCE.</p></figure>
rare occurrence. There is very little danger of injury to trucking interests from frost, indeed no more so than in localities hundreds of miles south, the ocean and the river helping much to modify low temperatures.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>A City of Homes.</head>
          <p>This designation can hardly be improved upon, for, after admiring the handsome houses of the well-to-do, the eye of the visitor will rest with pleasure upon the homes of the working man, the clerk and the young business man, miles of our thoroughfares being lined with neat, but inexpensive houses often owned by the occupant. This is exemplified by the fact that in the principal residential district seventy-eight per cent. of the houses occupied are the property of those living in them. Land has never been held at fancy prices and the reasonable price at which the above classes have been able to experience the great boon of owning their own domiciles have advanced the welfare of the city and have created a class of citizens who are content and are bound up with the interests of the community. The real estate men, savings bank and building associations have done much to render possible this
<pb id="p6" n="6"/>
state of affairs, and no man of limited means who is steady and industrious need be without his own home in Wilmington, for any length of time if he so desires.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>Opportunities for Manufacturing.</head>
          <p>A good place to manufacture successfully is evidently at a point where the raw materials accumulate or where they can be procured advantageously, and where at the same time there are ample facilities for sending the product to market. Wilmington, in a large measure and for certain branches of production, may be said to furnish these conditions. Situated at a focal point of three great systems of railroads and with convenient river and ocean water communication, connecting the locality with the markets of the United States and also with foreign countries, contiguous to great timber and lumber producing regions, and furthermore, being a great center of distribution for agricultural
<figure id="ill4" entity="wilm006"><p>CITY HALL AND OPERA HOUSE.</p></figure>
products, material can with facility accumulate here. Opportunities are presented in Wilmington to the manufacturer in certain lines of a much more advantageous character than are offered by larger cities, inasmuch that while in most respects equal conditions are at hand, the cost of living and labor and, therefore, production is lower at the same time that suitable and convenient sites are available at comparatively little cost. Wilmington and its inhabitants are prepared to welcome any who may purpose to make this city the seat of their operations and to lend them every assistance which is in their power. The manufacturer who comes here will find everything provided for the successful operation of his enterprise and a helping hand will be extended him by every citizen of the community. In brief, some of the general advantages of Wilmington are:</p>
          <p>1st. <hi rend="italics">It is located on one of the most fertile and productive regions of</hi> the United States and one of the most thriving sections of the South.</p>
          <pb id="p7" n="7"/>
          <p>2nd. <hi rend="italics">It possesses admirable railroad facilities, connecting it directly</hi> with the entire country and opening up all parts for its products and for obtaining raw material.</p>
          <p>3rd. <hi rend="italics">It has a good system of steamboat lines, which ply on the water</hi> ways tributary to this port, bringing here from adjacent territory agricultural and other products, returning with merchandise to supply the wants of these localities.</p>
          <p>4th. <hi rend="italics">It has ocean communication with all parts of the world and</hi> two regular lines of steamships to New York. bringing the city into close and intimate contact with the principal ports of the Old and New Worlds.</p>
          <p>
            <figure id="ill5" entity="wilm007">
              <p>ARMORY WILMINGTON LIGHT INFANTRY.</p>
            </figure>
          </p>
          <p>5th. <hi rend="italics">It is in direct and contiguous connection both by land and water</hi> with the great lumber and bituminous coal regions of this and adjoining states.</p>
          <p>6th. <hi rend="italics">It has a complete system of electric cars in operation. The city</hi> is well lighted with gas and electricity and is efficiently policed and guarded against fire. The fire department of the city is particularly efficient, securing to residents the lowest insurance rates.</p>
          <p>7th. <hi rend="italics">The local government is now based upon strict ideas of econo</hi>my consistent with safe and secure progress and the spirit of the people is decidedly in favor of every measure to make the rate of taxation low, while at the same time, all real improvements are well supported.</p>
          <p>8th. <hi rend="italics">The public school system is among the best in the South and af</hi>fords excellent opportunities and facilities. The social advantages here are numerous, the tone of society healthy and the general morals
<pb id="p8" n="8"/>
of the community will compare favorably with any city North or South.</p>
          <p>9th. <hi rend="italics">The cost of living here is much lower than in most cities of the</hi> South.</p>
          <p>10th. <hi rend="italics">The surroundings are delightful. The climate cannot be ex</hi>-celled. There are no epidemics, the locality is generally free from prevailing sickness, and the sanitary precautions are enlightened and vigilant. Recently a complete modern system of sewerage has been introduced, enhancing materially the healthfulness of the city.</p>
          <p>11th. <hi rend="italics">Available sites for manufacturing are in plenty and are low</hi> in price, and residential property is obtainable upon advantageous terms.</p>
          <p>But few places in the South offer within certain lines better inducements to the large and small manufacturer than does Wilmington
<figure id="ill6" entity="wilm008"><p>MR. JAMES SPRUNT'S RESIDENCE.</p></figure>
at the present time. The inhabitants of this section are, as a rule, of the better class of the South, being made up of industrious and thrifty people, who are willing to work in any congenial field that offers. This city is the natural trading center for a large expanse of country, and the locality is noted for the production of cotton, peanuts, rice, vegetables, corn, fruits, lumber, pine products, etc., which are brought here to be shipped to all parts of the world. But there is room for expansion, and Wilmington's capital, though hitherto ample, has its limit, and some of the older capitalists have been trained to certain pursuits and may not be fitted for a change, hence the opportunities should be filled principally by incoming investors domiciled among us, who will find the local business men and capitalists ready to join hands with skillful and experienced managers. The question has been asked what can advantageously be manufactured at Willmington. The answer is everything for which the raw material can readily and economically be brought here, or is at our doors. There is no reason why we should not make here certain goods for our people as well and as cheaply as in the North. Southern products for the South should be and will be the legend of the future.</p>
          <pb id="p9" n="9"/>
          <p>More manufactories are needed to work up the crude materials that could be obtained from home centers or imported from foreign countries. Many artificial necessities for use and ornament which hold an important place in the economy of modern arts and invention could be profitably made here. Wilmington is the city of all others where the finest grades of furniture, which are now imported fron northwestern cities chiefly, could and should be manufactured at the least cost. No city on the continent has superior facilities for importing mahogany,
<figure id="ill7" entity="wilm009"><p>GRACE METHODIST CHURCH.</p></figure>
rosewood and other rare woods from Central America, as well as chestnut, popular, ash, hickory, cedar, maple, walnut, etc., from the forests of western North Carolina. In addition, the yellow pine of this section admits of a finish equal to any and the supply is inexhaustible.</p>
          <p>The same advantage is held in regard to manufactories for all kinds of wooden ware, such as buckets, tubs, bread bowls, rolling pins, wash boards and a thousand other useful household articles made of wood. An establishment of this sort would pay from the very start. Almost every vessel that touches this port from New York or Baltimore has consignments of this class of goods to be distributed from
<pb id="p10" n="10"/>
here within the territory dependent for its supplies on this city. Here also is an unoccupied field and never failing market for all sorts of implements used in the cultivation of cotton, rice and farm products.</p>
          <p>In the category of needs may also be included shoe last and shoe peg factories, shoe blacking and inks, axe and axe handle, boot and shoe factories, stucco, hydraulic cement and drain pipe works, factories
<figure id="ill8" entity="wilm010"><p>MARKET STREET LOOKING WEST.</p></figure>
for turning out carriages, buggies, phaetons, plantation, transfer and express wagons, trucks, push carts, railroad and garden barrows, etc. There are at all times to be gathered in Wilmington waste cotton, rags, jute and fibrous plants suitable for the manufacture of paper cordage, etc.</p>
          <p>As a lumber market this city has splendid advantages, and furnishes the material for all kinds of lumber products. In short, there
<pb id="p11" n="11"/>
is ample room in Wilmington and extraordinary inducements in Wilmington for the investment of capital and skilled labor in manufactories of almost every conceivable kind and description.</p>
          <p>Several important manufacturing enterprises have been inaugurated here within the past few years and have met with a gratifying measure of success.</p>
          <p>
            <figure id="ill9" entity="wilm011">
              <p>FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.</p>
            </figure>
          </p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>Lumber and Shingles.</head>
          <p>The lumber and kindred interest of Wilmington may be said to rank among the first in the importance and volume of transactions effected. Throughout this and neighboring states there are vast lands upon which the supply of standing timber is enormous. There are hundreds of mills in operation throughout this territory and much of their product is shipped to this city or is marketed through the efforts of the timber agents here, or in other cases, the lumber is manufactured in Wilmington and shipped to all parts. During the year 1901 the amount of lumber shipped from here was 42,695,644 feet, of
<pb id="p12" n="12"/>
which 33,316,447 feet went coastwise, the remainder, 9,379,197 feet, being dispatched to foreign countries. This, however, does not represent the whole of Wilmington's lumber trade, large quantities being sold through the agency of Wilmington houses and dispatched direct to destinations from the mills. In shingles, 5,614,940 were shipped to domestic points and 1,161,950 went abroad. The lumber trade of
<figure id="ill10" entity="wilm012"><p>FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH.</p></figure>
Wilmington is not by any means dependent upon the home demand, large quantities going as will be seen above, to foreign countries. The long leaf yellow pine and short leaf pine, are the principal varieties handled and there are the best varieties for all kinds of building material and house finish, and are particularly well suited to the foreign demand. Lumber, timber and shingles are shipped from Wilmington to the West Indies and South and Central America, the ships returning
<pb id="p13" n="13"/>
loaded with molaseses, fruits and other products of these countries.</p>
          <p>It may not be out of place to mention here that the price of lumber for home demand is very reasonable, an important item in the general welfare. The best of dressed pine may be obtained here at from $10 to $20 per thousand feet, and common dressed from $3 to $8, and shingles at $1.50 to $8 per thousand, and native hard woods at a proportionately low rate. There is also a large sash, door and blind factory here and these products are dealt in by some of the local merchants. We might also mention that other building materials are quite reasonable and serve to stimulate the building trade generally. New settlers will find every facility which will enable them to erect any description of building or dwelling house under conditions which will compare favorably with many other localties.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>Cotton.</head>
          <p>The trade in cotton here is of very great importance and Wilmington stands today well up in the list of cotton exporting ports of the country, taking, as we believe, the fourth place. Wilmington is the natural outlet for a wide expanse of territory, being well served by the railroad system centering here. There are two compresses at Wilmington,
<figure id="ill11" entity="wilm013"><p>COTTON SHIP LOADING FOR EXPORT AT CHAMPION COMPRESS. SEE PAGE 53.</p></figure>
one of them among the most important and complete in its equipment in the world. Ships are loaded up here and dispatched to all parts, notably, Liverpool, Bremen and Ghent. Most of the cotton coming here goes foreign, some, however, supplies the home manufacturers. During the year ending December 31, 1901, there were shipped from Wilmington 247,457 bales of cotton, of which 222,926 bales were shipped to foreign countries. In 1900 the foreign shipments were 257,504 bales, for 1899, 226,792, for 1898, 318,450, for 1897, 249,374, and for 1896, 213,558 bales.</p>
          <p>There are two cotton mills in operation here, employing together about 600 or 650 operatives. The spindles operated here are the equivalent of about 23,000 in number, and of the looms, about 1,000. These mills turn out some 5,000 pounds of cotton goods daily, consisting
<pb id="p14" n="14"/>
mainly of madras and seersucker cloths and cotton flannels. The goods are of the very best quality of their various grades, and find a ready market in Northern localities.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>Manufacturing Industries.</head>
          <p>Manufacturing in Wilmington, although not assuming at the present time as extensive dimensions as is desirable, is, nevertheless, of a highly important character. First of all, there are the cotton factories and the lumber mills, which have been referred to elsewhere under the headings of lumber and cotton. In addition there are two iron working establishments, which not only supply the home demands, but execute work throughout this and the neighboring states. A large cotton seed and cotton oil plant is also in operation here. There is also an important bag factory, which makes overalls for working men. A new enterprise for the production of brick by an improved German system is now in operation. Another industry here is pine products, made from the sap and heart of the pine tree. There are also two paint factories doing a large business through a wide range of territory and an extensive house devoted to the business of wood distilling and refining. One of the largest fertilizer plants of the South is located in the vicinity of the city, and there is also another a few miles distant, which, however, has its headquarters here. There are two ice plants here, which render the city totally independent for its supply of this vital necessity. There is one of the most extensive marble and granite works to be found in this section of the South. Other articles made here and in the vicinity are boats, barrels and cooperage, crates for shipping, packing cases and boxes, house finish, store, bank, and hard wood finish, brick, upholstery, carriages, harness and saddlery, confectionery, proprietary medicines, dyed cotton for yarns, fish oil and fish scrap, corn meal and hominy, photo engravings, corn whiskey, fibre products, shirts, shuttle blocks, etc.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>Farming and Trucking.</head>
          <p>The country within a fifty-mile radius of Wilmington is offering today the greatest inducements to the farmer, and fruit and vegetable growers than almost any section of the United States. Here can be obtained at a relatively moderate price, lands of the greatest fertility needing little, if any, artificial fertilizing in the heart of a country which is steadily progressing. In no part of the United States are thrift and industry better rewarded. Fruits and vegetables can be raised here at as great a profit as in Texas, or even California, and at the same time, in addition, they are three or four days nearer to a profitable market. Early vegetables grown here and strawberries yield the best returns, and general farming has also proved a thorough success. The locality has the best of railroad facilities and all parts of it are being settled by desirable and industrious people from the North and elsewhere. The general surface of the country is sufficiently above the mean tide level to afford good drainage. The soil varies somewhat in different localities, consisting, however, mainly of a sandy loam, which is very fertile and suited to the growth of any crop which it is desirable to cultivate. By reason of the proximity of the Gulf stream an ample
<pb id="p15" n="15"/>
and seasonable rainfall is generally assured. Good clear water can be had at a depth of from fifteen to twenty feet in most localities. In addition unlimited supplies of the purest water is obtained from artesian wells sunk to varying depths as may arise. The climate of the Carolina Coast country is unexcelled in America. The winds coming inland templer the heat of summer and the cold of winter rendering the
<figure id="ill12" entity="wilm015"><p>LETTUCE BED IN SUBURB OF WILMINGTON.</p></figure>
climate more equable and free from the sudden transitions of temperature found further north and west. It seldom goes above ninety or ninety-five in summer or below twenty-five in winter, <hi rend="italics">the latter very seldom,</hi> while the ocean breeze makes it refreshing even in the warmest days of midsummer. The nights are deliciously cool, the country is healthful, and pulmonary diseases gain little if any foothold here.</p>
          <pb id="p16" n="16"/>
          <p>Farming and especially trucking, either on an important or smaller scale, can be prosecuted here under the most favorable conditions. Taking value and prospective advancement into consideration land may be purchashed here per acre ranging say, from $25 close to the city to as low as $5 a few miles distant. The chief crops raised in this vicinity for shipment are lettuce, strawberries, beets, potatoes, cantelope tomatoes, peas, beans, asparagus, celery, cauliflower, squash, sweet potatoes, etc. Five different crops are frequently produced annually on the same land, in the following order: First, asparagus, then radishes, third, turnips; fourth, beans; fifth, cow peas. Two are three crops of the same kind can be grown on the same land yearly without exhausting the soil or apparently lessening its fertility. Strawberries have met with the greatest success, and are the pride of the country. They are greatly in favor with new settlers, bringing a fair return the first season after planting. Strawberries are generally ready for the market here about the middle of April, going through on express time to New York in 24 hours and to Boston in 36 hours. They are of the richest aroma and most delicious taste, and invariably bring to their owners large profits. There is no difficulty in disposing of them, a ready market being available for all that it is possible to grow. Ten years ago strawberries were sent to destination mostly without refrigeration, and therefore did not admit of very wide distribution, as they had to be consumed quickly to avoid spoilage. By the refrigerator transportation a very dlfferent state of affairs exists. They now arrive at market firm, fresh and cold, and can be sent to localities impossible before. North Carolina strawberries and other products may now be seen exposed for sale in cities as far distant as Montreal and Toronto, thus better prices can be assured than hitherto. We believe that this business in this section is but in its infancy, and opportunities are at hand to all able and willing to grasp them. Strawberry lands in this vicinity if properly managed will yield an average of from 100 to 150 crates an acre. To emphasize the growth of the business we append some statistics relative to the shipment of strawberries from Wilmington during the past few years: In 1897 there were dispatched from Wilmington in refrigerator cars 110,404 crates; in 1898, 189,758 crates; in 1899, 228,589 crates; in 1900, 283,437 crates, and in 1901, when the climate conditions were not quite at the normal, 331,360 crates, equivalent to 10,903,520 quarts of the fruit. These were sent to all parts of Pennsylvania, New York, New England and elsewhere. In addition to the above, some 55,000 crates were sent without refrigeration by express to various locations.</p>
          <p>The proportions and size of the strawberry crop in this territory such as to necessitate a wide area of distribution, and as showing the accessibility of this particular section to the principal markets of the country, the Carolina Fruit and Truck Growers' Journal, of Wilmington, recently published in tabulated form the shipments from every point in the district, showing the points covered by these shipment to be as follows: New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Newark, N. J., Washington, Wilmington, Del., Boston, Providence, Springfield, Mass., New Haven, Conn., Hartford, Conn., Cincinnati, Buffalo, Pittsburg, Cleveland, Chicaga, Detroit, Columbus, O., Indianapolis, Scranton,
<pb id="p17" n="17"/>
Toledo, Erie, Pa., Montreal, Toronto, Worcester, Mass., Albany, Syracuse, Elmira, N. Y., Wheeling, Utica, N. Y., Grand Rapids, Mich., Danbury, Conn., Wilkesbarre, Pa., Pittsfield, Mass., Atlanta, Reading, Pa., Altoona, Pa., Binghampton, N. Y., Rochester, N. Y., Jamestown, N. Y., Attica, N. Y., Norwich, Conn., Ithica, N. Y., Brooklyn,
<figure id="ill13" entity="wilm017"><p>PICKING STRAWBERRIES NEAR WILMINGTON.</p></figure>
Bridgeport, Conn., Canandaigua, N. Y., Auburn, N. Y., Hornellesville, N. Y., Waterbury, Conn., Watertown, Conn., Cortland, N. Y., Savannah, Ansonia, Conn., and Oneonto, Pa.</p>
          <p>Lettuce is another crop which has met with the greatest success in this section. Fifteen years ago no lettice was raised around here either in open field or under cloth cover. The lettuce is generally grown under canvass in winter and in the open in fall or spring. Lettuce is a
<pb id="p18" n="18"/>
spring and winter crop, and always brings high prices. A careful grower can generally obtain from $250 to $300 from an acre.</p>
          <p>Fifty-five lettuce beds on the famous Sans Souci truck farm, two miles from Wilmington, are each from 100 to 180 yards long, the plants filling every inch of space between the frames. The beds are
<figure id="ill14" entity="wilm018"><p>FIELD OF SWEET POTATOES.</p></figure>
all under canvas and cover an area of seven acres. The crop commences moving in December at the rate of a carload per day, and reaches northern markets at a time when it is in demand, and brings good prices. The season extends to about the 15th of April or the 1st of May. Radishes are also a good and lucrative crop and are ready to ship in thirty to thirty-five days after the seeds are planted. Asparagus is also a bountiful crop, and celery is successfully cultivated. Garden
<pb id="p19" n="19"/>
peas yield about $100 to the acre, and wax beans about the same. Two crops of cabbages can be raised regularly and each crop is worth $150 to the acre. Irish potatoes are profitable, and well looked after yield about from 150 to 200 bushels to the acre. A good crop is sweet potatoes, especially suitable for a new settler. They can be easily
<figure id="ill15" entity="wilm019"><p>TRAIN OF REFRIGERATOR CARS LOADING WITH STRAWBERRIES FOR THE NORTH.</p></figure>
grown, and at 75 cents a bushel, at which price they now sell, will yield about $250 to the acre. Plums, grapes, peaches, pears, etc., do very well in the bottom lands and on the Sound and on all the territory tributary to the Sound. There is a good market for these products right in this territory, and shipped abroad. Among other crops raised around Wilmington are peanuts, which yield profitable returns. The market for these is here on the spot, some half a dozen or more
<pb id="p20" n="20"/>
large shippers of these products being always willing to buy all that they can obtain. Melons grow easily in this section and are prolific producers; cantelopes of the most delicious flavor are very successful and command good prices. Stock fattening for the market is now carried on by a company in Wilmington, who at all times have at least 500 head of cattle awaiting the butcher. Cotton seed meal and hulls furnish nutritious and economical feed for this purpose. In the low lands is grown abundance of what is known as crab grass, among the best suited for feed for stock. Briefly, we may say that almost all products, fruits and vegetables that can be grown in temperate and subtropical climates may be produced here under the most favorable conditions. Another great advantage to the trucker in this section is the complete transportation facilities. The Atlantic Coast Line and the Seaboard Air Line and their branches have kept fully abreast with the times and furnish the truckers with the finest fast freight and express transportation in refrigerator cars to be obtained anywhere. To further assist the farmer and trucker in bringing his products to market, the county has just completed eight miles of macadamized roads and has issued bonds for building twenty-five miles more. This will afford four or five different routes of cheap wagon transport to the city. Thousands of farmers in New England and in the North and West who are barely making a living on their worn out lands, with long, cold winters to endure, may soon achieve competence in North Carolina, and especially the coast section of the State in growing strawberries, lettuce and other fruits and early vegetables. The lands here are cheap, easily worked, the climate is a most grateful one, the markets are easy of access and the prices obtainable are high. Now is the time to come here and partake of the opportunities and blessings which a beneficent Providence has endowed this country, before prices go much higher, as they are certain to do in the near future. Another thing that should be taken into consideration is that this district is no wilderness, schools for the young abound under State direction and supervision, churches are numerous and all the refinements of civilization are at hand. Hardware and building material can be purchased as cheap here as anywhere; lumber is particularly reasonable, and suitable help can be obtained here with facility and is much lower than where only white help can be procured. Intending home-seekers would do well to consider the above facts and make further investigation. Enquiries directed to the Chamber of Commerce, of Wilmington, will be met with prompt and courteous attention, and all who may elect to cast their lot in with this country cannot fail, if they exercise due intelligence and industry, to lay the foundations of a future competency and prosperity.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>Fish and Oysters.</head>
          <p>An important industry transacted in and near Wilmington is in fresh and salt fish. There are several important concerns engaged in the shipping of fresh fish, some of whom own their own boats, nets, etc., and employ their own fishermen. The principal varieties of fish caught in this vicinity are mullets, which are best in Septembar, shad, black fish, trout, sea bass, rock, pig fish, flounders, croakers, spots,
<pb id="p21" n="21"/>
sturgeon, catfish, drum, whiting, snapper, red mouth, herring, blue fish, bream, sheephead, striped bass, etc.</p>
          <p>Immense quantities of mullets are salted and packed in Wilmington and are dispatched to all parts of the country. This business forms an important item of the city's operations. Clams are also shipped from Wilmington, and one house makes a specialty of terrapin. The oyster gardens and beds, a few miles from Wilmington, afford a most delicious variety of the succulent bivalve. Not many of these are shipped to a distance, the home demand being fully equal to the supply.
<figure id="ill16" entity="wilm021"><p>POST OFFICE.</p></figure>
Not far from Wilmington, down the Cape Fear river, are two large concerns engaged in the menhedden fishery. These convert the fish into fish scrap and fish oil for fertilizer and other uses.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>The Wholesale Trade.</head>
          <p>The wholesale trade of Wilmington constitutes a very important division of the city's trade facilities. It is probable that no single city in the country has a larger number of jobbing houses than we have here. They have every facility for doing business with the contiguous territory in North and South Carolina, having direct railroad and water communication with all sections. The wholesale merchants have facilities equal to any in the country. They buy their goods
<pb id="p22" n="22"/>
direct from the manufacturers and importers or they import direct, and not only can they compete successfully with other cities, but in certain lines they may be said to have almost driven successful competition out of this market. The jobbing trade here is in the hands of men of ample capital and first class credit, able to buy as low as the lowest. Their credit is further strengthened by the fact that failures are very rare, in fact, almost unknown among them. When the Wilmington jobber buys he contributes nothing to the sellers' margin of probable
<figure id="ill17" entity="wilm022"><p>CATHOLIC CHURCH.</p></figure>
loss, hence he obtains the lowest terms, and the advantages thus derived is shared with his customers. In a general way it may be said of the wholesale trade of Wilmington, that it now occupies all the territory to which it is rightfully entitled, and in addition is stretching out for new fields to conquer, and is encroaching now to quite an extent upon territory formerly controlled by other centers. The merchandise brokers and manufacturers' agents constitute an important adjunct to the wholesale grocery and provision trades, and also do good business and transact important operations. In reference to the wholesale business of the city, we should mention the trade transacted here in peanuts. These are grown in this section and sold to the dealers here, cleaned and polished, and in some cases are shelled, and shipped to all parts of the country. There are three varieties handled: The North Carolina peanut, the Virginia and the Spanish. The first named is highly esteemed, being very close and full of meat, though rather smaller than the others. There are about a half dozen houses here which give special attention to this business, although there are a
<pb id="p23" n="23"/>
large number who buy and sell the products as a side line. About 133,000 bushels of peanuts were shipped from this city during the year 1901.</p>
          <p>Wilmington has for many years been known as the leading market for naval stores. Shipments are made from here to all parts of the country and abroad. A number of important houses are engaged in the business here. The sources of supply of late years have not been as prolific as heretofore, but the industry is still a highly important one.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>The Retail Trade.</head>
          <p>The surrounding country for a large radius, and including a number of towns and villages of more or less note, is practically tributary to this city in most of its lines of retail business. Besides this, Wilmington the principal city in an important range of agricultural territory is the natural market for the products of this region, thus a large amount of trade is drawn here to swell the aggregate of retail business.
<figure id="ill18" entity="wilm023"><p>JEWISH SYNAGOGUE.</p></figure>
The trade, as a rule, is conducted by individuals and firms composed of men of enterprise, experience and integrity. The stocks will compare well with any other place of equal population, either in character or extent, and in prices. The stores are well arranged, lighted generally by the electric light or the incandescent gas system, and many of them have modern plate glass fronts, and all up-to-date facilities and conveniences. This is the rule, to which there are few exceptions. A considerable number of the retail enterprises here, combine an important wholesale business with their retail transactions.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <pb id="p24" n="24"/>
          <head>The Port of Wilmington.</head>
          <p>Wilmington is well known among the Southern ports of the Atlantic coast line of North America, achieving a prominent place as long ago as the beginning of the past century. The calamities of war and the enlargement of sea-going vessels, requiring deeper water than it could offer, reduced it for a time in importance. But the enterprise of its merchants and the successful work of the government have completely removed the retraints on its commerce, but there is still room for deeper water, and there is every reason to hope that the facilities will be still further enhanced in the near future. The deepest draft a vessel could draw in ante-bellum days was ten to twelve feet, now are often unloaded ships at the wharfs up to twenty feet, and
<figure id="ill19" entity="wilm024"><p>LUTHERAN CHURCH.</p></figure>
this without detention, with the result that the annual tonage is steadily increasing.</p>
          <p>The following figures give some idea of the growth and development of the shipping interests of the port. In 1898 the tonnage of seagoing American vessels entering and leaving this port was 106,000 tons, 62,000 tons of which were steam vessels. Foreign tonnage was 84,817 tons, of which 62,000 tons were steam. Total tonage for year, 190,012 tons. In 1899, American tonnage 120,000 tons, of which 77,000 tons were steam; foreign, 62,476 tons, of which 46,052 were steam, numbering 27 vessels. Total tonage for 1899, 182,000. In 1900 there were 129,000 tons American, 57 steamers, of 70,000 tons; foreign, 36 steam ships, aggregating 61,000 tons. Total tonnage 1900, 261 vessels, amounting to 212,385 tons. In 1901, there were 234 American vessels of 194,933 tons, of which 113 were steam, aggregating 145,150 tons. Foreign, vessels of 80,055 tons, of which 40 were steamers, amounting to 67,027 tons. Grand total for 1901, 307 vessels of 274,988 tons. The above refers to sea-going vessels.</p>
          <pb id="p25" n="25"/>
          <p>Not only is the beautiful harbor of Wilmington the pride of the city, and land locked, but the river haven in which the the vessels lie close to the wharfs to load and discharge gives to them the security and smooth water of the Liverpool docks. Towage and port charges are moderate, and coal is readily obtainable and is not exhorbitant. The port is connected with New York by a regular line of steamers, and another line is contemplated and will probably soon be in operation. Two rivers meet near to the city and there are a number of steamboats plying between various places along the shores of the Cape Fear and the ocean and sound, the Merchants' and Farmers' Steamboat Co. and the Cape Fear Steamboat and Transportation Co. from
<figure id="ill20" entity="wilm025"><p>HIGH SCHOOL.</p></figure>
Wilmington to Fayetteville, and the Wilmington, Carolina and Southport Stemboat Line from Wilmington to Southport, and all lower Cape Fear landings. There is also a line of steamboats running to Little River, S. C. From the compresses are dispatched many steamships to all parts of Europe, and sailing vessels of all kinds carry cargoes of lumber, naval stores, etc., to various ports of the old and new world, and in lumber, notably, to the West Indies, Central and South America.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>Wilmington's Public Schools.</head>
          <p>In Wilmington, as elsewhere in the most advanced of Southern, equally with Northern and Eastern cities, the first attempts at universal and common education were of rather a desultory character. Prior to 1869 the city did not own a single public school building, but today the school property is worth but little short of $200,000, and the facilities for public education are not elsewhere equaled in the State, and are surpassed in no other city of the same population in the entire country. Although, at the outset, there were lapses and delays due to the war and other causes, the genius of the American desire for progress overcame all obstacles, and enlightment has won its way with a step, sometimes temporarily checked, but ever resolute in its aim
<pb id="p26" n="26"/>
and march. There are now at Wilmington a High School, four schools for white children and three for the colored children. In the grammar schools the course includes spelling, reading, writing, languages and composition, arithmetic, geography, history, science, vocal music, English grammar and physiology. In the High School are taught arithmetic, algebra, trigonometry, Latin, science, English, literature, rhetoric, physiology, history and spelling.</p>
          <p>No county in the State has any better system of country schools than this county. There are enough schools so distributed as to place
<figure id="ill21" entity="wilm026"><p>MASONIC TEMPLE.</p></figure>
every child within a reasonable distance of a good school. As is the case in nearly every city in the South the colored schools are particularly well attended. The negroes display a great eagerness for education. It has been the policy of the board to employ colored teachers for colored schools. The percentage of attendance to enrollment ranks high among both white and colored. There are in addition to the public schools a number of private educational establishments, among which must not be omitted that over which the Catholic Church authorities exercise jurisdiction. Altogether the educational facilities of the city and county will compare with any locality in the country.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <pb id="p27" n="27"/>
          <head>Churches and Charitable Institutions.</head>
          <p>The population of Wilmington is essentially a church-going people. All leading denominations are represented and all the places of worship are well attended and prosperous. There are about twenty churches in the city for white people, divided as follows: One Advent Christian Church, three Baptist, one Roman Catholic, four Episcopal, one Jewish Synagogue, one Lutheran, four Methodist, three Presbyterian and one Seamens' Bethel. The colored citizens have thirteen churches of various denominations. The Young Men's Christian Association have a handsome building along the line of the principal thoroughfare of the city, where visitors to Wilmington are always welcome.</p>
          <p>
            <figure id="ill22" entity="wilm027">
              <p>Y. M. C. A. BUILDING.</p>
            </figure>
          </p>
          <p>Wilmington has made generous provision for the sick and needy. All the churches maintain some organization for the relief of human want, and the United Charities Association endeavors to afford relief to applicants. There is also a similar organization for the relief of the colored poor. This is officered and administered by their own officials, its main support, however, being furnished by their white friends in Wilmington. In addition there are here provided a number of institutions whose mission is a noble one. We allude in this connection to the James Walker Memorial Hospital, the United States Marine Hospital, the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children and Animals, the Catherine Kennedy Home for indigent and aged women, etc. Private charity is ever active among our well-to-do citizens, and the really worthy never have a deaf ear turned towards them.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <pb id="p28" n="28"/>
          <head>Societies, Etc.</head>
          <p>The citizens of this city are a gregarious and sociable community. They organize themselves into societies of every sort for social and benevolent purposes. Masonic, Odd Fellows and a variety of other worthy and useful organizations abound, and thus the people keep themselves preserved from the rusting influence of selfishness and asceticism. There are here three lodges of F. &amp; A. M., a Chapter Royal Arch Masons, a Council Royal and Select Masters, a Commandery
<figure id="ill23" entity="wilm028"><p>ELKS' TEMPLE.</p></figure>
Knights Templar, the Grand Chapter Royal Arch Masons, of North Carolina, and the Grand Commandery Knights Templar, of North Carolina. There are three lodges Knights of Pythias, six lodges I. O. O. F., a B. P. Order Elks, and lodges of Red Men, Royal Arcanum, Woodmen of the Word, Heptasophs, Knights of Honor, Druids, Mystic Circle, etc. The Jewish orders of B'nai B'rith and Kesher Shel Barzil are also represented. There are also military organizations, social clubs, yacht clubs, golf clubs, German clubs, society clubs and cotillion clubs for the younger people.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <pb id="p29" n="29"/>
          <head>Summer Resorts.</head>
          <p>In the way of healthful and pleasant summer resorts, Wilmington is particularly well bleased. First, we will mention Wrightsville, on the mainland, facing Wrightsville Sound, a continuation of Pamlico Sound. Wrightsville is the Carolinas' great summer attraction and breathing ground, invigorating and recuperative in every respect. It is reached from Wilmington, from which it is a distance of about eight miles, by a splendid shell road and also by the Wilmington and Seacoast Railroad. Along the Sound are numerous cottages, owned principally by Wilmington citizens. Here, also, is the Atlantic View Hotel, which is well kept and popular. This house is within 100 feet of the depot and at the terminus of the turnpike road. The bathing here is very safe, being in still water.</p>
          <p>Crossing the Sound from Wrightsville, a distance of about a mile, is a strip of land known as Wrightsville Beach. Here are over 100 cottages and the Wrightsville Beach Hotel, a detailed description of which is here appended. The Carolina Yacht Club, one of the oldest yacht clubs in the country, is located here. There is also a new yacht club at Wrightsville Beach, called the Atlantic Club, the members of which are mostly young men of this city.</p>
          <p>Carolina Beach is about fifteen miles below Wilmington, and is reached by the steamer “Wilmington.” At Carolina Beach pier, a short line of railroad connects the steamer with the Beach. Carolina Beach is the head of the Sound. Bathing and fishing may here be enjoyed in under the most favorable conditions. Here, also, is the Hanover Seaside Club, whose members are principally German citizens.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>Sea Shore Hotel.</head>
          <p>Wilmington specially favored by nature in regard to climate and agreeable surroundings is in no respect more so than by the proximity of Wrightsville Beach and the Sea Shore Hotel. This is situated eight miles from the city and is accessible by railroad at the present time, and furthermore, will very soon be connected with the city by the electric road. The hotel is a handsome structure, replete with every modern convenience and comfort. There are 110 sleeping apartments, well fnrnished, cool and comfortable. The dining-room has a capacity for the seating of 200 guests, and the tables are bountifully spread with all the substantials and delicacies which this prolific market affords. The sanitary arrangements are of the best and thoroughly up-to-date. The location of the hotel, a mile distant from the mainland, ensures freedom from mosquitoes, which practically cannot exist here, there being no stagnant water adjacent to afford them breeding ground. Only artesian water is used for drinking and cooking purposes, and the situation is eminently a healthful one, entirely free from any trace of prevailing sickness or contagion. Every attraction is furnished by the management to make a stay at this hotel pleasant and agreeable. The invigorating breezes of Old Father Ocean here have full play, boating fishing and bathing may be enjoyed under the safest conditions, the beach being among the safest along the entire Atlantic coast. We may mention in connection with the bathing that each bathroom is
<pb id="p30" n="30"/>
furnished with individual fresh water sprinklers. All sorts of entertainments are organized during the season to amuse the guests, not the least of which is the celebrated Hollowbush Orchestra, of eight pieces, which is retained during the entire season, which opens June 1st., and continues until the end of the heated term. Billiards, pool and ten-pin alleys are connected with the hotel, and nightly dances prevail. The patronage of the hotel comes from all parts of the South, and those who have experienced the comforts of a stay at this hotel generally come again, there being no better or more delightful summer home in this locality. Mr. Joe H. Hinton, the manager, is a gentleman who has every experience of the hotel business, who knows how to make his guests happy and comfortable.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>The Chamber of Commerce.</head>
          <p>The Chamber of Commerce, of Wilmington, was instituted in 1853 for the purpose of promoting the active and enterprising commerce of the city. It is also its object to act as an honest mediator in all matters of dispute and difference of opinion among its members, and generally to foster good will between citizens of the community. It also takes vigorous action to advance the welfare of the city and section, and to make known and to advertise abroad its resources and advantages. It furthermore strives to maintain a constant and watchful care of the rights and interests of the city, and also to correct business evils and reverse impediments to progress. It extends courtesy to the stranger and visitor, who will be made welcome at its headquarters. Its executive officers for the current year are: M. W. Jacobi, president; Thos. D. Meares, first vice-president; Geo. R. French, second vice-president, and John L. Cantwell, secretary and treasurer. All enquiries relative to the city of Wilmington and its advantages may be addressed to the secretary, who will cheerfully furnish all information and details on the subject.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>The Wilmington Produce Exchange.</head>
          <p>The Wilmington Produce Exchange is an organization of much utility to the trade interests of the city. It collects and compiles valuable business information relative to the trade of Wilmington, and we are indebted to the courtesy of the secretary, Col. John L. Cantwell, for a number of the facts and figures published in this work. Among other of its functions are the adjustment of misunderstanding between members, and establishing valuable rules relative to trade, such as the collection of accounts, as to quality of merchandise, receiving and delivering of cargoes, and generally to look after the interests of the wholesale grocery, cotton, produce and provision trades. The market prices current are daily fixed by the various committees and are accepted generally by the trade. The exchange is in direct connection by wire with the leading exchanges of the country, with which it is in close correspondence and affiliation. The officers of the Wilmington Produce Exchange are: P. Pearsall, president; J. H. Chadbourn, Jr., vice-president, and John L. Cantwell, secretary and treasurer.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <pb id="p31" n="31"/>
          <head>The Merchants' Association.</head>
          <p>This organization also is of a useful character, having, to some extent, the same object in view as the Chamber of Commerce. Its members, however, are comprised more among the retail business men of the city, than the older organization. Its object is to foster the trade, commerce, manufactures and other interests of the locality, to reform abuses, promote new enterprises, protect its members from dishonest traders, settle differences and promote good fellowship and friendly intercourse. The methods employed by the association are such as have been profitably adopted elsewhere, and have met with a gratifying measure of success here. The executive officers of the Merchants' Association are: Wm. E. Springer, president; Chas. M. Whitlock and J. H. Thomas, vice-presidents, and P. Heinsberger, secretary and treasurer.
<figure id="ill24" entity="wilm031"><p>MR. C. C. COVINGTON'S, RESIDENCE.</p></figure>
Enquiries regarding the city addressed to the secretary will also be met with prompt courtesy and attention.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>Summary.</head>
          <p>There can be no doubt by any one who takes note of the steady and continued growth which Wilmington has made, as to its assured progress and successful advancement. Situated as the city is, upon one of the most safe and accessible of harbors, with a climate that is as near perfection throughout the entire year as can be found, permitting the carrying on of every branch of business without cessation or inconvenience, and surrounded by fertile lands, upon which are established farms and truck gardens, which are famous, and which yield abundant and choice food supplies. Fish, oysters and other products of the river and sea are plentifully obtained only just without the city's limits, and, with no important exception, nearly every class of food is as abundant and as cheap as in any other part of the United States.</p>
          <p>Wilmington today bids fair to go ahead rapidly and it must necessarialy share in the growing prosperity and advancement of the South. Its natural resources were at no time better supplemented by its acquired
<pb id="p32" n="32"/>
advantages than they are today, and the opportunities to inaugurate new undertakings and obtain homes, occupation and contentment are here open to all. The city is the center of intellectual vigor, with a past full of interest, a present full of earnestness, and a future full of promise. Wilmington presents many attractions to the tourist, the patriot and the statesman, the business man and the wage earner, and more important than all to that most practical of philanthropist,
<figure id="ill25" entity="wilm032"><p>MR. WM. H. SPRUNT'S RESIDENCE.</p></figure>
the enterprising business man and home seeker, looking for a location in which to establish a productive industry. The time should not be far distant when the 25,000 population of Wilmington shall be doubled, and perhaps tripled, and when of the entire Atlantic South coast cities she shall be among the first of its important centers of production and distribution.</p>
          <p>
<figure id="ill25a" entity="wilm032b"><p>[Tail-piece Image]</p></figure></p>
        </div2>
      </div1>
      <div1 type="section">
        <pb id="p41" n="41"/>
        <head>The City of Wilmington, <lb/> North Carolina.</head>
        <head>Its Leading Industries and Principal Mercantile Establishments, with <lb/> Sketches of their Foundation, History and Progress <lb/> and Notes on the Character and Extent <lb/> of their Operations.</head>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>THE WORTH COMPANY, <lb/> Wholesale Grocers, and Cotton and Naval Stores, I Grace Street.</head>
          <p>The enterprise now under comment dates its establishment back to about the year 1850, when it was founded by T. C. and B. G. Worth. Subsequent changes of style later transpired, the firm titles adopted being Worth &amp; Daniel, D. G. Worth and Worth &amp; Worth. The date of the latter copartnership was about 1870, and finally, in the year 1899, incorporation took place, the title adopted being The Worth Company. Mr. B. G. Worth, one of the original founders of the business, still presides at the head of its affairs and Mr. C. W. Worth, as manager, is associated with him in the conduct of the enterprise. The premises occupied comprise several buildings utilized as store and warehouses, and a wharf covering a considerable area and affording the very best of facilities for the receipt and shipment of goods, there being both water and railroad direct conveniences. The company are wholesale grocers in the fullest acceptation of the term, carrying a complete stock of heavy groceries of all descriptions, such as flour, pork products, provisions, sugars, molasses, canned goods, coffees, etc. Their connections have long enabled them to obtain all goods from the most direct sources of supply and their lengthened experience makes them familiar with the minutest requirement of the markets. The company are also commission merchants in cotton and naval stores, of which they handle large quantities. These are consigned to them from grocers and producers, and they invite consignments, and make liberal advances as required. Their connections enable them to assure the highest market prices and prompt returns. The company transact a very important trade in molasses, of which they are exclusively direct importers, obtaining their supplies from Cuba, Barbadoes and other West Indian Islands. The trade of the house extends throughout North and South Carolina and Georgia, where it holds its own against all competitors. As regards the gentlemen at the head of the affairs of the house we may mention that Mr. B. G. Worth, although over eighty years of age, still
<pb id="p42" n="42"/>
takes an active interest in the business. He has long been identified with the prosperity and welfare of the community with which he has been connected for so lengthened a period. Mr. C. W. Worth is identified in a number of contemporary undertakings of large interest to the city. He is a director of the Atlantic National Bank, the Carolina Insurance Co., the Underwriters' Insurance Co., the Wilmington Cotton Mills, the Wilmington and Seacoast Railroad, etc. The company may be said to be in every way a leading representative of the wholesale trade of this State with a record of half a century's honorable business career, which ensures every confidence and consideration.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>N. JACOBI HARDWARE COMPANY, <lb/> Hardware, Paints, Oils, Builders' Supplies, Etc. 10 and 12 South Front <lb/> Street.</head>
          <p>An enterprise which for fifty years has formed part of the trade conveniences is entitled to prominent recognition in these pages. The
<figure id="ill26" entity="wilm042"><p>[N. Jacobi Hardware Company]</p></figure>
foundation of the enterprise now conducted as the N. Jacobi Hardware Co. were laid in the year 1856. In 1869 Mr. N. Jacobi became connected with the business and in 1888 the present title was adopted. The business entails the utilization of important storage and warehouse facilities. The company in the first place have a double store, two stories high, of the dimensions of 60×110 feet, besides a warehouse of two floors adjoining 30×50 feet in area and another also of two floors 33×100 feet. Thus every accommodation is at hand for carrying a large stock, which includes shelf and builders' hardware, cutlery, guns, sportsmens' supplies, ammunition, stoves, pumps, plows, and agricultural implements, paints, glass, oils, tinware, roofing, sash, doors, blinds and builders' supplies generally. Particular attention is directed to the celebrated Jacobi Axe, which has withstood the criticism of many years and is now standard on the market. The company also have the exclusive sale in this section of Benjamin Moore &amp; Co.'s New York and Chicago paints, which for economy and efficiency are not excelled.
<pb id="p43" n="43"/>
In all departments, however, the stock has been well selected and being obtained direct from original sources of supply in large quantities is placed before dealers and the public at the very lowest prices. The exigencies of the business entail the services of sixteen assistants, two of whom represent the house on the road throughout North and South Carolina generally. The proprietors of the business are as follows: Nathaniel Jacobi, Marcus W. Jacobi and Joseph N. Jacobi, who are among the best known business men of the city. The first named is a director of the Murchison National Bank, president of the Mechanics' Building and Loan Association, is a trustee of the Odd Fellows' Orphan Home and is otherwise prominent in a number of fraternal societies. Mr. Mascus W. Jacobi is president of the Wilmington Chamber of Commerce. He is also past grand master and grand representative here to the Sovereign Grand Lodge of Odd Fellows of the world. All of the members of the firm have taken a keen interest in the general welfare and advancement of the city generally.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>M. W. DIVINE &amp; CO., <lb/> Paints, Glass, Sash, Doors, Etc., 23 Market Street.</head>
          <p>One of the most useful and prominent sources of supply of this city is that conducted under the above firm title. The business was established in 1867, when it was conducted under the style of Hancock &amp; Daggett. Later Mr. W. T. Daggett assumed sole control until 1884, when the firm of Divine &amp; Chadbourn was organized. This continued until 1866, when the present designation was adopted. In connection with the business a store at the above address is utilized, which is Mr. M. W. Divine's property. This is a building of four floor 22×92 feet in dimensions. It serves as headquarters for the carrying of a very large stock of goods, which includes paints, oils and greases, glass, sash, doors, blinds, brushes, putty, varnishes, roofing paper, builders' hardware and painters' and builders' supplies generally. Devoting its attention solely to this department of business the house is in a position to cater advantageously to its patrons, as may not be the case where the handling of simillar goods forms only a small part of a general business. In addition to general lines, the firm are exclusive agents for this locality of the celebrated Sherwin-Williams Co.'s paints made at Cleveland, which are known throughout the United States, They are also sole representatives of John T. Lewis, of Philadelphia, linseed oil and white lead. The house is the largest paint depot in North Carolina, carrying the largest and most diversified stock. The lowest prices invariably are quoted and a business has been built up which is yearly growing. The proprietor is M. W. Divine, who was the senior member of the former firm of Divine &amp; Chadbourn. Thus he has been connected with the enterprise for the past seven years and is thoroughly familiar with the requirements of this market. He is a native of this city and was formerly a civil engineer and was connected with the Atlantic Coast Line for eleven years. At the present time he is also a director of the Peoples' Savings Bank and several building and loan associations and generally takes an interest in the city's advancement and progress.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <pb id="p44" n="44"/>
          <head>J. A. SPRINGER &amp; CO., <lb/> Coal, Wood, Etc., Office, 121 North Water Street.</head>
          <p>The oldest established house in Wilmington engaged in the handling of coal, the most valuable product of nature's secret laboratory, is that of the above firm, which was founded twenty-eight years ago by Mr. J. A. Springer, the senior member of the present firm, which was organized about six years ago. The firm have, at the above address their office, yards and coal pockets for storage, with a wharf frontage.
<figure id="ill27" entity="wilm044"><p>[J. A. Springer &amp; Co.]</p></figure>
These are utilized principally for the retail departments. Their wholesale trade is transacted from the Seaboard Air Line wharf, where they have all conveniences, including a Hunt elevator, and coal is here received in cargo and car load lots and dispatched to destination. The house has storage capacity available for 10,000 tons of coal, five hundred cords of wood and about two or three million shingles. The plant also includes appliances for cutting and splitting wood for burning, in which they transact a large business. The firm are handlers of anthracite, red and white ash coal of the best quality, which are received here direct from the mines and sold to the public in quantities to suit, invariably well screened, free from all impurities and of full weight. All orders are promptly filled to satisfaction. Messrs. J. A. Springer &amp; Co. are also exclusive agents here for the celebrated Pocahontas steam coal, the best in the world, and in this they transact a very large wholesale business, shipping the product to all parts of North and South Carolina and Georgia. The intimate relations they enjoy with the first sources of supply enable them to quote bottom prices and to ensure the best grades of the mineral. Orders are taken for carload lots, which are dispatched direct from the mines to destination without breaking bulk. The firm also deal in cypress and juniper shingles, of which they always carry a large stock. The individual members of the firm are Messrs. J. A. Springer, Daniel H. Penton, and Saml. J. Springer. Mr. J. A. Springer is a director of the Murchison National Bank, Peoples' Savings Bank and White Brick Manufacturing
<pb id="p45" n="45"/>
Co. Mr. Springer is also the president of the Independent Ice Co., recently established to manufacture ice in this city. Mr. Penton is secretary and treasurer of this new industry. All of the firm give their constant and personal supervision to their business, over which they exercise the closest scrutiny. The house is eminently a leading exponent of the trade resources of this locality, with a reputation extending over a quarter of a century.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>T. J. GORE, <lb/> Groceries and Liquors, 22 South Water Street.</head>
          <p>Reflecting in this work, the leading exponents of the business of Wilmington, our attention is now directed to the enterprise of the above house, which dates its establishment to the year 1883, when it was founded as Kirk &amp; Gore. This continued until 1890, when Mr. T. J. Gore became the sole proprietor. The business of the house is devoted to the handling of groceries and liquors, both at wholesale and retail. A large country trade is transacted, largely with farmers, who come to the city and who order by mail. The facilities of the concern enable it to offer to its patrons the best quality of goods and lowest prices. In liquors a large jug and package business is done, shipments being made in this and portions of the adjoining state. Mr. T. J. Gore is a well known resident, who has worked up an important business by means of energy and application. He came here from Brunswick and was formerly a farmer there. He is largely interested in the Summer Hill Distillery, four miles from the city. A high grade of corn whiskey is here produced, known as Summer Hill. He also controls another distillery near Southport, the product of which is similar to the other. The whiskey made at these distilleries is shipped to various ports, large quantities going to Baltimore. Mr. Gore also owns a farm on Town Creek, nine miles from Wilmington. On this is grown rice, about 4,000 bushels being an average yearly crop.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>PRESTON CUMMING, <lb/> General Wood Worker, Water Street at Foot Dock Street.</head>
          <p>This business was established about two years ago by its present proprietor, Mr. Preston Cumming, who personally supervises all operations. The plant is contained in a building at the above address and includes cut-off, rip and band saws, moulding machines, lathes and planing machine, and indeed, a complete and latest improved wood-working equipment. The factory is particularly well located as regard shipping conveniences, being adjacent both to the railroad and the river. The works are operated by electricity, which not only is cleaner and more convenient than steam, but it is much safer as regard fire risks. The building was formerly utilized for many years as a grist mill, but Mr. Cumming seeing an opportunity for an enterprise of this nature, established his present industry. His energies are devoted to general wood working of every description, including the manufacture of caskets, coffins, balusters, mantels, cornices, mouldings, etc.
<pb id="p46" n="46"/>
He also saws logs to order, dresses and planes lumber to order. His facilities enable him to cut planks from eighteen to twenty-four feet in length. There is nothing in the way of hard or soft wood working that he is unable to perform, from building a steamboat to making a mouse trap. His patronage extends within a radius of 100 miles distant from the city and is steadily growing. Mr. Cumming also supplies hard wood lumber in any quantity and size, black walunt, mahogany, oak, ash, hickory, pine, cypress and juniper. Mr. Cumming buys and sells old furniture, brass and iron andirons and curios of every description. Many a time there may lurk in some old residence objects which may be deemed as rubbish, by their possessors. By writing to Mr. Cumming their value may be determined and he will find a customer for them if they have any antiquity or value. Mr. Cumming is a well known and enterprising resident of Wilmington. He was born at Greensboro, but he has lived in this city many years and has always taken a keen interest in its welfare and progress.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>NAVASSA GUANO COMPANY, <lb/> Manufacturers of Fertilizers. Office, 103 1-2 North Water Street.</head>
          <p>Renewing productive qualities of the soil by means of fertilizers must be accomplished in a judicious and intelligent way, and therefore
<figure id="ill28" entity="wilm046"><p>NAVASSA FACTORY.</p></figure>
it will be found advantageous and desirable to obtain fertilizers from such houses who have every facility and experience in manufacturing according to enlightened and scientific principles, and who thoroughly understand the business. We are glad to have to chronicle the fact that Wilmington is the headquarters for an enterprise of this character. The Navassa Guano Co. was established in 1869 and for a third of a century it has enjoyed a reputation of the highest order for the superior character of its products. The company have an office at 103½ Water street and they have two large plants within a few miles of the city. One is at Navassa Station, Brunswick county, four miles from Wilmington. This property has 1600 feet frontage on the river and runs back some 1,000 feet from it. Various departments are utilized for the
<pb id="p47" n="47"/>
different details of the work and 362 work people are here given employment. Another factory is on North East river, two miles from the city; this is known as the Almont factory and here some 250 hands are employed. Both plants are in every way thoroughly up-to-date, the appliances being of the best and latest improved character, the most modern methods of scientific manufacturing being utilized. The shipping facilities are particularly good, the tracks of the trunk lines entering the works, opening up the entire railroad systems of the country. The river also affords direct tidewater facilities for receiving and shipping the product to any part either at home or abroad. The capacity of the works is as follows: At Navassa station, a total of 60,000 tons of fertilizers can be annually manufactured, and the Almont factory can turn out about 30,000 tons each year. The company manufacture fertilizers of every description from phosphate rock, ammoniate of all kinds and potash salts. When we say that they make fertilizers
<figure id="ill29" entity="wilm047"><p>ALMONT FACTORY</p></figure>
we say that they are not mere compounders of ingredients, but that their products are intelligently and scientifically made, designed for various soils and for various climates. The organization is a Southern enterprise, conducted by Southern people for Southern planters and farmers. Their fertilizers are manufactured for the production of cotton, tobacco, corn, root crops of all descriptions, small grain, fruits, vegetables, trucking, etc. A special fertilizer is made for strawberries, which has met with pronounced success in this and other localities. We have not the space to mention here the various brands; neither is it necessary. Inquiries directed to the house will be met with most courteous and prompt response. The reputation which the company has so long enjoyed has clearly demonstrated the quality and value of their goods. Merchants will find them advantageous to handle inasmuch as the satisfaction they give insures a steady and steadfast demand. The executive officers of the company are: H. W. Malloy, president; S. T. Morgan, of Richmond, Va., vice-president, and Wm. L. DeRosset, secretary and treasurer; gentlemen requiring no personal comment at our hands. With an experience extending over thirty
<pb id="p48" n="48"/>
years they have brought the enterprise to a position which ensures them a wide patronage, extending throughout North and South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama and Tennessee, and which increases annually.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>CAPE FEAR LUMBER COMPANY, <lb/> Manufacturers of Rough and Dressed Lumber, Wilmington, N. C.</head>
          <p>In Wilmington a very important lumber manufacturing and distributing business is carried on, and the most important enterprise of the kind here is that known as the Cape Fear Lumber Company. This was established about eight years ago and it has since steadily developed and increased its scope of usefulness. The posessions of the company are large and important. The plant in this city covers altogether an area of about ten acres, upon which are the saw mill, planing mill,
<figure id="ill30" entity="wilm048"><p>[Caper Fear Lumber Company]</p></figure>
storage sheds, yards, etc. The mill is known as a double-band saw mill, the capacity, being about 24,000,000 feet annually. In every department the equipment is of the best and latest, ensuring perfection of the product and economy of production. The company manufacture rough and dressed lumber, about fifty per cent. of their output being what are known in the trade as “ones” and “twos.” The facilities of the house are largely augmented by the fact that the company own vast timber lands in North and South Carolina, covering altogether some 80,000 acres. On this property they own and operate some twenty miles of railroad which enables them to convey the logs to the river and trunk line, whence they are dispatched direct to the mills. The company cut principally pine, although they also obtain from their lands some cypress and hardwoods. At the mills in this city some 150 men are kept busy, and in the woods about 200 are employed felling the trees and preparing the logs for shipment. The facilities of the company thus will be seen to be of the most favorable character. They take the logs from the native forest, saw, plane and dress the lumber and deliver the boards complete and ready for the use of the carpenter and builder. They are now about to increase materially
<pb id="p49" n="49"/>
their facilities by the addition of a new planing mill, which will augment considerably their output of dressed lumber. This has been rendered necessary by the growth of the business. The company ship their product to New York, New England and the Central States, chartering steamers and schooners to convey it to destination. The executive officers of the company are as follows: John F. Steeves, president; Bradley L. Eaton, secretary and treasurer, and John A. Arringdale, vice-president and general manager. The two first named gentlemen are of the firm of Church E. Gates &amp; Co., of 138th street and Fourth avenue, New York, who are the largest retail lumber dealers in the metropolis. Mr. Arringdale is a resident of this city and devotes
<figure id="ill31" entity="wilm049"><p>[Cape Fear Lumber Company]</p></figure>
his full attention and supervision to the industry. He may be said to have always been identified with the lumber trade and has every experience of its details. The company with all facilities available, equally as regards economy of production and facilities for promptly filling orders, is in every way in a position to attract the attention and consideration of large consumers.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>A. E. BLAKE, <lb/> Dealer in Peanuts, 128 North Water Street.</head>
          <p>The trade in peanuts is a distinctive industry of this section and very large quantities are shipped from this city to all parts of the country. Mr. A. E. Blake established his present business here October, 1901, but he has been connected with the trade for a period extending over eighteen years. He now occupies premises at the above address, where all facilities are available for economically carrying on the business. Mr. Blake buys the peanuts of the growers in this vicinity, cleans them by machinery, and ships them to all parts of the country. The variety of peanuts handled are North Carolina, Virginia and Spanish. The first named is a small nut, but is very full of meat and is generally esteemed as the best, especially in the South. Virginia peanuts are larger and are shipped North and are sold to Italians and others, and are by them roasted and peddled in the street and stores. The
<pb id="p50" n="50"/>
Spanish variety are shelled here and are shipped to candy manufacturers all over the country, Mr. Blake has every facility and caters to all the above departments of the business. By virtue of his facilities he is enabled to quote the lowest prices and to offer the best quality of products. As before said, he has a thorough experience and entirely understands the market. He is the owner of a farm at Sloop Point, Pender county, N. C., consisting of some three hundred acres. This he now rents out, taking, however, a portion of the product raised there. On this farm are grown corn, sweet potatoes and peanuts, the whole of the latter crop coming to his warehouse here. As illustrative of one of North Carolina's distinctive industries, we offer this brief account of Mr. Blake's business, which, although recently established, has met with a measure of gratifying success, which bids fair to become permanent.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>WILLARD &amp; GILES, <lb/> General Insurance Agency. <lb/> CAROLINA INSURANCE COMPANY, <lb/> Carolina Insurance Company's Building, Princess Street.</head>
          <p>
            <figure id="ill32" entity="wilm050">
              <p>[Willard &amp; Giles, General Insurance Agency]</p>
            </figure>
          </p>
          <p>No lesson has been more impressed upon the minds of property owners in important centers by the great fires that still occur, than the wisdom of dividing risks through the agency of experienced and responsible underwriters Such an agency in this city is that of Messrs. Willard &amp; Giles, who have an experience of many years standing. The firm are the authorized agents in this city for the following strong list of reliable and well known fire insurance companies: Ætna, of Hartford; Home, of New York; Continental, of New York; Philadelphia Underwriters, of Philadelphia; Niagara, of New York; Sun, of New Orleans; Virginia, of Richmond; Royal Exchange, of London; Union Assurance Society, of England; Northern, of England; Sun, of England (probably the oldest established insurance company in the world) and the Palatine, of England. This is a list of undoubted excellence, guaranteeing certain indemnity in case of loss, with assets of many millions of dollars, and Messrs. Willard &amp; Giles effect insurance in each and every one of them at lowest rates. The firm also represent the renowned Mutual Life, of New York; the Ætna Life, of Hartford (accident department;) the London Assurance (marine;) the American Surety, of New York; the Hartford Steam Boiler and Insurance Company. The firm are also general agents here for the Carolina Insurance Company, of this city. This company has a capital stock of $50,000 with a surplus to stockholders amounting to $15,000 and surplus to policy holders aggregating $65,000. The company have over fifty agencies in the Carolinas and it has always enjoyed the fullest confidence
<pb id="p51" n="51"/>
of the public. The president of the company is Mr. D. L. Gore and Mr. M. S. Willard, of Willard and Giles, is secretary. The list of directors includes the names of a number of the leading business men and capitalists of the city. The firm of Messrs. Willard &amp; Giles was founded in 1883 by Mr. M. S. Willard, the present firm being instituted in 1895. The present copartnership is made up of M. S. Willard and Clayton Giles, thoroughly experienced underwriters and men of business reputation. The senior member is also president of the Willard Bag and Manufacturing Co. The operators of the house are not restricted to this city, a considerable <hi rend="italics">clientell</hi> being drawn from surrounding districts.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>VOLLERS &amp; HASHAGEN, <lb/> Wholesale Provisions, Cigars, Etc. A. C. L. Crossing.</head>
          <p>The transactions of this city in grain, provisions and other staple food products are very large and are annually expanding. The above named enterprise serves to forcibly illustrate the character and magnitude of the business. This enterprise was founded in 1890 and has since steadily developed and grown. The firm occupy extensive premises at the above indicated address, comprising a warehouse 300×30 in area. It is admirably located for the receipt and shipment of goods, the railroad tracks entering the premises, so that goods can be loaded and unloaded at the doors. The firm are extensive handlers of salted meats, corn, oats, hay, flour, etc. They are in direct connection with the products of leading packers and flour mills of the West and obtain their supplies under the most favorable conditions. Goods are obtained in car load lots direct from the mills, elevators and packers to destination without breaking bulk. The business of this house in its particular department is perhaps equal to any other in this locality. At any rate it is certain that no similar establishment has better inducements to offer the trade. As regards flour, the firm sell this staple under their own brands. Of these we would mention “Q,” a fancy straight, “Silver Corn,” a fancy straight and “Stock's Best,” a fancy patent flour. All of the above are in demand with the public and therefore with the trade. A special department of the business of this firm is their cigar trade. Messrs. Vollers &amp; Hashagen are exclusive handlers throughout North and South Carolina of the celebrated goods made by the former house of Powell, Smith &amp; Co., New York, which is now merged into the American Cigar Co. Of these in especial demand and standard on the market are “Cuban Blossom,” “Renown,” “Topical Twist,” and “Cremos,” five-cent cigars of the very best quality and of established popularity. The firm do a very large trade in these and probably sell about three-quarters of all cigars sold in this city. The individual members of the firm are H. L. Vollers and F. C. Hashagen, both of whom are well known business men. Mr. Vollers is a director of the Atlantic National Bank and of the Wilmington Savings and Trust Company. Mr. Hashagen is a director of a building and loan association and generally identified with the material welfare of the city. The firm, with all facilities and ample capital, is in every way in a position to attract and hold its full share of legitimate patronage.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <pb id="p52" n="52"/>
          <head>J. A. TAYLOR, <lb/> Wholesale Grocer, North Water Street.</head>
          <p>The wholesale grocery trade of this city is not only of large importance and magnitude collectively, but it is also represented by houses of complete resources and high standing. Among such should be included that conducted by Mr. J. A. Taylor, who established his business January, 1899. Since then it has continued to advance, and today transacts large and growing operations throughout the trade radius centering in Wilmington. In connection with the undertaking, premises are utilized at the above address in addition to another warehouse for storage. The stock here carried consists of a general line of heavy and fancy groceries, including flour, provisions, hog products, sugar, molasses, tobacco, snuffs, coffees, canned goods, etc., procured directly and advantageously from the leading manufacturers and producers in the country. Although but three years in operation, the trade have realized that the business policy of this concern is based upon liberality and fair dealing and to the cementing of business relations once established. The proprietor, Mr. J. A. Taylor, has every experience and familiarity with this branch of industry. He has also always taken a keen interest in all that would conduce to the welfare of the business community. Mr. Taylor is president of the Wholesale Grocers' Association, of Wilmington, N. C., an institution organized for the purpose of co-operation in the trade. He is also a director of the recently established Carolina Steamship Co., which is a new freight line between Wilmington and New York. The establishment of this new enterprise is of large benefit to Wilmington. The institution of this acquisition to this city's facilities is the outgrowth of the Wilmington Tariff Association, of which Mr. Taylor is president. This association was formed to bring about a reduction of the excessive rates exacted from Wilmington merchants by the railroads and steamboat lines hitherto in operation. A committee of five was formed, of which Mr. Taylor was a member, the result being the promotion and establishment of the C. S. S. Co. This will probably bring about the solution of the much vexed rate question, and, only benefit can result from the work accomplished.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>CROOM &amp; HUNT, <lb/> Grocers and Commission Merchants, 110 North Water Street.</head>
          <p>With the opening of the present year there was inaugurated a new acquisition to the trade facilities of the city and locality. We refer to the firm of Croom &amp; Hunt, which enters upon is career with every prospect of permanency. The member, of the firm individually are Messrs. Z. V. Croom and F. P. Hunt, both young men who possess a thorough knowledge of the trade with which they have been connected from boyhood. At the above address is located their store and here they carry heavy and fancy groceries suitable to the trade of the city and country centering for fifty miles around. They cater to the trade of farmers and others and have every inducement to offer in the way of fresh and desirable goods and lowest prices. It will be the aim of this
<pb id="p53" n="53"/>
young house to attract patronage by carefully considering the interests of their patrons and not only to gain it but to hold it permanently. The firm also buy peanuts, produce, etc., offering the best current prices. We appeal to our readers that they should consult the terms and prices offered by this young firm, and visitors from out of town would do well to pay a visit here before placing their orders elsewhere. They will be met with courteous treatment and liberality in all transactions, no doubt resulting in business relations both of a pleasant and profitable nature.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>ALEXANDER SPRUNT &amp; SON, <lb/> Cotton Exporters and Proprietors of the Champion Compress and Warehouse <lb/> Company. Office, Cor. Front and Walnut Streets.</head>
          <p>We offer here a few facts relative to the enterprise of Messrs. Alex. Sprunt &amp; Son and the Champion Compress &amp; Warehouse Company,
<figure id="ill33" entity="wilm053"><p>[Alexander Sprunt &amp; Son]</p></figure>
which was founded in 1866. The senior member of the firm died in 1884, but the enterprise has ever since been continued by his sons, Messrs. James Sprunt and William H. Sprunt, without change of title. The firm are cotton exporters, shipping cotton from here to Liverpool, Bremen, Ghent and other European ports. The firm have agencies in various places abroad and their own offices and staff at Liverpool, Ghent and Bremen. In this country they have their buyers at all important centers within the cotton belt, buying and shipping the staple to Wilmington. Of course the number of bales shipped by the firm varies according to circumstances, but we believe a conservative average would aggregate from 225,000 to 250,000 bales annually. The firm are the proprietors of the Champion Compress and Warehouse Company, which, however, has been incorporated with the following executive officers: James Sprunt, president; W. H. Sprunt, vice-president;
<pb id="p54" n="54"/>
T. E. Sprunt, superintendent, and W. J. Woodward, secretary and treasurer. It is safe to say that the plant of this company is unsurpassed for completeness and efficiency. The warehouse buildings cover two city blocks, the whole property giving 420,000 feet of floor and dock space. The storage capacity permits of the storage and handling of 25,000 bales of cotton at one time. There are here in operation three powerful and most efficient compresses of the latest improved character, viz: One 2,000-ton hydraulic compress and two 2,000-ton direct steam compresses. The docking and loading facilities are of the very best. There are here conveniences for the loading of five steamers at the same time. These steamers will average a capacity for carrying about 10,000 bales each. The whole establishment is admirably systematized and even in times of pressure, in the height of the shipping season the work is carried on as it were automaticaly and order prevails everywhere. Every precaution is exercised against the risk of
<figure id="ill34" entity="wilm054"><p>[Alexander Sprunt &amp; Son, Cotton Exporters and Proprietors of the Champion Compress and Warehouse Company.]</p></figure>
fire, there being a fire-proof system of automatic sprinklers throughout and no one is allowed on the premises who is suspected of having matches or other combustibles on his person. An average of about 500 men are employed during the season and the wages disbursed form an important item of the industrial assets of the city. We might here state that Mr. James Sprunt is British Vice Consul for Wilmington. He is also president of the Seamens' Friends' Society, an organization which has done much good to the seafaring men who make Wilmington their port of call, withdrawing them to a large extent from evil influences. He is also Commissioner of Navigation and Pilotage. Mr. William Sprunt is on the Board of Managers and is a director of the City Hospital, and is also a director of the Y. M. C. A. These gentlemen have always taken an active interest in all that tends to advance the real interest of the community. Referring again, for a moment, to the firm of Alex. Sprunt &amp; Son, it may be stated that they were the pioneers of the steam foreign trade of this city, having chartered the first steamer, the “Barnesmore” in 1881, previous to that time having shipped naval stores from here in sailing ships. Now they often load five steamers at once, and dispatch in the season an average of one a week.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <pb id="p55" n="55"/>
          <head>HYDRAULIC WHITE BRICK COMPANY, <lb/> Manufacturers of Improved Brick. Factory, Dickenson Hill. Office, <lb/> Smith Building.</head>
          <p>An enterprise of recent origin and one that bids fair to be of the greatest utility to the city and locality is that of the above mentioned company. The business was incorporated November, 1901, with the following executive officers: D. C. Love, president; Andrew Smith, vice-president and manager, and Roger Moore, secretary and treasurer. The plant of the company is located at what is known as Dickenson Hill, adjacent to the Seaboard Air Line depot, the tracks of which enter the premises, giving the best of shipping facilities. The machinery and appliances utilized at the works were made especially for the company and are of an improved character, the system being known as the Huennekes process. The bricks are made from sand and lime, which, treated in conjunction with certain chemicals constitute the secret of the process. The result is the production of brick which is superior to all other brick, inasmuch as it is very much harder and absorbs less moisture. Another point is that the bricks are ready for use after making, in about twenty-four hours, ordinary brick taking from two to three weeks to dry. The brick will stand a pressure as high as 5,000 pounds to the square inch, whereas the best hydraulic pressed brick will only stand 3,000 pounds to the square inch. As regards their impenetrability to moisture, a test made at the Pittsburgh Testing Laboratory had the following result: The brick was first thoroughly dried then immersed in water forty-five hours, frozen for four hours at a temperature of 14 degrees, then thawed in warm water twelve hours, again frozen to a temperature of 9 degrees for three and a half hours, then thawed in hot water three hours, frozen to 12 degrees for three and a half hours and finally thawed in hot water for twelve hours. After submitting to the above test in conjunction with the crushing test the brick showed no sign whatever of cracking or disintegration. The brick are made in several shades, white, pink and dark gray, and also in fancy designs for frontages. That these brick are superior to all other there can be no reason left for doubt and they can be produced at a price little if any higher than that of a first-class grade of common brick. They are suitable to all purposes to which brick can be applied, street paving included. Mr. Andrew Smith, the manager, went himself to Germany to see this system of brick production, and after close investigation, decided upon organizing a company here. Mr. Smith has the agency for the Southern States and the sole right to manufacture the Huennekes brick in North Carolina. The enterprise in this city is of great utility and will render Wilmington independent of outside sources of supply for this class of building material. Buildings erected of this brick present a handsomer appearance than with ordinary brick. The gentlemen concerned with the management and proprietorship of this business are all men of influence and standing in the community and there is every reason to predict for this new industry a full measure of success and an enlarged sphere of usefulness.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <pb id="p56" n="56"/>
          <head>S. P. McNAIR, <lb/> Wholesale Grocer and Dealer in Fertilizers, North Water Street.</head>
          <p>Among the prominent houses engaged in the wholesale grocery trade here must be mentioned that of Mr. S. P. McNair, which was founded in 1881, and which is now approaching well on to a quarter of a century's successful operation. The house has recently taken possession of new premises in the new Atlantic Coast Line warehouse, North Water street, which affords it enlarged facilities for the conduct of its business. Here is carried a full line of heavy and fancy groceries, all offered to the trade at lowest current prices. Speaking of the stock carried it will suffice to say that it includes everything suited to the trade of merchants within a radius of 150 miles from the city, in which territory the house is represented by two commercial travellers. A special department of the business is the handllng of fertilizers, the most reliable varieties of which are sold by the house. Mr. S. P. McNair, the proprietor, is too well known to the trade and in the community to require any extended personality at our hands. We may say, however, that he devotes his closest supervision to his business, which a lengthened experience in every way qualifies him. Concluding we will only remark that, from the time of its establishment this house has done its full share towards extending the city's reputation as an advantageous source of supply and its claims to patronage are at least equal to any of its contemporaries.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>THE WILMINGTON IRON WORKS, <lb/> Founders and Machinists and Dealers in Mill Supplies, 19 and 20 South <lb/> Front Street.</head>
          <p>An enterprise which for many years has proved of the greatest value to the city is that which is now conducted under the title of the Wilmington Iron Works. The industry was instituted about forty years ago as Hart &amp; Bailey. Since, subsequent changes of style transpired, the enterprise being known at different stages as Hart, Bailey &amp; Co., Burr &amp; Bailey, the Burr &amp; Bailey Co., until about two years ago when the present designation was adopted. At the above address the business is carried on, the various deparaments being the store, machine shop, foundry, copper works, storage yards, etc. About fifty skilled operatives and others are employed by the house. The energies of the company are devoted in the first place, to the handling of mill and machinists' supplies, carrying everything included under these headings. The goods are obtained direct from manufacturers and large dealers in all instances and are specially selected for the requirements of this section. The company are also founders and machinists, and coppersmiths, having every facility for the production of anything to order in these lines. Their specialty, however, is repairing in which they transact an important business, drawn from the country included <sic corr="in a">ina</sic> radius a hundred miles distant from the city. Their facilities in this department are complete. They have in their employ the highest skilled and most intelligent mechanics, whose services they retain permanently. It not infrequently happens that repairs are required at the
<pb id="p57" n="57"/>
shortest notice, the entire operation of a mill or factory being dependent on some portion of the plant which has gone wrong and which requires to be immediately set right. In such and similar contingencies the Wilmington Iron Works are both able and willing to step into the breach and execute the work required at the shortest notice. The company's patronage throughout this and the neighboring state have realized the facilities placed at their disposal, and therefore have every confidence in the concern. The company execute everything in the way of repairs from the most trivial job to the renewal of a complete plant, equally for factories, mills or marine work, etc. The gentlemen at the head of the enterprise are Messrs. E. P. Bailey, president, (who is the nephew of J. C. Bailey, the founder of the business) and H. A. Burr, secretary and treasurer, who has been connected with it for the past twenty-five years. Both gentlemen give their closest personal supervision to the details of the work in hand. Concluding this sketch, we may be permitted to say that the enterprise has for many years contributed to the welfare of the locality in making it self-contained and independent in this line.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>HALL &amp; PEARSALL, (Incorporated.) <lb/> Wholesale Grocers Etc., Office and Store Nutt and Grace Sts., Storage and <lb/> Shipping Departments between A. C. L. and S. A. L. Depots.</head>
          <p>The old established and reliable house, known as Hall &amp; Pearsall was originally founded in 1869 as Edwards &amp; Hall, and in 1875 the title of Hall &amp; Pearsall was adopted. It was incorporated as a stock company, January, 1901, the name, however, undergoing no change. The premises occupied are at the corner of Nutt and Grace streets and they have additional storage and shipping facilities between the A. C. L. and S. A. L. depots with wharfage, and two docks, one on each side of the property. With both direct water and railroad facilities, every convenience is at hand for receiving and shipping goods. The firm carry a general line of heavy and staple groceries, including flour, hog products, sugars, molasses, coffee, canned goods, tobaccos, snuffs, cigars, etc., and they also handle country produce, grain, corn, peas, peanuts, etc., naval stores, cotton, etc., both on commission or bought outright. The house enjoys every advantage in obtaining supplies. Such, of course, is implied in the character and standing of the firm, and in every way the interests of all having dealings with them are conserved in every legitimate way. The trade of the house extends within a radius of about 200 miles from Wilmington, and two commercial travellers represent it throughout that territory. The gentlemen at the head of the enterprise are: Messrs. B. F. Hall, president; Oscar Pearsall, general manager, and Louis E. Hall, secretary and treasurer. They have always been identified and interested in the industrial and commercial progress and material welfare of the city. We will not further indulge in personal comment, but of the house we may be permitted to say that its standing and reputation during a period of a third of a century, are such as to warrant the entire confidence of all with whom it has established business relations.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <pb id="p58" n="58"/>
          <head>I. M. BEAR &amp; CO., <lb/> Wholesale Dry Goods, Notions, Etc., Agents for Glenham Mills, 221-7 <lb/> North Front Street.</head>
          <p>
            <figure id="ill35" entity="wilm058a">
              <p>[Sole Agents Glenham Mills]</p>
            </figure>
          </p>
          <p>
<figure id="ill36" entity="wilm058b"><p>[I. M. Bear &amp; Co.]</p></figure></p>
          <p>One of the leading wholesale enterprises of the city, although not among the oldest established, is that of Messrs. I. M. Bear &amp; Co., which was instituted August 1895. At the above address is located the store, the property of the firm, which is of 33×110 feet. It is admirably systematized and arranged. There is an electric elevator, and each floor is devoted to a special department, under the direction of a competent head. Goods are received and shipments are made from the basement, which is level with the street, the back doors being but two hundred and fifty feet distant from the wharf of the New York steamers, and are also contiguous to the railroad. The house handles dry goods and notions, including every conceivable article, comprised by these general headings. The firm are also sole agents for the celebrated Glenham Mills, whose products are standard on the market. The diversity and variety of the stock include every conceivable article suited to the trade of North and South Carolina, to which localites the house confines its operations. The firm enjoy the most intimate relations with manufacturers, importers and first hands generally. The house has an office also, at 93 Franklin street, New York, where they have a resident buyer, who is at all times on the alert to obtain the novelties of each season as readily as
<pb id="p59" n="59"/>
their contemporaries in the leading cities. A member of the firm also makes periodical visits to the metropolis. Messrs. I. M. Bear &amp; Co. have six commercial travellers constantly on the road. Mr. S. A. Woods makes his headquarters at Darlington, S. C., and serves all the territory adjacent. From Asheville, N. C., Mr. C. McGill attends to the trade centering from that city. Mr. C. M. McArthur travels the Wilmington and Weldon railroad and branches, Mr. G. J. McMillan calls on customers along the lines of the W. C. &amp; A. R. R., W. N. &amp; N. and branches, and Mr. H. C. Bear, a member of the firm, devotes his attention to customers along the S. A. L. and branches. Messrs. I. M. Bear and H. C. Bear, the proprietors, are both young men, full of push and ambition, who are fully alive to the signs of the times in which they live. They are prepared to place at the disposal of patrons such goods as are best suited to the market, at such prices as will compare favorably with any of their contemporaries, and at the same time assure the prompt filling of orders. Both gentlemen are prominent in social circles at Wilmington. They are interested in the B. P. O. E., and Mr. I. M. Bear is a trustee of that society, and of the Royal Arcanum. He is also a member of the Knights of Pythias and other organizations. He is a member of the Reserve Corps, Wilmington Light Infantry. Mr. H. C. Bear is an alumus of the University of North Carolina, and at the age of seventeen he left college and became a member of the present firm. With sufficient capital at command, purchasing agents at the centers of supply, and every facility and advantage that could be afforded by experience, credit and connections, this firm is certainly in a position to deal liberally and favorably with merchants within the circuit of its trade operations.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>WILLIAMS BROS., <lb/> Wholesale Grocers, Etc., 16 and 18 North Water Street.</head>
          <p>The transactions of the wholesale grocers of Wilmington represent a very large business, and no city of the same population in the South excels her in the number and high character of the houses engaged in this great department of commerce. Prominently identified with the trade here is the house of Williams Bros., which was established in 1885 as Williams, Rankin &amp; Co., the present firm being instituted in 1897. The premises utilized consist of a store of two floors at the above address, which occupy an area of 70×40 feet, and a three-story warehouse at the rear, forty feet square, used for the storage of salt, molasses, etc. A heavy stock, including all staple articles in heavy groceries is carried, which is obtained direct from manufacturers and producers in all instances, and generally in carload and cargo lots. The interests of patrons are catered for in every instance. One reason that Wilmington enjoys such an important business in this regard, lies in the fact that the jobber here thoroughly understands his market and knows exactly <hi rend="italics">what</hi> is required by merchants, and not only that, but <hi rend="italics">when</hi> it is required. Outside competitors in many instances are not so scrupulous, and often to make a sale will load up the merchant with what he does not want at the time, and thus cause him loss and embarrassment. The trade of the house extends to about 150 miles distant
<pb id="p60" n="60"/>
from Wilmington and is represented on the road by two commercial travellers. The members of the firm individually are: Messrs. D. M. Williams and J. K. Williams, gentlemen two well known to require personal comment here. We may state, however, that both are connected with the proprietorship of an important recently established enterprise, known as the Coal, Cement and Supply Company, of this city.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>H. A. TUCKER &amp; BROTHER, <lb/> Marble and Granite Workers, 310 North Front Street.</head>
          <p>The perfection now attained in the above department of mechanical art is strikingly illustrated in the work turned out by the firm of H. A. Tucker &amp; Bro., of this city. The house was founded about a dozen years ago as H. A. Tucker &amp; Co., the present designation being adopted the year following. Mr. H. A. Tucker died September, 1899, and the business has been continued by the brother, Mr. R. D. Tucker, the original title of the house, however, being retained. At the above indicated
<figure id="ill37" entity="wilm060"><p>[H. A. Tucker &amp; Brother, Marble and Granite Workers, 310 North Front Street]</p></figure>
address are located the office, sheds and yard, the whole being furnished with all required conveniences, about twenty men being employed, the majority of them being skilled workmen. The firm devote their energies to the production of marble and granite cemetery work of every description, stone work for building purposes, etc. The trade of the house is not by any means confined to this city, but extends throughout North and South Carolina generally and even penetrates further afield. Messrs. H. A. Tucker &amp; Bro. have agencies at various points, and notably at Orangeburg, S. C., Kinston, N. C., Benson, N. C., Plymouth, N. C., and Clinton, N. C. The firm are also represented by travelling agents, who submit plans and estimates and take orders. The house is the only one of the kind in the city and the leading one in the State. Its facilities are of the best, it has command of the services of the highest grade of labor, and its prices are based upon moderation and fair dealing. The firm have executed much notable work in the State. Thus, they built a large mausoleum and family monument, costing $10,000 for Col. K. M. Murchison, the L. Vollers monument costing $2,000, one for Dr. Love $500, another for Mrs. B. G. Worth, all in Oakdale Cemetery. At Bennettville they erected the
<pb id="p61" n="61"/>
Dudley monument at an expense of $800 and the Weathersby monument costing $700. These are but a selection of many hundreds which have been put up by the house. The firm do an extensive trade in stone for building purposes, and they are now supplying the stone for the new Murchison National Bank, now in course of erection here. Mr. R. D. Tucker is a gentleman of practical experience in his business, with a thorough knowledge of the trade with which he has been identified for twenty-five years. The pride of a house is in it work and every detail is carefully overlooked by the proprietor to ensure perfection and artistic excellence in every instance.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>HILTON LUMBER COMPANY, <lb/> Manufacturers of Lumber, Wilmington, N. C.</head>
          <p>This business was founded about 1856 by Mr. O. G. Parsley. Later the firm title was changed to Parsley &amp; Wiggins and subsequently Mr. W. L. Parsley became the sole proprietor. Finally, in 1894, the Hilton Lumber Company was organized with Mr. W. L. Parsley, the son of the founder, as president and Mr. R. A. Parsley, his grandson, as secretary and treasurer. The plant of the company covers about fifteen acres, with 1700 feet frontage on the river. The mechanical equipment is operated by steam of 500-horse power capacity. The machinery and appliances throughout are of the latest improved and best character. The tracks of the Atlantic Coast Line and Seaboard Air Line runs the entire length of the property, and ships can be loaded direct from the mill. The capacity of the mill is about 12,000,000 feet of dressed North Carolina pine and cypress lumber annually. About two hundred men are given employment at the mill and at the logging camps. The trade of the house is largely in New York and New England, and other Northern points. The company have also a factory for the manufacture of crates for shipping strawberries, etc. They turn out about 75,000 crates during the fruit shipping season. The gentlemen at the head of the enterprise are well qualified by experience to conduct the business. Mr. W. L. Parsley has been connected with it since 1876 and Mr. R. A. Parsley has had about ten years' experience of its details.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>J. H. SLOAN, <lb/> Cotton Exporter and Shipper, North Front Street.</head>
          <p>Wilmington has for many years been identified with the handling and export of cotton, and both before and since the war its operations in the staple have been very large. An enterprise, which for a lengthened period has been closely connected with the industry is that which is now conducted under the proprietorship of Mr. J. H. Sloan. The business is the outgrowth of a very old established concern, which, we believe, dates back almost to the first decade of the last century, having been started in 1811 by Mr. Jesse Cleveland, but it will only be required of us to allude to it subsequent to the year 1880, when the firm of Parratt &amp; Sloan was instituted. In 1882 the title of the house was J. H. Sloan &amp; Co. In 1886 it became Walker, Flemming &amp; Sloan, and finally, in 1891, Mr. J. H. Sloan assumed the sole control.
<pb id="p62" n="62"/>
The energies of the house are devoted to the handling of cotton, both for home demand and for export. The headquarters of the business are in the city, but the concern has branch establishments in various parts of the cotton belt where cotton is collected, compressed and shipped. Here it has every facility. The compress is conveniently located, in direct connection with the railroad system, and the steamers chartered for carrying cotton to Europe load up at the doors of the warehouse. The house ships North and South to manufacturers in this country, supplying many mills with their raw material, and transacts a large European business, shipping to Liverpool and the Continent. Mr. J. H. Sloan has for many years been identified with cotton manufacturing interests in the South. He is president of the Beaumont Manufacturing Company, of Spartanburg, S. C., and is a director of the Whitney Manufacturing Company, of Whitney, S. C., and of the Louise Mills, of Charlotte. He is also a director of the Merchants' and Farmers' Bank, at Spartanburg, and is a director in the Loan and Exchange Bank, at Laurence, S. C. Thus, it may be seen that this house is entitled to be quoted as an important factor in the cotton production carried on in the South.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <head>R. C. DeROSSET, <lb/> Books, Stationery, Etc., 107 Market Street.</head>
          <p>It is a pleasure for a while to indulge our pen in speaking of a business which caters to the more refined and œsthetic tastes of the community. We refer to the establishment of Mr. R. C. DeRosset, which was instituted here in the year 1899 and which has since succeeded in building up a reputation and patronage among the best classes of our residents. The premises at the above address consist of a building of two floors, all of which is devoted to the business. A large stock is carried, including books of every description, such as the latest novels of the day, works of travel, biography, history, gift books, and, in fact, all current literature. Here also may be obtained in large variety and of the best quality staple and fancy stationery, as well as commercial stationery, blank books and forms, etc., also fancy articles suitable for presents, pictures, engravings, etc., as well as picture frames to order as required. Mr. DeRosset obtains his goods direct from original sources under the most favorable conditions, and is alert to obtain all novelties as soon as they appear. His prices will be found eminently reasonable, and any goods not in stock will at once be procured for patrons at regular prices. Mr. DeRosset has here a circulating library, whereby the latest novels of the day may be read by patrons at a trifling cost. This is being always replenished and kept up-to-date. The house is also agent for the Columbia phonographs and keeps a stock of records and supplies at the disposal of the public. This house transacts an important mail order business soliciting enquiries and correspondence. Goods can thus be bought by mail upon equally as advantageous conditions as by a personal visit. Mr. R. C. DeRosset is a native of this city and is well known and popular. Though but comparatively few years in operation, his enterprise has taken a stable and prominent place among the high class sources of supply of the city.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="section">
          <pb id="p63" n="63"/>
          <head>ROBERT R. BELLAMY, <lb/> Wholesale and Retail Druggist, Front and Market Streets.</head>
          <p>
            <figure id="ill38" entity="wilm063">
              <p>[Robert R. Bellamy, Wholesale and Retail Druggist, Front and Market Streets.]</p>
            </figure>
          </p>
          <p>Our purpose to properly represent the distributing facilities of Wilmington makes it our duty to offer a few details relative to the facilties and history of this house. The business was established in the year 1885 upon a very limited scale, and it has been brought up to its present important position by enterprise and energy and a thorough appreciation of the requirements of this market. Mr. Bellamy transacts both a wholesale and retail business. In the latter department, here may be obtained the best quality and freshest of drugs, all standard patent medicines, toilet articles, etc. A specialty is made of the preparation of physicians' prescriptions and family recipes, every care being exercised in this department. In the wholesale branch of the business the house is represented on the road by two commercial travellers throughout North and South Carolina generally. The premises occupied, in addition to the store, which includes a building of four floors, comprise a warehouse adjoining, which affords every 