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        <title><emph>An Autobiography</emph>
<emph>The Story of the  Lord's Dealings with Mrs. Amanda Smith</emph>
<emph> the Colored Evangelist; Containing an   Account of Her Life Work 
of Faith, and Her Travels in America, England, Ireland, Scotland, 
India, and Africa, as
 an Independent Missionary:</emph>
Electronic Edition.</title>
        <author>Amanda Smith, 1837-1915</author>
        <funder>Funding from the National Endowment for the Humanities
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teaching and personal use as long as this statement of 
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            <title type="title page">  An Autobiography
The Story of the Lord's Dealings with Mrs. Amanda Smith the
Colored Evangelist; Containing an   Account of Her Life Work of Faith,
and Her Travels in America, England, Ireland, Scotland, India, and Africa, as
 an Independent Missionary</title>
            <author>Smith, Amanda</author>
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            <publisher>Meyer &amp; Brother, Publishers, 108 Washington Street,</publisher>
            <date>1893</date>
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    <front>
      <div1 type="cover">
        <p>
          <figure id="cover" entity="smithcv">
            <p>[Cover Image]</p>
          </figure>
        </p>
      </div1>
      <div1 type="spine">
        <p>
          <figure id="spine" entity="smithsp">
            <p>[Spine Image]</p>
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      <div1 type="Frontispiece">
        <p>
          <figure id="frontis" entity="smithfp">
            <p>[Frontispiece Image]</p>
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      </div1>
      <div1 type="Title page">
        <p>
          <figure id="title" entity="smithtp">
            <p>[Title Page Image]</p>
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      <div1 type="Title page verso">
        <p>
          <figure id="verso" entity="smithvs">
            <p>[Title Page Verso Image]</p>
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      </div1>
      <titlePage>
        <docTitle>
          <titlePart type="main">AN AUTOBIOGRAPHY</titlePart>
          <titlePart type="main">THE STORY OF THE LORD'S DEALINGS WITH
<lb/>
MRS. AMANDA SMITH
<lb/>
THE COLORED EVANGELIST</titlePart>
          <titlePart type="main">CONTAINING AN ACCOUNT OF HER LIFE WORK OF 
FAITH, AND HER TRAVELS<lb/>
IN AMERICA, ENGLAND, IRELAND, SCOTLAND, INDIA AND<lb/>
AFRICA, AS AN INDEPENDENT MISSIONARY.</titlePart>
        </docTitle>
        <byline>WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY<lb/>
BISHOP THOBURN, OF INDIA. </byline>
        <epigraph>
          <p>
            <hi rend="italics">“Hitherto the 
Lord hath helped me.”</hi>
          </p>
        </epigraph>
        <docImprint><pubPlace>CHICAGO:</pubPlace>
<publisher>MEYER &amp; BROTHER, PUBLISHERS,
108 WASHINGTON STREET,</publisher>
<docDate>1893.</docDate></docImprint>
        <pb id="smithverso" n="verso"/>
        <docImprint>Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1893, by<lb/>
AMANDA SMITH<lb/>
in the office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington.</docImprint>
      </titlePage>
      <div1 type="preface">
        <pb id="smithiii" n="iii"/>
        <head>PREFACE.</head>
        <p>For a number of years many of my friends have said to me, “You
ought to write out an account of your life, and let it he known how God
has led you out into His work.”</p>
        <p>Some time before that wonderful man of God, John S. Inskip, passed
away, he said, “Amanda, you ought to write,” and he kindly offered to
assist me in getting the items together.</p>
        <p>Many other friends in America, have said the same, and I have
replied, “I could not do it, for I don't know how to go about it,” and so
would not entertain the thought.</p>
        <p>Time passed on, and after I was in England a while, the friends there
began to say the same thing, and as an inducement to commence, told
me that it might be done much cheaper there than in America.</p>
        <p>As I was constantly on the go, and had no time to think about it, and
certainly none to write, things remained thus until after my return from
Africa. Then friends in different places again urged me to do this, and
being broken down in health, and so unable to labor as much as formerly,
I began to think of it more seriously and prayed much over it, asking the
Lord, if it was His will, to make it clear and settle me in it, and give me
something from His Word that I may have as an anchor.</p>
        <p>Asking thus for light and guidance, I opened my Bible while in
prayer, and my eye lighted on these words: “Now, therefore, perform the
doing of it, and as there was a readiness to will, so there may be a
performance also out of that which ye have.” (2nd Cor. viii: 11.)</p>
        <p>I said, “Lord, I thank Thee, for this is Thy Word to me, for what
I have asked of Thee. Praised be Thy name.”</p>
        <pb id="smithiv" n="iv"/>
        <p>And from that moment, my heart was settled to do it. But as the
time has gone, and so much has seemed to come if) to hinder, and several
persons who had kindly offered to assist me, were called away in one
direction or another, and I was so wearied and the task looked so big, my
heart began to fail me, and I thought I could not do it.</p>
        <p>Again I went to the Lord in prayer, and told Him all about it, and
asked Him what I should do, for His glory alone was all I sought. He
whispered to my heart, clearly and plainly, these words, “Fear thou not, I
will help thee.” (Isa. xli: 13.) Again I praised Him; so now I go forward
with full faith and trust that He will fulfill His own promise.</p>
        <p>My friends who know me best, will make allowances for all defects in
this autobiographical sketch; and I believe strangers also will be
charitable, when they know that my opportunities for an education have
been very limited indeed.</p>
        <p>Three months of schooling was all I ever had. That was at a school
for whites; though a few colored children were permitted to attend. To
this school my brother and I walked five and a half miles each day, in going
and returning, and the attention we received while there was only such as the
teacher could give after the requirements of the more favored
pupils had been met.</p>
        <p>In view of the deficiency in my early education, and other disadvantages
in this respect, under which I have labored, I crave the
indulgence of all who may read this simple and unvarnished story
of my life.</p>
        <closer>
          <signed>AMANDA SMITH.</signed>
        </closer>
      </div1>
      <div1 type="introduction">
        <pb id="smithv" n="v"/>
        <head>INTRODUCTION.</head>
        <p>During the summer of 1876, while attending a camp meeting 
Epworth Heights, near Cincinnati, my attention was drawn to
a colored lady dressed in a very plain garb, which reminded me
somewhat of that worn by the Friends in former days, who was
engaged in expounding a Bible lesson to a small audience.</p>
        <p>I was told that the speaker was Mrs. Amanda Smith, and that she
was a woman of remarkable gifts, who had been greatly blessed in various
parts of the country.</p>
        <p>Having spent nearly all my adult years on the other side of the globe,
my acquaintance in America was by no means an extensive one, and this
will explain the fact that I had never heard of this devout lady until I met
her at this camp meeting.</p>
        <p>Her remarks on the Bible lesson did not particularly impress me, and
it was not until the evening of the same day, when I chanced to be
kneeling near her at a prayer meeting, that I became impressed that she
was a person of more than ordinary power.</p>
        <p>The meetings of the day had not been very successful, and a spirit of
depression rested upon many of the leaders. A heavy rain had fallen, and
we were kneeling somewhat uncomfortably in the straw which surrounded
the preacher's stand.</p>
        <p>A number had prayed, and I was myself sharing the general feeling
of depression, when I was suddenly startled by the voice of song. I lifted
my head, and at a short distance, probably not more than two yards from
me, I saw the colored sister of the morning kneeling in an upright
position, with her hands spread out and her face all aglow.</p>
        <p>She had suddenly broken out with a triumphant song, and while I was
startled by the change in the order of the meeting, I was at once
absorbed with interest in the song and the singer.</p>
        <pb id="smithvi" n="vi"/>
        <p>Something like a hallowed glow seemed to rest upon the dark face
before me, and I felt in a second that she was possessed of a rare degree
of spiritual power.</p>
        <p>That invisible something which we are accustomed to call power, and
which is never possessed by any Christian believer except as one of
the fruits of the indwelling Spirit of God, was hers in a marked degree.</p>
        <p>From that time onward I regarded her as a gifted worker in the Lord's
vineyard, but I had still to learn that the enduement of the Spirit had
given her more than the one gift of spiritual power.</p>
        <p>A week later I met her at Lakeside, Ohio, and was again impressed in
the same way, but I then began to discover that she was not only a
woman of faith, but that she possessed a clearness of vision which I have
seldom found equaled.</p>
        <p>Her homely illustrations, her quaint expressions, her warmhearted
appeals, all possess the supreme merit of being so many vehicles for
conveying the living truths of the Gospel of Jesus Christ to the hearts of
those who are fortunate enough to hear her.</p>
        <p>A few years after my return to India, in 1876, I was delighted to
hear that this chosen and approved worker of the Master had decided to
visit this country. She arrived in 1879, and after a short stay in Bombay,
came over to the eastern side of the empire,
and assisted us for some time in Calcutta. She also returned two years
later, and again rendered us valuable assistance.</p>
        <p>The novelty of a colored woman from America, who had in
her childhood been a slave, appearing before an audience in Calcutta,
was sufficient to attract attention, but this alone would not
account for the popularity which she enjoyed throughout her
whole stay in our city.</p>
        <p>She was fiercely attacked by narrow minded persons in the daily
papers, and elsewhere, but opposition only seemed to add to her power.</p>
        <p>
          <hi rend="italics">During the seventeen years that I have lived in Calcutta, I have
known many famous strangers to visit the city, some of whom attracted
large audiences, but I have never known anyone who could draw and
hold so large an audience as Mrs. Smith.</hi>
        </p>
        <p>She assisted me both in the church and in open-air meetings, and
never failed to display the peculiar tact for which she is remarkable.</p>
        <p>I shall never forget one meeting which we were holding in an
<pb id="smithvii" n="vii"/>
open square, in the very heart of the city. It was at a time of no little
excitement, and some Christian preachers had been roughly handled in
the same square a few evenings before. I had just spoken myself, when I
noticed a great crowd of men and boys, who had succeeded in breaking up
a missionary's audience on the other side of the square, rushing towards us
with loud cries and threatening gestures.</p>
        <p>If left to myself I should have tried to gain the box on which the
speakers stood, in order to command the crowd, but at the critical moment, our
good Sister Smith knelt on the grass and began to pray. As the crowd
rushed up to the spot, and saw her with her beaming face upturned to the
evening sky, pouring out her soul in prayer, they became perfectly still,
and stood as if transfixed to the spot! Not even a whisper disturbed the
solemn silence, and when she had finished we had as orderly a meeting as
if we had been within the four walls of a church!</p>
        <p>In those days a well known theatrical manager, much given to
popular buffoonery, wrote to me inviting me to arrange to have Mrs.
Smith preach in his theatre on a certain Sunday evening. I was much
surprised on receiving the letter, and taking it to her told her I did not
know what it meant. Several friends, who chanced to be present, at once
began to dissuade her:</p>
        <p>“Do not go, Sister Amanda,” said several, speaking at once,
“the man merely wishes to have a good opportunity of seeing you, so
that he can take you off in his theatre. He has no good purpose in view.
Do not trust yourself to him under any circumstances.”</p>
        <p>After a moment's hesitation Mrs. Smith replied in language which I
shall never forget:</p>
        <p>“I am forbidden,” she said, “to judge any man. You would not wish
me to judge you, and would think it wrong if any of us should judge a
brother or sister in the church. What right have I to judge this man? I
have no more right to judge him than if he were a Christian.”</p>
        <p>She said she would pray over it and give her decision. She did so,
and decided to accept the invitation.</p>
        <p>When Sunday evening came the theatre was packed like a herring
box, while hundreds were unable to gain admission. I took charge of the
meeting, and after singing and prayer introduced our strange friend
from America.</p>
        <pb id="smithviii" n="viii"/>
        <p>She spoke simply and pointedly, alluding to the kindness of the
manager who had opened the doors of his theatre to her, in very
courteous terms, and evidently made a deep and favorable impression
upon the audience. There was no laughing, and no attempt was ever made
subsequently to ridicule her. As she was walking off the stage the manager
said to me;</p>
        <p>“If you want the theatre for her again do not fail to let me know. I
would do anything for that inspired woman.”</p>
        <p>During Mrs. Smith's stay in Calcutta she had opportunities for seeing
a good deal of the native community. Here, again, I was struck with her
extraordinary power of discernment. We have in Calcutta a class of
reformed Hindus called Brahmos. They are, as a class, a very worthy body
of men, and at that time were led by the distinguished Keshub
Chunder Sen.</p>
        <p>Every distinguished visitor who comes to Calcutta is sure to seek the
acquaintance of some of these Brahmos, and to study, more or less, the
reformed system which they profess and teach. I have often wondered
that so few, even of our ablest visitors, seem able to comprehend the real
character either of the men or of their new system. Mrs. Smith very
quickly found access to some of them, and beyond any other stranger
whom I have ever known to visit Calcutta, she formed a wonderfully
accurate estimate of the character, both of the men and of their religious
teaching.</p>
        <p>
          <hi rend="italics">She saw almost at a glance all that was strange and all that was
weak in the men and in their system.</hi>
        </p>
        <p>This penetrating power of discernment which she possesses in so
large a degree impressed me more and more the longer I knew her.
Profound scholars and religious teachers of philosophical bent seemed
positively inferior to her in the task of discovering the practical value of
men and systems which had attracted the attention of the world!</p>
        <p>I have already spoken of her clearness of perception and power of
stating the undimmed truth of the Gospel of Christ. Through association
with her, I learned many valuable lessons from her lips, and once before
an American audience, when Dr. W. F. Warren was exhorting young
preachers to be willing to learn from their own hearers, even though
many of the hearers might be comparatively illiterate, I ventured to
second his exhortation by telling the audience that I had learned more
that had been of
<pb id="smithix" n="ix"/>
actual value to me as a preacher of Christian truth from Amanda Smith
than from any other one person I had ever met.</p>
        <p>Throughout Mrs. Smith's stay in India she was always cheerful and
hopeful. In this respect, too, she differed from most visitors to our great
empire. Some adopt gloomy views as they look at the weakness of
Christianity, and observe the stupendous fortifications which have been
reared by the followers of the various false religions of the people.</p>
        <p>Some even yield to despair, and refuse to believe that India ever can
be saved or even benefited, while only a very few are able to believe not
only that India will yet become a Christian empire, but that Christ will
yet lift up the people of this land, and so revolutionize or transform
society as it exists to-day, as to make the people practically a new
people.</p>
        <p>Our good Sister Amanda Smith never belonged to any of these
despondent classes.</p>
        <p>She sometimes was touched by the pictures of misery which she saw
around her, but never became hopeless. She was of cheerful
temperament, it is true, but aside from personal feeling, she always
possessed a buoyant hope and an overcoming faith, which made it easy
for her to believe. that the Saviour, whom she loved and served, really
intended to save and transform India.</p>
        <p>Soon after Mrs. Smith's visit to India, another Virginian visited
Calcutta on his way around the globe. This was Mr. Moncure D. Conway.</p>
        <p>These two persons, Mrs. Smith and Mr. Conway, were representative
Virginians. They had been born in the same section of the country,
brought up as Methodists, and were thoroughly acquainted, one by
observation and the other by experience, with the terrible character of
the American slave system.</p>
        <p>Mr. Conway in early life was for several years a Methodist preacher,
but by his own published confession he never comprehended what the
true spirit of Methodism was. He was at one time a well known and
somewhat popular Unitarian minister, but finding the Unitarians too
narrow and orthodox for a man of his liberal mind, he set up an
independent church or organization of some kind, in London, and
preached to an obscure little congregation for a number of years, until his
last experiment ended in confessed failure.</p>
        <p>His recorded impressions received in India were of the most
<pb id="smithx" n="x"/>
gloomy kind. He saw nothing to hope for in the condition of the people,
and looked at them in their helpless state with blank bewilderment, if not
despair. He passed through the empire without leaving a single trace of
light behind him, without making an impression for good upon any heart
or life, without finding an open door by which to make any man or
woman happier or better, without, in short, seeing even a single ray of
hope shining upon what he regarded as a dark and benighted land.</p>
        <p>Mrs. Smith, the other Virginian, without a tittle of Mr. Conway's
learning, and deprived of nearly every advantage which he had enjoyed,
not only retained the faith of her childhood, but matured and developed it
until it attained a standard of purity and strength rarely witnessed in our
world.</p>
        <p>She also came to India, but unlike the other Virginian, she cherished
hope where he felt only despair, she saw light where he perceived only
darkness, she found opportunities everywhere for doing good which
wholly escaped his observation, and during her two years' stay in the
country where she went, she traced out a pathway of light in the midst of
the darkness!</p>
        <p>As she left the country she could look back upon a hundred homes
which were brighter and better because of her coming, upon hundreds of
hearts whose burdens had been lightened and whose sorrows had been
sweetened by reason of her public and private ministry.</p>
        <p>
          <hi rend="italics">She is gratefully remembered to this day by thousands in the land.</hi>
        </p>
        <p>Her life affords a striking comment at once upon the value of the
New Testament to those who receive it, both in letter and in spirit, and
upon the hopelessness of the Gospel of unbelief which obtains so wide a
hearing at the present day.</p>
        <p>A thousand Virginians of the Conway stripe might come and go for
a thousand years without making India any better, but a thousand Amanda
Smiths would suffice to revolutionize an empire!</p>
        <p>I am very glad to learn that Mrs. Smith has at last been induced to
yield to the importunities of friends and prepare a sketch of her eventful
life. I trust that the story will be told without reserve in all its simplicity,
as well as in all its strength, and I doubt not that God will crown this last
of her many labors with abundant blessings.</p>
        <closer><signed>J. M. THOBURN.</signed>
<dateline>CALCUTTA, <date>October 22, 1891</date></dateline></closer>
      </div1>
      <div1 type="contents">
        <pb id="smithxi" n="xi"/>
        <head>CONTENTS.</head>
        <list type="simple">
          <item>CHAPTER I. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith17">17</ref>
<lb/>
BIRTH, PARENTAGE AND DELIVERANCE FROM SLAVERY
THROUGH THE CONVERSION OF MY MOTHER'S
YOUNG MISTRESS—MY PIOUS GRANDMOTHER.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER II. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith24">24</ref>
<lb/>
REMOVAL TO PENNSYLVANIA—GOING TO SCHOOL—
FIRST RELIGIOUS EXPERIENCES—PERNICIOUS READING.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER III. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith31">31</ref>
<lb/>SOME OF THE REMEMBRANCES OF MY GIRLHOOD 
DAYS—HELPING RUNAWAYS—MY MOTHER
AROUSED—A NARROW ESCAPE—A TOUCHING STORY.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER IV. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith39">39</ref>
<lb/>MOVING FROM LOWE'S FARM—MARRIAGE—CONVERSION.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER V. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith50">50</ref>
<lb/>HOW I BOUGHT MY SISTER FRANCES AND HOW THE
LORD PAID THE DEBT.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER VI. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith57">57</ref>
<lb/>MARRIAGE AND DISAPPOINTED HOPES—RETURN TO
PHILADELPHIA—A STRANGER IN NEW YORK—
MOTHER JONES' HELP—DEATH OF MY FATHER.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER VII. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith73">73</ref>
<lb/>THE BLESSING—ABOUT SEEKING SANCTIFICATION 
BY WORKS.</item>
          <pb id="smithxii" n="xii"/>
          <item>CHAPTER VIII. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith92">92</ref>
<lb/>MY FIRST TEMPTATION, AND OTHER EXPERIENCES—I
GO TO NEW UTRECHT TO SEE MY HUSBAND—
A LITTLE EXPERIENCE AT BEDFORD STREET
CHURCH, NEW YORK—FAITH HEALING.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER IX. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith103">103</ref>
<lb/>VARIOUS EXPERIENCES—HIS PRESENCE—OBEDIENCE—MY
TEMPTATION TO LEAVE THE CHURCH—
WHAT PEOPLE THINK—SATISFIED.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER X. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith121">121</ref>
<lb/>
“THY WILL BE DONE,” AND HOW THE SPIRIT TAUGHT
ME ITS MEANING, ALSO THAT OF SOME OTHER
PASSAGES OF SCRIPTURE—MY DAUGHTER MAZIE'S
CONVERSION.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER XI. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith132">132</ref>
<lb/>
MY CALL TO GO OUT—AN ATTACK FROM SATAN—HIS
SNARE BROKEN—MY PERPLEXITY IN REGARD
TO THE TRINITY—MANIFESTATION OF JESUS—
WAS IT A DREAM?</item>
          <item>CHAPTER XII. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith147">147</ref>
<lb/>
MY LAST CALL—HOW I OBEYED IT, AND WHAT WAS
THE RESULT.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER XIII. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith164">164</ref>
<lb/>MY REMEMBRANCES OF CAMP MEETING—SECOND CAMP
MEETING—SINGING—OBEDIENCE IS BETTER
THAN SACRIFICE.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER XIV. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith176">176</ref>
<lb/>KENNEBUNK CAMP MEETING—HOW I GOT THERE, AND
WAS ENTERTAINED—A GAZING STOCK—HAMILTON
CAMP MEETING—A TRIP TO VERMONT—
THE LOST TRUNK, AND HOW IT WAS FOUND.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER XV. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith193">193</ref>
<lb/>MY EXPERIENCE AT DR. TAYLOR'S CHURCH, NEW YORK,
AND ELSEWHERE—THE GENERAL CONFERENCE
AT NASHVILLE— HOW I WAS TREATED AND HOW
IT ALL CAME OUT—HOW THINGS CHANGE.</item>
          <pb id="smithxiii" n="xiii"/>
          <item>CHAPTER XVI. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith205">205</ref>
<lb/>
HOW I GOT TO KNOXVILLE, TENN., TO THE NATIONAL CAMP
MEETING, AND WHAT FOLLOWED.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER XVII. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith215">215</ref>
<lb/>
SEA CLIFF CAMP MEETING, JULY, 1872—FIRST THOUGHTS OF
AFRICA—MAZIE'S EDUCATION AND MARRIAGE—MY
EXPERIENCE AT YARMOUTH.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER XVIII. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith225">225</ref>
<lb/>PITTMAN CHURCH, PHILADELPHIA—HOW I BECAME THE
OWNER OF A HOUSE, AND WHAT BECAME OF IT—THE
MAYFLOWER MISSION, BROOKLYN—AT
DR. CUYLER'S.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER XIX. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith240">240</ref>
<lb/>BROOKLYN—CALL TO GO TO ENGLAND—BALTIMORE—
VOYAGE OVER.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER XX. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith255">255</ref>
<lb/>
LIME STREET STATION, LIVERPOOL, ENGLAND, AND THE.
RECEPTION I MET WITH THERE—PAGES FROM MY
DIARY.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER XXI. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith266">266</ref>
<lb/>VISIT TO SCOTLAND, LONDON, AND OTHER PLACES—;
CONVERSATION WITH A CURATE—GREAT MEETING AT
PERTH—HOW I CAME TO GO TO INDIA.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER XXII. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith286">286</ref>
<lb/>IN PARIS—ON THE WAY TO INDIA—FLORENCE—ROME—
NAPLES—EGYPT.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER XXIII. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith300">300</ref>
<lb/>INDIA—NOTES FROM MY DIARY—BASSIM—A BLESSING AT
FAMILY PRAYER—NAINI TAL—TERRIBLE FLOODS AND
DESTRUCTION OF LIFE.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER XXIV. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith317">317</ref>
<lb/>
THE GREAT MEETING AT BANGALORE—THE ORPHANAGE AT
COLAR—BURMAH—CALCUTTA—ENGLAND.</item>
          <pb id="smithxiv" n="xiv"/>
          <item>CHAPTER XXV. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith331">331</ref>
<lb/>
AFRICA—INCIDENTS OF THE VOYAGE—MONROVIA—
FIRST FOURTH OF JULY THERE—A SCHOOL FOR
BOYS—CAPE PALMAS—BASSA—TEMPERANCE
WORK—THOMAS ANDERSON</item>
          <item>CHAPTER XXVI. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith346">346</ref>
<lb/>FORTSVILLE—TEMPERANCE MEETINGS—EVIL CUSTOMS—
THOMAS BROWN—BALAAM—JOTTINGS FROM
THE JUNK RIVER—BROTHER HARRIS IS SANCTIFIED.</item>
          <item>CHARTER XXVII. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith362">362</ref>
<lb/>CONFERENCE AT MONROVIA—ENTERTAINING THE
BISHOP—SIERRA LEONE—GRAND CANARY—A
STRANGE DREAM—CONFERENCE AT BASSA—
BISHOP TAYLOR.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER XXVIII. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith378">378</ref>
<lb/>OLD CALABAR—VICTORIA'S JUBILEE—CAPE MOUNT—
CLAY-ASHLAND HOLINESS ASSOCIATION—RELIGION OF
AFRICA—TRIAL FOR WITCHCRAFT—THE
WOMEN OF AFRICA.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER XXIX. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith393">393</ref>
<lb/>HOW I CAME TO TAKE LITTLE BOB—TEACHING HIM
TO READ—HIS CONVERSION—SOME OF HIS
TRIALS, AND HOW HE MET THEM—BOB GOES TO
SCHOOL.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER XXX. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith406">406</ref>
<lb/>NATIVE BABIES—VISIT TO CREEKTOWN—NATIVE
SUPERSTITIONS—PRODUCTS OF AFRICA—DISAPPOINTED EMIGRANTS.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER XXXI. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith418">418</ref>
<lb/>LIBERIA—BUILDINGS—THE RAINY SEASON—SIERRA
LEONE—ITS PEOPLE—SCHOOLS—WHITE MISSIONARIES—
COMMON SENSE NEEDED—BROTHER
JOHNSON'S EXPERIENCE—HOW WE GET ON IN
AFRICA.</item>
          <pb id="smithxv" n="xv"/>
          <item>CHAPTER XXXII. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith431">431</ref>
<lb/>CAPE PALMAS—HOW I GOT THERE—BROTHER
WARE—BROTHER SHARPER'S EXPERIENCE—A GREAT
REVIVAL.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER XXXIII. . . . .  <ref targOrder="U" target="smith451">451</ref>
<lb/>EMIGRATION TO LIBERIA—SCHOOLS OF LIBERIA—MISSION
SCHOOLS—FALSE IMPRESSIONS—IGNORANCE AND
HELPLESSNESS OF EMIGRANTS—AFRICAN ARISTOCRACY.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER XXXIV. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith466">466</ref>
<lb/>
LETTERS AND TESTIMONIALS—BISHOP TAYLOR—
CHURCH AT MONROVIA—UPPER CALDWELL—_
SIERRA LEONE—GREENVILLE—CAPE PALMAS
BAND OF HOPE TEMPERANCE SOCIETY AT
MONROVIA—LETTERS—MRS. PAYNE—MRS.
DENMAN—MRS. INSKIP—REV. EDGAR M. LEVY—ANNIE 
WITTENMYER—DR. DORCHESTER—MARGARET
BOTTOME—MISS WILLARD—LADY HENRY SOMERSET.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER XXXV. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith486">486</ref>
<lb/>
RETURN TO LIVERPOOL—FAITH HEALING—BISHOP
TAYLOR LEAVES AGAIN FOR AFRICA—USE OF
MEANS—THE STORY OF MY BONNET—TOKENS
OF GOD'S HELP AFTER MY RETURN FROM AFRICA.</item>
          <item>CHAPTER XXXVI. . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="smith498">498</ref>
<lb/>WORK IN ENGLAND—IN LIVERPOOL, LONDON, MANCHESTER,
AND VARIOUS OTHER PLACES—I
GO TO SCOTLAND AND IRELAND—SECURE
PASSAGE TO NEW YORK—INCIDENTS OF
THE VOYAGE—HOME AGAIN—CONCLUDING WORDS.</item>
        </list>
      </div1>
      <div1 type="illustrations">
        <pb id="smithxvi" n="xvi"/>
        <head>LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.</head>
        <list type="simple">
          <item>MRS. AMANDA SMITH, . . . . . 
<ref targOrder="U" target="frontis"><hi rend="italics">Frontispiece</hi></ref>.</item>
          <item>MR. SAMUEL BERRY, FATHER OF AMANDA SMITH, . . . . . 
<ref targOrder="U" target="ill1">62</ref></item>
          <item>MAZIE D. SMITH, . . . . . 
<ref targOrder="U" target="ill2">124</ref></item>
          <item>MARKET PLACE, BOMBAY, . . . . . 
<ref targOrder="U" target="ill3">300</ref></item>
          <item>PREPARING A MEAL, BOMBAY, . . . . . 
<ref targOrder="U" target="ill4">304</ref></item>
          <item>HILL MEN. NAINI TAL, . . . . . 
<ref targOrder="U" target="ill5">310</ref></item>
          <item>NIANI TAL, BEFORE THE LAND SLIDE, . . . . . 
<ref targOrder="U" target="ill6">314</ref></item>
          <item>NATIVE CHRISTIAN FAMILY, INDIA, . . . . . 
<ref targOrder="U" target="ill7">324</ref></item>
          <item>COOPER'S WHARF, MONROVIA, . . . . . 
<ref targOrder="U" target="ill8">332</ref></item>
          <item>THE PAINE FAMILY, . . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="ill9">336</ref></item>
          <item>ASHMAN STREET, MONROVIA, . . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="ill10">338</ref></item>
          <item>MY FIRST SUNDAY SCHOOL, PLUKIE, . . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="ill11">348</ref></item>
          <item>HOME OF PRESIDENT JOHNSON, . . . . . 
<ref targOrder="U" target="ill12">352</ref></item>
          <item>NATIVE SOLDIERS, LIBERIA, . . . . . 
<ref targOrder="U" target="ill13">356</ref></item>
          <item>HOME OF LATE PRESIDENT ROBERTS, . . . . . 
<ref targOrder="U" target="ill14">364</ref></item>
          <item>KATE ROACH, SIERRE LEONE, . . . . . 
<ref targOrder="U" target="ill15">368</ref></item>
          <item>ON THE ST. PAUL RIVER, . . . . . 
<ref targOrder="U" target="ill16">372</ref></item>
          <item>GENERAL SHERMAN'S HOUSE, MONROVIA, . . . . . 
<ref targOrder="U" target="ill17">380</ref></item>
          <item>FRANCES, NATIVE BASSA GIRL, . . . . .
 <ref targOrder="U" target="ill18">390</ref></item>
          <item>BOB, . . . . . <ref targOrder="U" target="ill19">396</ref></item>
          <item>BAPTIST MISSION STATION, . . . . . 
<ref targOrder="U" target="ill20">420</ref></item>
          <item>BOYS OF MISSION SCHOOL, . . . . . 
<ref targOrder="U" target="ill21">422</ref></item>
          <item>MISSION SCHOOL, ROTIFUNK, . . . . . 
<ref targOrder="U" target="ill22">424</ref></item>
          <item>CAPE PALMAS, . . . . . 
<ref targOrder="U" target="ill23">432</ref></item>
          <item>BISHOP TAYLOR HOLDING A PALAVER, . . . . . 
<ref targOrder="U" target="ill24">456</ref></item>
          <item>THE RECEPTACLE FOR EMIGRANTS, LIBERIA, . . . . . 
<ref targOrder="U" target="ill25">460</ref></item>
        </list>
      </div1>
    </front>
    <body>
      <div1 type="narrative">
        <pb id="smith17" n="17"/>
        <head>AUTOBIOGRAPHY
<lb/>
OF
<lb/>
AMANDA SMITH.</head>
        <div2 type="chapter">
          <head>CHAPTER I.</head>
          <argument>
            <p>BIRTH, PARENTAGE AND DELIVERANCE FROM SLAVERY THROUGH THE
CONVERSION OF MY MOTHER'S YOUNG MISTRESS—MY PIOUS
GRANDMOTHER.</p>
          </argument>
          <p>I was born at Long Green, Md., Jan. 23rd, 1837. My father's
name was Samuel Berry. My mother's name, Mariam. Matthews
was her maiden name. My father's master's name was Darby
Insor. My mother's master's name, Shadrach Green. They lived
on adjoining, farms. They did not own as large a number of black
people, as some who lived in the neighborhood. My father and
mother had each a good master and mistress, as was said. After
my father's master died, his young master, Mr. E., and himself,
had all the charge of the place. They had been boys together,
but as father was the older of the two, and was a trustworthy servant, his
mistress depended on him, and much was entrusted to his care. As the
distance to Baltimore was only about twenty miles, more or less, my
father went there with the farm produce once or twice a week, and would
sell or buy, and bring the money home to his mistress. She was very kind,
and was proud of him for his faithfulness, so she gave him a chance to buy himself.
She
<pb id="smith18" n="18"/>
allowed him so much for his work and a chance to
what extra he could for himself. So he used to make brooms
and husk mats and take them to market with the produce.
This work he would do nights after his day's work was
done for his mistress. He was a great lime burner. Then in
harvest time, after working for his mistress all day, he would
walk three and four miles, and work in the harvest field till one
and two o'clock in the morning, then go home and lie down and
sleep for an hour or two, then up and at it again. He had an
important and definite object before him, and was willing to sacrifice
sleep and rest in order to accomplish it. It was not his own
liberty alone, but the freedom of his wife and five children. For
this he toiled day and night. He was a strong man, with an
excellent constitution, and God wonderfully helped him in his
struggle. After he had finished paying for himself, the next was
to buy my mother and us children. There were thirteen children
in all, of whom only three girls are now living. Five were born in
slavery. I was the oldest girl, and my brother, William Talbart,
the oldest boy. He was named after a gentleman named Talbart
Gossage, who was well known all through that part of the country.
I think he was some relation of Mr. Ned Gossage, who lost his life
at Carlisle, Pa., some time before the war, in trying to capture two
of his black boys who had run away for their freedom. I remember
distinctly. the great excitement at the time. The law then
was that a master could take his slave anywhere he caught him.
These boys had been gone for a year or more, and. were in Carlisle
when he heard of their whereabouts. He determined to go after
them. So he took with him the constable and one or two others.
Many of his friends did not want him to go, but he would not hear
them. I used to think how strange it was, he being a professed
Christian, and a class leader in the Methodist Church, and at the
time a leader of the colored people's class, that he should be so
blinded by selfishness and greed that he should risk his own life to
put into slavery again those who sought only for freedom. How
selfishness, when allowed to rule us, will drive us on, and make us
act in spirit like the great enemy of our soul, who ever seeks to
recapture those who have escaped from the bondage of sin. How
we need to watch and pray, and on our God rely.</p>
          <p>He did not capture the boys, but in the struggle he lost his own life,
and was brought home dead.</p>
          <pb id="smith19" n="19"/>
          <p>But I turn again to my story. As I have said, my father having paid
for himself was anxious to purchase his wife and children;
and to show how the Lord helped in this, I must here tell of the
wonderful conversion of my mother's young mistress and of her
subsequent death, and the marvelous answer to my grandmother's
prayers.</p>
          <p>There was a Methodist Camp Meeting held at what was at that
time called Cockey's Camp Ground. It was, I think, about twenty
miles away, and the young mistress, with a number of other young
people, went to this meeting. My mother went along to assist and
wait on Miss Celie, as she had always done. It was an old-fashioned, red-hot
Camp Meeting. These young people went just as
a kind of picnic, and to have a good time looking on. They were
staunch Presbyterians, and had no affinity with anything of that
kind. They went more out of curiosity, to see the Methodists
shout and hollow, than anything else; because they did shout and
hollow in those days, tremendously. Of course they were respectful.
They went in to the morning meeting and sat down quietly
to hear the sermon; then they purposed walking about the other
part of the day, looking around, and having a pleasant time. As
they sat in the congregation, the minister preached in demonstration
of the Power and of the Holy Ghost. My mother said it was
a wonderful time. The spirit of the Lord got hold of my young
mistress, and she was mightily convicted and converted right there
before she left the ground; wonderfully converted in the old-fashioned way;
the shouting, hallelujah way. Of course it disgusted those who were with her.
They were terribly put out.
Everything was spoiled, and they did Dot know how to get her
home. They coaxed her, but thank the Lord, she got struck
through. Then they laughed at her a little. Then they scolded
her, and ridiculed her; but they could not do anything with her.
Then they begged her to be quiet; told her if she would just be
quiet, and wait till they got home, and wait till morning, they
would be satisfied. My mother was awfully glad that the Lord
had answered her and grandmother's prayer. As I have heard my
mother tell this story she has wept as though it had just been a
few days ago. Mother had only been converted about two years
before this, and had always prayed for Miss Celie, so her heart was
bounding with gladness when Miss Celie was converted. But of course she
must hold on and keep as quiet as possible; they had
<pb id="smith20" n="20"/>
enough to contend with, with Miss Celie. Mother said she sat in
the back part of the carriage and prayed all the time. Alter
coaxing her awhile she said she would try and keep quiet, and
wait till morning. But when she got home she could not keep
quiet, but began first thing to praise the Lord and shout. It
aroused the whole house, and of course they were frightened, and
thought she had lost her mind. But nay, verily, she had received
the King, and there was great joy in the city. They got up and
wondered what was the matter. They thought she was dreadfully
excited at this meeting. They did all they could to quiet her, but
they could not do much with her. But finally they did get her
quiet and she went to bed. But her heart was so stirred and filled.
She wanted to go then to where they would have lively meetings.
She wanted to go to the Methodist church. Oh my! That was
intolerable. They could not allow that. Then she wanted to go
to the colored people's church. No, they would not have that.
So they kept her from going. Then they separated my mother
and her. They thought maybe mother might talk to her, and
keep up the excitement. So they never let them be together at all,
if possible. About a quarter of a mile away was the great dairy,
and Miss Celie used to slip over there when she got a chance and
have a good time praying with mother and grandmother. Finally
they found they could do nothing with Miss Celie. So the young
people decided they would get together and have a ball and get
the notion out of her head. So they planned for a ball, and got all
ready. The gentlemen would call on Miss Celie; she was very
much admired, anyhow; and they would talk, and they did everything 
they could. She did not seem to take to it. But finally she
said to mother one day, “Well, Mary, it's no use; they won't let
me go to meeting anywhere I want to go, and I might as well give
up and go to this ball.” But my mother said, “Hold on, my dear,
the Lord will deliver you.” She used to put on her sunbonnet
and slip down through the orchard and go down to the dairy and
tell mother and grandmother; mother used to assist grandmother
in the dairy. One day mother said she came down and said:</p>
          <p>“Oh! Mary, I can't hold out any longer; they insist on my
going to that ball, and I have decided to go. It's no use.” So
they had a good cry together, went off and prayed, and that
was the last prayer about the ball. How strange! And yet God
had that all in his infinite mercy—opening the prison to them
<pb id="smith21" n="21"/>
that were bound. Just a week before the ball came off, Miss Celie taken
down with typhoid fever. They didn't think she was
going to die when she was taken down, but they sent for the doctors,
the best in the land. Four of them watched over her night
and day. Everything was done for her that could be done. She always
wanted mother with her, to sit up in the bed and hold her; she seemed
only to rest comfortably then. She seemed to have sinking spells. The
skill of the doctors was baffled, and they said they could not do any
more. So one day after one of these sinking spells, she called them all
around her bed and said: “I want to speak to you. I have one request I
want to make.”</p>
          <p>They said, “Anything, my dear.”</p>
          <p>“I want you to promise me that you will let Samuel have Mariam
and the children.” Then they had my mother get up out of the bed at
once. Of course they didn't want her to hear that; and they said:</p>
          <p>“Now, my dear, if you will keep quiet, you may be a little better.”
And then she went off in a kind of sinking spell. When she said this, and
they sent my mother out, she ran with all her might and told
grandmother, and grandmother's faith saw the door open for the freedom
of her grandchildren; and she ran out into the bush and told Jesus. Of
course my mother had to hurry back so as not to be missed in the house. 
Miss Celie went on that way for three days, and they would quiet her
down. When the second day came, and she made the request, and they
sent my mother out, she ran and told grandmother that Miss Celie had
made the same request; then she ran back to the house again, and
grandmother went out and told Jesus. At last it came to the third and last
day, and the doctor said: “She can only last such a length of time without
there is a change; so what you do, you must do quickly.”</p>
          <p>Mother was in the bed behind her, holding her up. She called them
all again, and said, “I want you to make me one promise; that is, that
you will let Samuel have Mariam and the children.”</p>
          <p>“Oh! yes, my dear,” they said, “we will do anything.”</p>
          <p>My mother was a great singer. When Miss Celie got the promise,
she folded her hands together, and leaning her head upon my mother's
breast she said, “Now, Mary, sing.”</p>
          <p>And as best she could, she did sing. It was hard work, for her heart
was almost broken, for she loved her as one of her own
<pb id="smith22" n="22"/>
children. While she sang, Miss Celie's sweet spirit swept through the
gate, washed in the blood of the lamb. Hallelujah! what a Saviour. How
marvelous that God should lead in this mysterious way to accomplish this
end.</p>
          <p>I often say to people that I have a right to shout more than some
folks; I have been bought twice, and set free twice, and so I feel I have a
good right to shout. Hallelujah!</p>
          <p>I was quite small when my father bought us, so know nothing
about the experience of slavery, because I was too young to have
any trials of it. How well I remember my old mistress. She
dressed very much after the Friends' style. She was very kind
to me, and I was a good deal spoiled, for a little darkey. If I
wanted a piece of bread, and if it was not buttered and sugared on
both sides, I wouldn't have it; and when mother would get out of
patience with me, and go for a switch, I would run to my old mistress
and wrap myself up in her apron, and I was safe. And oh!
how I loved her for that. They were getting me ready for market,
but I didn't know it. I suppose that is why they allowed me to
do many things that otherwise I should not have been allowed to
do. They used to take me in the carriage with them to church on
Sunday. How well I remember my pretty little green satin hood,
lined inside with pink. How delighted I was when they used to
take me. Then the young ladies would often make pretty little
things and give to my mother for me. Mother was a good seamstress;
she used to make all of our clothes, and all of father's every
day clothes—coats, pants and vests. She had a wonderful faculty
in this; she had but to see a thing of any style of dress or coat, or
what-not, and she would come home and cut it out. People used
to wonder at it. There were no Butterick's patterns then that she
could get hold of. So one had to have a good head on them if
they kept nearly in sight of things. But somehow mother was
always equal to any emergency. My dear old mistress used to
knit. I would follow her around. Sometimes she would walk out
into the yard and sit under the trees, and I would drag the chair
after her; I was too small to carry it. She would sit down awhile,
and I would gather pretty flowers. When she got tired she would
walk to another spot, and I would drag the chair again. So we
would spend several hours in this way. My father had proposed
buying us some time before, but could not be very urgent. He had
to ask, and then wait a long interval before he could ask again.
<pb id="smith23" n="23"/>
Two of the young ladies of our family were to be married, and as
my brother and myself were the oldest of the children, one of us
would have gone to one, and one to the other, as a dowry. But
how God moves in a mysterious way His wonders to perform. My
grandmother was a woman of deep piety and great faith. I have
often heard my mother say that it was to the prayers and mighty
faith of my grandmother that we owed our freedom. How I do
praise the Lord for a Godly grandmother, as well as mother. She
had often prayed that God would open a way so that her grandchildren
might be free. The families into which these young ladies
were to marry, were not considered by the black folks as good
masters and mistresses as we had; and that was one of my grandmother's 
anxieties. And so she prayed and believed that somehow
God would open a way for our deliverance. She had often tried
and proved Him, and found Him to be a present help in trouble.
And so in the way I have already related, the Lord did provide,
and my father was permitted to purchase our freedom.</p>
          <lg type="poem">
            <l>“In some way or other</l>
            <l>The Lord will provide;</l>
            <l>It may not be my way,</l>
            <l>It may not be thy way,</l>
            <l>And yet in His own way,</l>
            <l>The Lord will provide.”</l>
          </lg>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="chapter">
          <pb id="smith24" n="24"/>
          <head>CHAPTER II.</head>
          <argument>
            <p>REMOVAL TO PENNSYLVANIA—GOING TO SCHOOL—FIRST RELIGIOUS
EXPERIENCES—PERNICIOUS READING.</p>
          </argument>
          <p>After my father had got us all free and settled, he wanted to
go and see his brother, who had run away for his freedom several
years before my father bought himself. The laws of Maryland at
that time were, that if a free man went out of the state and stayed
over ten days, he lost his residence, and could be taken up and sold,
unless some prominent white person interposed; and then sometimes
with difficulty they might get him off. But many times
poor black men were kidnapped, and would be got out of the way
quick. For men who did that sort of business generally looked
out for good opportunities. My mother's people all lived in Maryland.
She hated to leave her mother, my dear grandmother, and
so never would consent to go North. But when my father went
away to see his brother, and stayed over the ten days, she thought
best to go. Poor mother! How well I remember her. After a
week how anxious she was. She used to sit by the fire nearly all
night. It was in the fall of the year I know, but I am not able to
tell just what year it was. After my father's death, my sister,
not knowing the value of the free papers, allowed them all to be
destroyed. We were all recorded in the Baltimore court house.
Many times I had seen my father show the papers to people. They
had a large red seal—the county seal—and my father, or any of us
traveling, would have to show our free papers. But those I have
not got, so cannot tell the, year or date. But, by and by, the ninth
day came. I saw my mother walk the floor, look out of the window,
and sigh. I used to get up out of my bed and sit in the
corner by the fire and watch her, and see the great tears as she
would wipe them away with her apron. She would say; “Amanda, why
don't you stay in bed?”</p>
          <pb id="smith25" n="25"/>
          <p>I would make an excuse to stay with her. Sometimes I would cry and
say I was sick. Then she would call me to her and let me lay my head in
her lap; and there is no place on earth so sweet to a child as a mother's
lap. I can almost feel the tender, warm, downy lap of my mother now as
I write, for so it seemed to me. I loved my father, and thought he was
the grandest man that ever lived. I was always the favorite of my father,
and I was sorry enough when he was away, and when I saw my mother
cry, I would cry, too. Ten days had passed, and father had not come yet.</p>
          <p>Every day some of the good farmers around would call to see if “Sam”
had got home yet. My father was much respected by all the best white
people in that neighborhood, and many of them would not have said
anything to him; but, “If nothing was said to Insor's Sam about going
out of the state and staying over ten days, why all the niggers in the
county would be doing the same thing!”</p>
          <p>So this was the cause or the inquiry. Oh! no one knows the
sadness and agony of my poor mother's heart. Finally the day
came when father returned. Then the friends, white and black,
who wished him well, advised him to leave as quickly as possible.
And now the breaking up. We were doing well, and father and
mother had all the work they could do. The white people in the
neighborhood were kind, and gave my mother a good many things,
so that we children always had plenty to eat and wear. We had
a house, a good large lot, and a good garden, pigs, chickens, and
turkeys. And then my mother was a great economist. She could
make a little go a great ways. She was a beautiful washer and
ironer, and a better cook never lifted a pot. I get my ability in
that (if I have any) from my dear mother. Then withal she was
an earnest Christian, and had strong faith in God, as did also my
grandmother. She was deeply pious, and a woman of marvelous
faith and prayer. For the reason stated my parents determined
to move from Maryland, and so went to live on a farm owned by
John Lowe, and situated on the Baltimore and York turnpike in
the State of Pennsylvania.</p>
          <p>My father and mother both could read. But I never remember
hearing them tell how they were taught. Father was the
better reader of the two. Always on Sunday morning after breakfast
he would call us children around and read the Bible to us. I
<pb id="smith26" n="26"/>
never knew him to sit down to a meal, no matter how scant, but
what he would ask God's blessing before eating. Mother was very
thoughtful and scrupulously economical. She could get up the
best dinner out of almost nothing of anybody I ever saw in my
life. She often cheered my father's heart when he came home at
night and said: “Well, mother, how have you got on to-day?”</p>
          <p>“Very well,” she would say. It was hard planning sometimes; yet we
children never had to go to bed hungry. After our evening meal, so often
of nice milk and mush, she would call us children and make us all say our
prayers before we went to bed. I never remember a time when I went to
bed without saying the Lord's Prayer as it was taught me by my mother.
Even before we were free I was taught to say my prayers.</p>
          <p>I first went to school at the age of eight years, to the daughter
of an old Methodist minister named Henry Dull; my teacher's
name was Isabel Dull. She taught a little private school opposite
where my mother lived, in a private house belonging to Isaac
Hendricks (Bishop Hendricks' grandfather). She was a great
friend of my mother's, and was very pretty, and very kind to us
children. She taught me my first spelling lesson. There was
school only in the summer time. I had about six weeks of it. I
first taught myself to read by cutting out large letters from the
newspapers my father would bring home. Then I would lay them
on the window and ask mother to put them together for me
to make words, so that I could read. I shall never forget how
delighted I was when I first read: “The house, the tree, the
dog, the cow.” I thought I knew it all. I would call the other
children about me and show them how I could read. I did not
get to go to school any more till I was about thirteen years old.
Then we had to go about five miles, my brother and myself.
There were but few colored people in that part of the country at
that time, to go to school (white school), only about five and they
were not regular; but father and mother were so anxious for us to
go that they urged us on, and I was anxious also. I shall never
forget one cold winter morning. The sun was bright, the snow
very deep, and it was bitterly cold. My brother did not go that
day, but I wanted to go. Mother thought it was too cold; she
was afraid I would freeze; but I told her I could go, and after a
little discussion she told me I might go. She told me I could put
on my brother's heavy boots. I had on a good thick pair of stockings,
<pb id="smith27" n="27"/>
a warm linsey-woolsey dress, and was well wrapped up. Off
I started to my two and a half mile school house,—John Rule's
school house on the Turnpike. The first half mile I got on pretty
well, a good deal up hill, but O how cold I began to get, and being
so wrapped up I couldn't get on so well as I thought I could. I
was near freezing to death. My first thought was to go back, but
I was too plucky, I was afraid if I told mother she wouldn't let
me go again, so I kept still and went. When I got to the school
house door, I found I couldn't open it and couldn't speak, and a
white boy came up and said, “Why don't you go in?” Then I
found I couldn't speak, as I tried and couldn't. He opened the
door and I went in and some one came to me and took off my things
and they worked with me, I can't tell how long, before I recovered
from my stupor. There were a great many farmers' daughters,
large girls, and boys, in the winter time, so that the school would
be full, so that after coming two and a half miles, many a day I
would get but one lesson, and that would be while the other scholars were
taking down their dinner kettles and putting their wraps
on. All the white children had to have their full lessons, and if
time was left the colored children had a chance. I received in all
about three months' schooling.</p>
          <p>At thirteen years of age I lived in Strausburg, sometimes it was called
Shrewsbury, about thirteen miles from York, on the Baltimore and York
turnpike. I lived with a Mrs. Latimer. She was a Southern lady, was born
in Savannah, Georgia. She was a widow, with five children. It was a good
place, Mrs. Latimer was very kind to me and I got on nicely. It was in
the spring I went there to live, and sometime in the winter a great revival
broke out and went on for weeks at the Allbright Church. I was deeply
interested and impressed by the spirit of the meeting<corr>.</corr> It was an old-fashioned
revival, scores were converted. No colored persons went up
to be prayed for; there were but few anywhere in the neighborhood. One
old man named Moses Rainbow, and his two sons, Samuel and James, were
the only colored people that lived anywhere within three or four miles of
the town. This meeting went on for four or five weeks. When it closed a
series of meetings commenced at the Methodist Church.</p>
          <p>One of the members was Miss Mary Bloser, daughter of George
Bloser, well known through all that region of country for his deep piety
and Christian character, as was Miss Mary, also. She was
<pb id="smith28" n="28"/>
powerful in prayer. I never heard a young person who knew how to so
take hold of God for souls. She was a power for good everywhere she
went. How many souls I have seen her lead to the Cross!</p>
          <p>One night as she was speaking to persons in the congregation, she
came to me, a poor colored girl sitting away back by the door, and with
entreaties and tears, which I really felt, she asked me to go forward. I was
the only colored girl there, but I went. She knelt beside me with her arm
around me and prayed for me. O, how she prayed! I was ignorant, but
prayed as best I could. The meeting closed. I went to get up, but found I
could not stand. They took hold of me and stood me on my feet. My
strength seemed to come to me, but I was frightened. I was afraid to step.
I seemed to be so light. In my heart was peace, but I did not know how to
exercise faith as I should. I went home and resolved I would be the Lord's
and live for him. All the days were happy and bright. I sang and worked
and thought that was all I needed to do. Then I joined the Church. I don't
remember the name of the minister, but I well remember the name of my
class leader was Joshua Ludrick. I liked him for his lung power, for I
thought then there was a good deal of religion in loud prayers and shouts.
You could hear him pray half a mile when he would get properly stirred.
He was leader of the Sunday morning class, which convened after the
morning preaching. My father and mother, to encourage me in my new
life, joined the Church and the same class, so as to save me from going out
at night. Mrs. Latimer's children, three of them, went to the Sunday
School, and I must get home so as to have dinner in time for the children
to get off, but I was black, so could not be led in class before a white
person, must wait till the white ones were through, and I would get such a
scolding when I got home, the children would all be so vexed with me, and
Mrs. Latimer, and my troubles had begun. I prayed and thought it was my
cross. I thought I will change my seat in the class, maybe that will help
me, and sat in the first end of the pew, as the leader would always
commence on the first end and go down. When I sat in the first end, then
he would commence at the lower end and come up and leave me last. Then I sat between two,
thinking he would lead the two above me and then lead me in turn, but
he would lead the two and then jump across me and lead all the others and
lead me last. I told my
<pb id="smith29" n="29"/>
father I got scolded for getting home so late and making the children late
for school. Father said he would speak to Mr. Ludrick
about it, but if he did, it made no change, and it came to where I
must decide either to give up my class or my service place. We were a
large family, and father and mother thought I must keep my situation,
so I had to give up my class. It did not do me
much good, anyhow, to be scolded every time I went, so I became
careless and lost all the grace I had, if I really had any at all. I was light
hearted and gay, but I always would say my prayers and
read my Bible and good books and meant to get religion when I
knew I could keep it. I wouldn't be a hypocrite, no, not I, so I
went on, wrapped up in myself. Then I began to watch defects
in professors, which is a poor business for any one. That is not
the way to get near to God. I saw many things and heard many
things said and done by professors that I would not do, I was
much better than they were, so I went on in my own way for
awhile.</p>
          <p>It has been years ago. While living at Black's hotel, in
Columbia, I remember reading a book. I forget the title of it, but
it was an argument between an infidel and a Christian minister.
As I went on reading I became very much interested. “Oh,” I
thought to myself, “I know the Christian minister will win.” It
starts with the infidel asking a question. The minister's answer
took two pages, while the question asked only took one page and a
half. As they went on the minister gained three pages with his
answer; and the infidel seemed to lose. And then it went on, and
by and by the minister began to lose, and the infidel gained. So it
went on till the infidel seemed to gain all the ground.
His questions and argument were so pretty and put in such a way that
before I knew it I was captured; and by the time I had got through
the book I had the whole of the infidel's article stamped on my
memory and spirit, and the Christian's argument was lost; I could
scarcely remember any of it. Well, I was afraid to tell any one.
Oh, if any one should find out that I did not believe in the existence
of God. I longed for some one to talk to that I might empty
my crop of the load of folly that I had gathered. And I read
everything I could get my hands on, so as to strengthen me in my
new light, as I thought. Yet I wanted to forget it, and get out of it.
But it was like a snare; I could not. A year had gone. I
talked big and let out a little bit now and then. How beautiful the
old hymn:</p>
          <pb id="smith30" n="30"/>
          <lg type="poem">
            <l>“When Jesus saw me from on high,</l>
            <l>Beheld my soul in ruin lie,</l>
            <l>He looked at me with pitying eye,</l>
            <l>And said to me as he passed by,</l>
            <l>‘With God you have no union.’ ”</l>
          </lg>
          <p>Oh, how true! I longed for deliverance, but how to get free. The
Lord sent help in this way: My aunt, my mother's half sister,
who now lives in Baltimore, and whom I loved very much, came
up to York, and then to Wrightsville, to visit father and us children.
I lived in Columbia; and I went over to see her and had
her come over with me. “Now,” I thought, “this will be my
chance to unburden my heart. Aunt lives away
down in the country in Quaker Bottom, or in the neighborhood of
Hereford, Md., and I know no one there, and no one knows me; I shall
never be there; and just so that no one knows around here, that is all I
care for.”</p>
          <p>My aunt was very religiously inclined, naturally. She was much like
my mother in spirit. So as we walked along, crossing the long bridge, at
that time a mile and a quarter long, we stopped, and were looking off in
the water. Aunt said, “How wonderfully God has created everything, the
sky, and the great waters, etc.”</p>
          <p>Then I let out with my biggest gun; I said, “How do you know there
is a God?” and went on with just such an air as a poor, blind, ignorant
infidel is capable of putting on. My aunt turned and looked at me with a
look that went through me like an arrow; then stamping her foot, she
said:</p>
          <p>“Don't you ever speak to me again. Anybody that had as good a
Christian mother as you had, and was raised as you have been, to speak so
to me. I don't want to talk to you.” And God broke the snare. I felt it. I
felt deliverance from that hour. How many times I have thanked God for
my aunt's help. If she had argued with me I don't believe I should ever
have got out of that snare of the devil. And I would say to my readers,
“Beware how you read books tainted with error.” There are enough of the
orthodox kind that will help you if you will be content with them, and the
Book of books. Amen.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="chapter">
          <pb id="smith31" n="31"/>
          <head>CHAPTER III.</head>
          <argument>
            <p>SOME OF THE REMEMBRANCES OF MY GIRLHOOD DAYS—
HELPING RUNAWAYS—MY MOTHER AROUSED—A
NARROW ESCAPE—A TOUCHING STORY.</p>
          </argument>
          <p>The name of my father's landlord was John Lowe, he was a wealthy
farmer, lived between New Market and Shrewsburg, Pa. Pretty much all
the farmers round about in those days were antislavery men; Joseph
Hendricks, Clark Lowe, and a number of others. My father worked a
great deal for Isaac Hendricks, who used to keep the Blueball Tavern. I
and the children have gathered many a basket of apples out of the
orchard, and many a pail of milk I have helped to carry to the house,
and often at John Lowe's as well; I used to help them churn often. And
then old Thomas Wantlen, who used to keep the store; how well I
remember him. John Lowe would allow my father to do what he could in
secreting the poor slaves that would get away and come to him for
protection. At one time he was Magistrate, and of course did not hunt
down poor slaves, and would support the law whenever things were
brought before him in a proper way, but my father and mother were level
headed and had good broad common sense, so they never brought him
into any trouble. Our house was one of the main stations of the Under
Ground Railroad. My father took the “Baltimore Weekly Sun”
newspaper; that always had advertisements of runaway slaves. After
giving the cut of the poor fugitive, with a little bundle on his back, going
with his face northward, the advertisement would read something like this: Three
thousand dollars reward! Ran away from Anerandell
County, Maryland, such a date, so many feet high, scar on the right
side of the forehead or some other part of the body,—belonging
to Mr. A. or B. So sometimes the excitement was so high we
<pb id="smith32" n="32"/>
had to be very discreet in order not to attract suspicion. My father was
watched closely.</p>
          <p>I have known him to lead in the harvest field from fifteen to
twenty men—he was a great cradler and mower in those days
—and after working all day in the harvest field, he would come
home at night, sleep about two hours, then start at midnight and
walk fifteen or twenty miles and carry a poor slave to a place of
security; sometimes a mother and child, sometimes a man and
wife, other times a man or more, then get home just before day.
Perhaps he could sleep an hour then go to work, and so many
times baffled suspicion. Never but once was there a poor slave
taken that my father ever got his hand on, and if that man had
told the truth he would have been saved, but he was afraid.</p>
          <p>There was a beautiful woods a mile from New Market on the
Baltimore and York Turnpike; it was called Lowe's Camp Ground. It was
about three quarters of a mile from our house. My mother was a splendid
cook, so we arranged to keep a boarding house during the camp meeting
time. We had melons, and pies and cakes and such like, as well. Father
was very busy and had not noticed the papers for a week or two, so did
not know there was any advertisement of runaways. There were living in
New Market certain white men that made their living by catching
runaway slaves and getting the reward. A man named Turner, who
kept the post office at New Market, Ben Crout, who kept a regular
Southern blood-hound for that purpose, and John Hunt. These men all
lived in New Market. Then there was a Luther Amos, Jake Hedrick, Abe
Samson and Luther Samson, his son. I knew them all well. Samson had a
number of grey-hounds. So these fellows used to watch our house closely,
trying every way to catch my father. One night during camp meeting,
between twelve and one o'clock, we children were all on the pallet on the
floor. It was warm weather, and father and mother slept in the bed. A man
came and knocked at the door. Father asked who was there? He said “A
friend. I hear you keep a boarding house and I want to get something to
eat.”</p>
          <p>Father told him to come in. He had everything but hot coffee—so he
went to work and got the coffee ready. Father talked with him. The man
was well dressed. He had changed his clothes, he said, as he had been
traveling, and it was dusty,
and he was on his way to the camp meeting. This is what he said
<pb id="smith33" n="33"/>
to my father. So by and by the coffee was ready, and father set him
down to his supper. This man had come through New Market, and Ben
Crout and John Hunt, who had read the advertisement, saw this man
answered the description and hoping to catch my father, told him to
come to our house and all about my father having a boarding house and
all about the camp meeting. It was white people's camp meeting, but
colored people went as well; it used to be the old Baltimore camp, so
called, and so that was the way the poor man knew so well what to say.
He had come away from Louisiana, and had been two weeks lying by in
the day time and traveling at night, but had got so hungry he ventured
into this town, and these men were looking for him, but he did not know
it. When they saw him they knew he answered the advertisement given
in the paper, for it was always explicitly given; the color, the height and
scars on any part of his body. Well, just about the time the man got
through with his supper, some one shouted, “Halloo!” Father went to
the door. There were six or seven white men, and they said, “We want
that nigger you are harboring, he is a runaway nigger.”</p>
          <p>“I am not harboring anybody,” father said. Then they began to
curse and swear and rushed upon him. The man jumped and ran up stairs.
My mother had a small baby. Of course she was frightened and jumped
up, and they were beating father and tramping all over us children
on the floor. We were screaming.
There stood in the middle of the floor an old fashioned ten plate
stove. There was no fire in it, of course, and as my poor frightened
mother ran by it trying to defend father, she caught her
wrapper in the door, just as a man cut at her with a spring dirk
knife; it glanced on the door instead of on mother. I have thanked
God many a time for that stove door. But for it my poor mother
would have been killed that night. The poor man jumped out of
the window up stairs and ran about two hundred yards, when Ben
Crout's blood-hound caught him and held him till they came.
When they found the man was gone, they left off beating father
and went for the man. That was the first and last darkey they
ever got out of Sam Berry's clutches. It put a new spirit in my
mother. She cried bitterly, but O, when it was all over how she
had gathered courage and strength. The good white people all over
the neighborhood were aroused, but he was so close to the Maryland
line they had him in Baltimore a few hours from then. And,
poor fellow, we never heard of him afterwards.</p>
          <pb id="smith34" n="34"/>
          <p>Some time, about three or four months after this, along in the fall,
we were sleeping upstairs. One night about twelve o'clock a knock came
on the fence. My father answered and went down and opened the door.
Mother listened and heard them say “runaway nigger.”
She sprang up, and as she ran downstairs she snatched down father's
cane, which had a small dirk in it; she went up and threw open the door,
pushed father aside, but he got hold of her, but O, when she got through
with those men! They fell back and tried to apologize, but she would
hear nothing.</p>
          <p>“I can't go to my bed and sleep at night without being hounded by
you devils,” she said.</p>
          <p>Next morning father went off to work, but mother dressed her
self and went to New Market; as she went she told everybody she
met how she had been hounded by these men. Told all their
names right out, and all the rich respectable people cried shame,
and backed her up. Dr. Bell, the leading doctor in New Market,
who himself owned three or four slaves, stood by my mother and
told her to speak of it publicly; so she stood on the stepping stone
at Dr. Bell's, right in front of the largest Tavern in the place.
There were a lot of these men sitting out reading the news. The
morning was a beautiful Fall morning, and she opened her mouth
and for one hour declared unto them all the words in her heart.
Not a word was said against her, but as the spectators and others
looked on and listened the cry of “Shame! Shame!” could be
heard; and the men skulked away here and there. By the time
she got through there was not one to be seen of this tribe. That
morning, as mother went to New Market, this same blood-hound
of Bell Crout's was lying on the sidewalk, and as mother went on
a lady she used to work for, a Mrs. Rutlidge, saw the dog and saw
mother coming. She threw up her hand to indicate to her the
dangerous animal. They generally kept her fastened up, but this
morning she was not. Mother paid no attention but went on.
Mrs. R. clasped her hands and turned her back expecting every
moment to hear mother scream out. She looked around and
mother was close by the dog and stepped right over her. She was so
frightened she said: “O, Mary, how did you get by that dreadful dog of
Ben Crout's?”</p>
          <p>Mother was wrothy, and said, “I didn't stop to think about
that dog,” and passed on. And this was the wonder to everybody
around. It was the great talk of the day all about the country,
<pb id="smith35" n="35"/>
how that Sam Berry's wife had passed Ben Crout's blood-hound and was
not hurt. Then they began to say she must have had some kind of a
charm, and they were shy of her. Ever after that nobody, black or white,
troubled Sam Berry's wife. It was no charm, but was God's wonderful
deliverance.</p>
          <p>About two years or more after this, the papers were full of notices of
a very valuable slave who had run away. A heavy reward was offered. He
had by God's mercy got to us, and by moving the poor fellow from place
to place he had been kept safe for about two weeks, as there was no
possible chance for father or any one to get him away, so closely were we
watched. My father was a very early riser, always up and out about day
dawn. Our house stood in the valley between two hills, so that the
moment you struck the top of the hill, either way coming or going, you
could see every move around our house. Just on the opposite side of the
road there used to stand two large chestnut trees, but these had been blown
down by a great storm some time before, so there was no screen to hide
the house from full view. This morning, while out in the yard feeding the
pigs, he saw four men coming on horseback. He knew they were strangers.
He could not get in the house to tell mother, so he called to her and said:
“Mother, I see four men coming; do the best you can.”</p>
          <p>She must act in a moment without being able to say a word more to
father. The poor slave man was upstairs. She brought him down and put
him between the cords and straw tick. As it was early in the morning her
bed was not made up. In the old-fashioned houses in the country we did
not have parlors. The front room downstairs was often used as the
bed-room. My little brother, two years old, slept in the foot of the bed. The
men rode up and spoke to my father. He was a very polite man. “Good
morning, gentlemen, good morning, you are out quite early this
morning.”</p>
          <p>“Yes, we are looking for a runaway nigger.” Just then my father
recognized the high sheriff as Mr. E., who was formerly his young master.
“Why, is this is not Mr. E.?”</p>
          <p>“Yes, Sam, didn't you know me?”</p>
          <p>My father made a wonderful time over him, laughed heartily
and said: “What in the world is up?”</p>
          <p>“Do you know anything about this runaway?”</p>
          <p>Another spoke up and said: “We have a search warrant and
<pb id="smith36" n="36"/>
we mean to have that nigger. We want to know if you have him hid
away.”</p>
          <p>“Well,” father said, “if I tell you I have not, you won't believe me; if
I tell you I have, it will not satisfy you, so come in and look.”</p>
          <p>He didn't know a bit what mother had done, but he knew she had a
head on her, and he could trust her in an emergency. The men hesitated
and said: “It is no use for us to go in, if you will just tell us if you have him
or know anything about him.” And father said: “You come in, gentlemen,
and look.”</p>
          <p>They said, “We have heard your wife is the devil,” and then,
speaking very nicely, “You know, Sam, we don't want any trouble with
her, you can tell us just as well.”</p>
          <p>“No, gentlemen, you will be better satisfied if you go in and see for
yourselves.”</p>
          <p>Just then mother, in the most dignified and polite manner, threw
open the door and said: “Good morning, gentlemen, come right in.” So
they laughed heartily. Two dismounted and came in, went upstairs, looked
all about while one looked in the kitchen behind the chimney, in the pot
closet; and my mother went to the bed and threw back the cover (she
knew what cover to throw back, of course,) there lay my little brother.
She said: “Look everywhere, maybe this is he?”</p>
          <p>“My! Sam,” one of them said, “here is a darkey, what will you take
for him?”</p>
          <p>“No, you have not money enough to buy him,” father said. Then
mother said: “Now, gentlemen, look under the bed as well; you haven't
examined every thing here,” and they laughed and ran out and said:
“Well, Sam, we see you haven't got him.”</p>
          <p>And father said: “Well, now you are better satisfied after you have
looked yourselves.” So he didn't tell any lie, but he had the darkey hid just
the same!</p>
          <p>They mounted their horses and went off full tilt to York. We
children were sharp enough never to show any sign of alarm. Poor me,
my eyes felt like young moons. The man was safe. After they had got
away, mother got the poor fellow out, and he was so weak he could
scarcely stand. He trembled from head to foot, and cried like a child. Poor
fellow, he thought he was gone, and but for my noble mother he would
have been. We soon got him off to Canada, where, I trust, he lived to
thank and praise God, who delivered him from the hand of his masters.
<pb id="smith37" n="37"/>
I can't tell just how long it was after this occurrence, but it was in
harvest time. My father had got home from work and was
sitting out in the front yard resting himself; it was just beginning
to get dusk. We children were all around playing. A tall, well-built man
came up to the fence. Father said: “Good evening, my friend.” The poor
man trembled, and said: “I don't know if you are a friend or a foe, but I
am at your mercy.”</p>
          <p>“Don't fear,” said father, “you are safe.” Then he sat on the fence a
while and began to tell his sad story. His feet had become so sore he could
not travel. He had come away from New Orleans. He said his master
owned a large sugar plantation and he was one of the head molasses
boilers. His master was a very passionate man, and had threatened several
times to sell him because he was a Christian and would pray, but he was a
valuable man and so he held on; but he had committed a great offense
this time. He said he was very tired, and, something he never did in his
life before, he fell asleep from sheer weariness, and so burnt many.
hogsheads of molasses, and this so enraged his master that he determined
to sell him. He had a wife and three children, if I remember correctly. His
master had him handcuffed and put in the cellar under the house, till the
Georgia traders came. When the money was paid they generally had a
great time drinking and gambling. He said he could not get to see his wife.
O, how he prayed all day and all night. His young mistress, whom he had often
nursed when she was a little child and whom he used often
to carry about from place to place, was very much attached to him, as
was frequently the case. She had been away North to school and was a
Christian, and that may explain what followed. She was home from
school just at this time, and like Queen Esther, when pleading for her
people, she was made queen just in time. The evening before the morning
he was to be taken away they were having a good jollification time. She
waited till they were all full of excitement, and being a great favorite of her father's she
managed to get the keys of the cellar and went in and unlocked his
handcuffs and made him swear to her on his knees that if they ever
caught him he would never betray her. Then she told him which way to
go, to follow the North Star, which most of the slaves seemed to
understand and travel by. She gave him a little money and something
to eat. He prayed for God's blessing on her, and
told her he would die if he was taken, but would never
<pb id="smith38" n="38"/>
betray her; so he would. I shall never forget how he cried as he told
this story to my father. He said he had traveled for three weeks, and
after his food was all gone he lived on berries, blackberries were just ripe.
He would lie by in the day and travel at night; kept in the woods, never
traveled in day time, only when it would rain. We soon took him in and
got water and bathed his feet. Mother got him a good supper. O, how the
poor man ate; he was nearly starved. We kept him about two weeks, and
then succeeded in getting him off to dear old Canada. O, how much this
poor slave man went through for only the liberty of his body, and yet how
few there are that are willing to make any sacrifice to secure the freedom
of souls that Jesus so freely offers, for if the Son shall make you free then
are ye free, indeed. Thank God, these days of sadness are past, never to be
repeated, I trust. The poor man, I suppose, never heard of his wife and
children, for this was years before the war and it was not likely they ever
met on earth again, but I trust they will meet beyond the river where the
surges cease to roll.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="chapter">
          <pb id="smith39" n="39"/>
          <head>CHAPTER IV.</head>
          <argument>
            <p>MOVING FROM LOWE'S FARM.—MARRIAGE.—CONVERSION.</p>
          </argument>
          <p>After twelve years on John Lowe's farm, my father had an offer from
a man named John Bear; it was between five and six miles from where we
were. It was a small farm and my father had a better chance to help
himself. He used to work a good deal in Strausburg then. Dr. Bull and his
brother, Rev. Wesley Bull, lived in Strausburg. My oldest brother lived
with the doctor a long time and took care of his horses. The doctor
married a Miss Jane Berry, daughter of old Colonel Berry, of Baltimore.
They first settled in Strausburg. I lived with them some time. How well I
remember the old Colonel; he used to come to visit them, and was very
kind to me. Would often speak to me about my soul's interest, but I was
young and did not pay much attention at the time, but I never forgot it.
After a time Dr. Bull moved to Baltimore, and Dr. Turner, who married
Miss Julia Berry, Mrs. Bull's sister, lived in Strausburg, then I lived with Dr.
Turner. How well I remember Dr. and Mrs. Turner. They were very fond
of Maryland biscuit, and though I was young, I had the reputation of
making the best Maryland biscuit and frying the nicest chicken of anyone
around there, and the doctor used to say “Amanda can beat them all
making Maryland biscuit and frying chicken.” My! how it did please me!
Somehow it is very encouraging to servants to tell them once in a while
that they do things nicely; it did me good. I would almost kill myself to
please them, and Doctor Turner's mother, dear Mrs. Flynn, what a good
woman she was! She gave me the first Testament I ever had and used to
come into the kitchen and read to me sometimes. She came several times
on a visit to see Dr. and Mrs. Turner. After a time Dr. Turner moved
back to Baltimore again, I went with them. It was my first time in
Baltimore. We got in at night and I remember how I had never seen fine
lights glittering in drug stores before, and as
<pb id="smith40" n="40"/>
we drove along I thought I never saw such pretty houses in my life. O, I
was thoroughly captivated. We had a long way to drive from the station
then. Col. Berry lived at Poplar Grove, just a little out of Baltimore. Dear
old Mrs. Berry, Mrs. Turner and the Doctor, and the old Colonel met us
at the station. How well I remember the old home in the grove; it was the
fall of the year; it was not late, but the fires were lighted and all was so
cheery. I remember Mr. and Mrs. Hurst, the three children, Miss Petty
and Missie, and little Berry and Mr. Somerfield, Miss Emily and Miss
Eliza. Dr. Turner took a house in town on the corner of Franklin and
Pearl streets, Baltimore. I remained till Christmas, then my mother came
to see me and I went home with her. Some time after I that Dr. Waugh
moved to Strausburg; Bishop Waugh's son. I remember
the Bishop and Mrs. Waugh well. I always
admired Mrs. Dr. Waugh so much; she never seemed to be cross
about anything, nor at any time. The Doctor, too, was very
gentle and quiet, but Mrs. Bishop was not so much so, though she
was very nice. Mrs. Doctor did not like Strausburg, so they did
not stay very long, but returned to Baltimore again. In the
course of time Rev. Isaac Collis was appointed to the First Methodist
Church, and I went to live with them a few months. My
father used to do all their gardening. When their time was out
they moved away. O, what changes have been since then; the
most of these have gone to their reward, but some of their children
and grandchildren still live. Dear Mrs. Turner's daughter, Mrs.
Wilson now, whose husband is pastor of Wesley Chapel in Washington,
is her mother right over again in kindness and amiableness
of disposition. Mr. Wilson, her husband, is a noble man of God.
I shall never forget their kindness to me last October, the time of
the great Ecumenical conference. Mrs. Burres asked me to lead
the holiness meeting that is held at the Wesley chapel every
Wednesday at 11 o'clock, and when the meeting closed who
should come and speak to me but dear Mrs. Wilson and her husband.
Then she told me who she was, Mrs. Turner's daughter.
She was married and had two lovely children. Mr. Wilson and she invited
me to their home to lunch with them. Well, I thought that is a big thing
to be invited to lunch, for I had walked about for two days and there was
not a restaurant in the great capital of Washington where a colored
Christian lady or gentleman could go and sit down and get a cup of tea or
a dinner: and now to be
<pb id="smith41" n="41"/>
invited here to lunch, I thought what does it really mean? Of course I
accepted the invitation. I had thought Washington was like Boston or
London. I had no such difficulty there. Thank God for real, practical,
inright, outright, downright common sense;
that is all I think people need on the color line. May the
Lord give it to us quick. Amen. Dear Mr. and Mrs. Wilson
lacked nothing in that line. God bless them! When I went I was shown
into the parlor; my wraps were taken, and in a little while Mrs. Wilson
came in. We had a pleasant little chat, then came her sister; I was
introduced. She was so nice, then the dear little children. In a little while
then Mr. Wilson came with a gentleman from the conference, then a
lady and gentleman who were their guests. I was introduced to all as easily
and naturally and common sense-like as possible. Then we went to lunch.
The little girl took me by the hand and she and I led the way. The little
thing was so nice she said, “Are you going to sit at the table with me?”</p>
          <p>“Would you like me to do so?”</p>
          <p>“Yes.”</p>
          <p>I don't suppose this was an everyday occurrence; it is not necessary
that it should be so, but when occasions do come, all that is really
needed is simple, real, manly, broad, Christian common sense. Mr.
Wilson sat at the head of the table, I at the right, and the dear little girl
next, and her little brother next and the others in order. We had an elegant
lunch, and a very pleasant and profitable time together. We talked about
India, Africa, Paris, Rome, Egypt, Scotland, Ireland, and the Isles of the
Sea, and ended, I believe, with the Hero of the Congo, Bishop Taylor.
We went upstairs, and after a little further chat Mr. Wilson asked me to
sing and pray with them. I sang several songs. One was:—“The very same
Jesus.”</p>
          <lg type="poem">
            <l>“The very same Jesus,</l>
            <l>The very same Jesus,</l>
            <l>O praise His name;</l>
            <l>He is just the same,</l>
            <l>The very same Jesus.”</l>
          </lg>
          <p>The other one was:—</p>
          <lg type="poem">
            <l>“God is able to deliver thee</l>
            <l>Though by sin oppressed;</l>
            <l>Go to Him for rest,</l>
            <l>Our God is able to deliver thee.”</l>
          </lg>
          <pb id="smith42" n="42"/>
          <p>The Lord blest the singing to them, and our hearts were melted,
then we knelt to pray. O, how the Lord helped me to pray. My own heart
was overflowing with gratitude for the kindness shown me, for I
recognized the hand of God in it all, and so praised Him. Amen.</p>
          <p>In September, 1854, I was married to my first husband, C.
Devine, by the Rev. Nicholas Pleasant, a Baptist minister in
Columbia. My father did not object to my marrying, only on the
ground that I was rather young, and I thought so, too, but still,
like so many young people, I said, “But well, I know I can get
on.” Then there was the fellow saying all the nice things he would do for
me, and I believed it all, of course. But it was not long before I wished I
had not believed half he said, though in many things he was good. He
believed in religion for his mother's sake. She was a good woman, he said,
though I never saw her. He had two sisters who lived in Columbia. He
could talk on the subject of religion very sensibly at times; but when
strong drink would get the better of him, which I am very sorry to say was
quite often, then be was very profane and unreasonable. We had two
children. The first died; the other, my daughter Maze, is now married
and living in Baltimore.</p>
          <p>In 1855 I was very ill. Everything was done for me that could be
done. My father lived in Wrightsville, Pa., and was very anxious about
my soul. But I did not feel a bit concerned.</p>
          <p>I wanted to be let alone. How I wished that no one would speak to me.
One day my father said to me, “Amanda, my child, you know the
doctors say you must die; they can do no more for you, and now my child
you must pray.”</p>
          <p>O, I did not want to pray, I was so tired I wanted to sleep. The
doctors said they must keep me aroused. In the afternoon of the next day
after the doctor had given me up, I fell asleep about two o'clock, or I
seemed to go into a kind of trance or vision, and I saw on the foot of my
bed a most beautiful angel. It stood on one foot, with wings spread,
looking me in the face and motioning me with the hand; it said “Go
back,” three times, “Go back. Go back, Go back.”</p>
          <p>Then, it seemed, I went to a great Camp Meeting and there seemed
to be thousands of people, and I was to preach and the platform I had to
stand on was up high above the people. It seemed it was erected
between two trees, but near the tops. How
<pb id="smith43" n="43"/>
I got on it I don't know, but I was on this platform with a large Bible
opened and I was preaching from these words:—“And I if I be lifted up
will draw all men unto me.” O, how I preached, and the people were slain
right and left. I suppose I was in this vision about two hours. When I
came out of it I was decidedly better. When the doctor called in and
looked at me he was astonished, but so glad. In a few days I was able to sit
up, and in about a week or ten days to walk about. Then I made up my
mind to pray and lead a Christian life. I thought God had spared me for a
purpose, so I meant to be converted, but in my own way quietly. I
thought if I was really sincere it would be all right.</p>
          <p>I cannot remember the time from my earliest childhood
that I did not want to be a Christian, and would often pray
alone. Sometimes I would kneel in the fence corner when I went
for the cows to bring them home. Sometimes upstairs, or
wherever I could be alone. I had planned just about how
I was going to be converted. I had a strong will and was full of
pride. When I said I would not do anything, I was proud of my
word, and people would say, “Well, you know if Amanda says
she won't do anything, you might as well try to move the everlasting
hills.” And that inflated me and I thought, “O, how
nice to have a reputation like that.” I would stick to it; I would
not give in; my pride held me. I went on in this course till 1856.</p>
          <p>In a watch meeting one night at the Baptist Church in Columbia,
Pennsylvania, a revival started. I lived with Mrs. Morris, not far away,
and I could hear the singing, but I did not mean to go forward to the altar
to pray: I didn't believe in making a great noise. I said, “If you are sincere
the Lord will bless you anywhere, and I don't mean to ever go forward to
the altar; that I will never do.” So I prayed and struggled day after day,
week after week, trying to find light and peace, but I constantly came up
against my will. God showed me I was a dreadful sinner, but still I wanted
to have my own way about it. I said, “I am not so bad as Bob Loney,
Meil Snievely, and a lot of others. I am not like them, I have always lived
in first-class families and have always kept company with first-class
servant girls, and I don't need to go there and pray like those people do.”
All this went on in my mind.</p>
          <p>At last one night they were singing so beautifully in this
<pb id="smith44" n="44"/>
Church, I felt drawn to go in, and went and sat away back by the door and
they were inviting persons forward for prayers. O, so many of them were
going, the altar was filled in a little while, and though I went in with no
intention of going myself, as I sat there all at once,—I can't tell how,—I
don't know how,—I never did know how, but when I found myself I was
down the aisle and half way up to the altar. All at once it came to me,
“There, now, you have always said you would never go forward to an altar,
and there you are going.”</p>
          <p>I thought I would turn around and go back, but as I went to turn
facing all the congregation, it was so far to go back, so I rushed forward
to the altar, threw myself down and began to pray with all my might: “O,
Lord, have mercy on me! O, Lord, have mercy on me! O, Lord, save me,”
I shouted at the top of my voice, till I was hoarse. Finally I quieted
down. There came a stillness over me so quiet. I didn't understand it. The
meeting closed. I went home.</p>
          <p>If I had known how to exercise faith, I would have found peace that
night, but they did not instruct us intelligently, so I was left in the dark.
A few days after this I took a service place about a mile and it half from
Columbia, with a Quaker family named Robert Mifflins. This was in
January. I prayed incessantly, night and day, for light and peace.</p>
          <p>After I had got out to Mr. Mifflins', I began to plan for my
spring suit; I meant to be converted, though I had not given up at
all, but I began to save my money up now. There were some
pretty styles, and I liked them. A white straw bonnet, with very
pretty, broad pink tie-strings; pink or white muslin dress, tucked
to the waist; black silk mantilla; and light gaiter boots, with
black tips; I had it all picked out in my mind, my nice spring and
summer suit. I can see the little box now where I had put my
money, saving up for this special purpose. Then I would pray;
O, how I prayed, fasted and prayed, read my Bible and prayed,
prayed to the moon, prayed to the sun, prayed to the stars. I was
so ignorant. O, I wonder how God ever did save me, anyhow.
The Devil told me I was such a sinner God would not convert me.
When I would kneel down to pray at night, he would say, “You
had better give it up; God won't hear you, you are such a sinner.”</p>
          <p>Then I thought if I could only think of somebody that had not
sinned, and my idea of great sin was disobedience, and I
<pb id="smith45" n="45"/>
thought if I could only think of somebody that had always been obedient.
I never thought about Jesus in that sense, and yet I was looking to Him
for pardon and salvation.</p>
          <p>All at once it came to me, “Why, the sun has always obeyed God,
and kept its place in the heavens, and the moon and stars have always
obeyed God, and kept their place in the heavens, the wind has always
obeyed God, they all have obeyed.”</p>
          <p>So I began, “O, Sun, you never sinned like me, you have always
obeyed God and kept your place in the heavens; tell Jesus I am a poor
sinner.” Then when I would see the trees move by the wind, I would say “O,
Wind, you never sinned like me, you have always obeyed God, and blown
at His command; tell Jesus I am a poor sinner.”</p>
          <p>When I set my people down to tea in the house I would slip
out and get under the trees in the yard and look up to the moon
and stars and pray, “O, Moon and Stars, you never sinned like me,
you have always obeyed God, and kept your place in the heavens;
tell Jesus I am a poor sinner.” One day while I was praying I got
desperate, and here came my spring suit up constantly before me,
so I told the Lord if he would take away the burden that was on
my heart that I would never get one of those things. I wouldn't
get the bonnet, I wouldn't get the
dress, I wouldn't get the mantilla, I wouldn't get the shoes. O, I wanted
relief from the burden and then all at once there came a quiet peace in
my heart, and that suit never came before me again; but still there was
darkness in my soul. On Tuesday, the 17th day of March. 1856, I was
sitting in the kitchen by my ironing table, thinking it all over. The Devil
seemed to say to me (I know now it was he), “You have prayed to be
converted.”</p>
          <p>I said, “Yes.”</p>
          <p>“You have been sincere.”</p>
          <p>“Yes.”</p>
          <p>“You have been in earnest.”</p>
          <p>“Yes.”</p>
          <p>“You have read your Bible, and you have fasted, and you really want
to be converted.”</p>
          <p>“Yes, Lord, Thou knowest it; Thou knowest my heart, I really want
to be converted.”</p>
          <p>Then Satan said, “Well, if God were going to convert you He would
have done it long ago; He does His work quick, and with all your
sincerity God has not converted you.”</p>
          <pb id="smith46" n="46"/>
          <p>“Yes, that is so.”</p>
          <p>“You might as well give it up, then,” said he, “it is no use, He won't
hear you<corr>.</corr>”</p>
          <p>“Well, I guess I will just give it up. I suppose I will be damned and
I might as well submit to my fate.” Just then a voice whispered to me
clearly, and said, “Pray once more.” And in an instant I said, “I will.”
Then another voice seemed like a person speaking to me, and it said,
“Don't you do it.”</p>
          <p>“Yes, I will.”</p>
          <p>And when I said, “Yes, I will,” it <sic corr="seemed">seeemed</sic> to me the emphasis was
on the “will,” and I felt it from the crown of my head clear through me,
“I WILL,” and I got on my feet and said, “I will pray once more, and if
there is any such thing as salvation, I am determined to have it this
afternoon or die.”</p>
          <p>I got up, put the kettle on, set the table and went into the cellar
and got on my knees to pray and die, for I thought I had made a vow to
God and that He would certainly kill me, and I didn't care, I was so
miserable, and I was just at the verge of desperation. I had put everything
on the table but the bread and butter, and I said, “If any one calls me I
won't get up, and if the bread and butter is all that is to go on the
table, Miss Sue (the daughter) can finish the supper, and that will save
them calling for me, and when they come down cellar after it they will
find me dead!”</p>
          <p>I set the tea pot on the table, put the tea cady down by it, so
that everything would be ready, and I was going to die; and O,
Hallelujah, what a dying that was! I went down into the cellar
and got on my knees, as I had done so many times before, and I
began my prayer. “O Lord, have mercy on my soul, I don't
know how else to pray.” A voice said to me, “That is just what you said
before.”</p>
          <p>“O, Lord, if Thou wilt only please to have mercy on my soul I will
serve Thee the longest day I live.”</p>
          <p>The Devil said, “You might just as well stop, you said that
before.”</p>
          <p>“O, Lord if Thou wilt only convert my soul and make me truly
sensible of it, for I want to know surely that I am converted, I will serve
Thee the longest day I live.”</p>
          <p>“Yes,” the Devil says, “you said that before and God has not done
it, and you might as well stop.”</p>
          <pb id="smith47" n="47"/>
          <p>O, what a conflict. How the darkness seemed to gather
around me, and in my desperation I looked up and said, “O, Lord,
I have come down here to die. and I must have salvation this
afternoon or death. If you send me to hell I will go, but convert
my soul.” Then I looked up and said, “O, Lord, if thou wilt only
please to help me if ever I backslide don't ever let me see thy face
in peace.” And I waited, and I did not hear the old suggestion
that had been following me, “That is just what you said before,”
so I said it again, “O, Lord, if Thou wilt only please to convert
my soul and make me truly sensible of it, if I backslide don't ever
let me see Thy face in peace.”</p>
          <p>I prayed the third time, using these same words. Then somehow
I seemed to get to the end of everything. I did not know
what else to say or do. Then in my desperation I looked up and
said, “O, Lord, if Thou wilt help me I will believe Thee,” and in
the act of telling God I would, I did. O, the peace and joy that
flooded my soul! The burden rolled away; I felt it when it left
me, and a flood of light and joy swept through my soul such as I
had never known before. I said, “Why, Lord, I do believe this is
just what I have been asking for,” and down came another flood
of light and peace. And I said again, “Why, Lord, I do believe
this is what I have asked Thee for.” Then I sprang to my feet,
all around was light, I was new. I looked at my hands, they
looked new; I took hold of myself and said, “Why, I am new, I
am new all over.” I clapped my hands; I ran up out of the cellar,
I walked up and down the kitchen floor. Praise the Lord! There
seemed to be a halo of light all over me; the change was so real
and so thorough that I have often said that if I had been as black
as ink or as green as grass or as white as snow, I would not have
been frightened. I went into the dining room; we had a large
mirror that went from the floor to the ceiling, and I went and
looked in it to see if anything had transpired in my color, because
there was something wonderful had taken place inside of me, and
it really seemed to me it was outside too, and as I looked in the
glass I cried out, “Hallelujah, I have got religion; glory to God, I
have got religion!” I was wild with delight and joy; it seemed
to me as if I would split! I went out into the kitchen and I
thought what will I do, I have got to wait till Sunday before I can
tell anybody. This was on Tuesday; Sunday was my day in town,
so I began to count the days, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday,
<pb id="smith48" n="48"/>
Friday, Saturday, Sunday. O, it seemed to me the days were weeks long.
My! can I possibly stand it till Sunday? I must tell somebody, and as I
passed by the ironing table it seemed as if it had a halo of light all around
it, and I ran up to the table and smote it with my hand and shouted,
“Glory to God, I have got religion!” The Lord kept me level-headed and
didn't make me so excited I didn't know what I was doing. Mrs. Mifflin
was very delicate; she had asthma, and I knew if I said anything to excite
her it might kill her, and the Lord kept me so I didn't make any noise to
excite her at all. I didn't tell her; didn't feel led to tell her. There was no
one in the house at the time, not a soul. She was on the front veranda and
I had it all to myself in the kitchen. O, what a day! I never shall forget it;
it was a day of joy and gladness to my soul. After I had been converted
about a week I was very happy. One morning it seemed to me I didn't
know what to do with myself, I was so happy. I was singing an old
hymn,—</p>
          <lg type="poem">
            <l>“O how happy are they, who their Saviour obey,</l>
            <l>And have laid up their treasures above;</l>
            <l>Tongue can never express the sweet comfort and peace,</l>
            <l>Of a soul in its earliest love.”</l>
          </lg>
          <p>When I got to the verse:—</p>
          <lg type="poem">
            <l>“When my heart, it believed, what a joy I received,</l>
            <l>What a heaven in Jesus' name;</l>
            <l>'Twas a heaven below, my Redeemer to know,</l>
            <l>And the angels could do nothing more</l>
            <l>Than to fall at His feet, and the story repeat,</l>
            <l>And the Lover of sinners adore.”</l>
          </lg>
          <p>O, how my soul was filled. Just then the enemy whispered to me,
“There, you are singing just as if you had religion.”</p>
          <p>“Well, I have. I asked the Lord to convert me and He has done it.”</p>
          <p>“How do you know?”</p>
          <p>“Well I know He did it, because it was just what I asked the
Lord to do, and He did, and I know He did, for I never felt as I do
now, and I know I am converted.”</p>
          <p>“You have a great blessing,” the Devil said, “But how do you
know that is conversion?”</p>
          <p>“Well,” I said, “That is what I asked the Lord to do and I believe
He did it.”</p>
          <pb id="smith49" n="49"/>
          <p>“You know, you don't want to be a hypocrite?”</p>
          <p>“No, and I will not be, either.”</p>
          <p>“But you have no evidence.”</p>
          <p>“Evidence, evidence, what is that?” Then I thought, I wonder
if that is not what the old people used to call the witness of
the Spirit. “Well,” I said, “I won't sing, I won't pray until I
get the witness.” So I began and I held this point; God helped
me to hold this point. I said, “Lord I believe Thou hast converted
my soul, but the Devil says I have no evidence. Now Lord
give me the evidence,” and I prayed a whole week. Every now
and then the joy would spring up in my heart, the burden was all
gone, I had no sadness, I could not cry as I had before, and I did
not understand it and so I kept on pleading, “Lord, I believe Thou hast
converted me, but give me the evidence, so clear and
definite that the Devil will never trouble me on that line again.”</p>
          <p>Praise the Lord, He did, and though I have passed through
many sorrows, many trials, Satan has buffeted me, but never from
that day have I had a question in regard to my conversion. God
helped me and He settled it once for all.</p>
          <p>This witness of God's spirit to my conversion has been what
has held me amid all the storms of temptation and trial that I have passed
through. O what an anchor it has been at time of storm. Hallelujah, for
the Lord God Omnipotent reigneth. Ye shall know if ye follow on to
know the Lord. Amen. Amen.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="chapter">
          <pb id="smith50" n="50"/>
          <head>CHAPTER V.</head>
          <argument>
            <p>HOW I BOUGHT MY SISTER FRANCES AND HOW THE LORD PAID
THE DEBT.</p>
          </argument>
          <p>It was in September, 1862. The Union soldiers were stationed
all along the line, from Havre de Gras and Monkton, Md. My
aunt, my mother's sister, lived about a mile and a half from Hereford,
on the old homestead, where my grandmother lived and died.
After the death of my mother there were six of us children at
home with father. My aunt, who had been married about two
years, wanted my father to let one of my sisters go with her to
Maryland. She had but one child of her own at that time, and
she wanted my sister to be company for her little child, and to
look after him, as she worked out by the day very often. So my
father gave her my sister Frances, who was then about ten years
old. It was not very safe for colored people to pass up and down,
but sometimes they could do it without being molested at all. My
aunt used to come back and forth once a year to the camp meeting,
as many of the colored people, round about did. The camp
meeting was then called the old Baltimore Camp. It was held on
Lowe's camp-ground. My sister was very anxious to go with my
aunt. She promised to take very good care of her, so father was
quite willing to have her go. She had been there about three
years, I think; my aunt then had two children; and my sister took
care of them while she would be away at work every day; of
course things didn't always go on with children as they should,
and then my aunt was very severe on Frances; several times she
whipped her very severely, so that the neighbors interfered, and
that made unpleasant feelings between the neighbors and my
aunt. Word came to my father about it, but he could not go very
well, nor did any of the rest feel that we could go; there was
so much excitement about the war we did not like to risk it.
<pb id="smith51" n="51"/>
After the war had begun, these soldiers were stationed, as I have said, and I
had made up my mind that I would risk it, and go and see about my
sister. Prior to this my aunt had written father that Frances had got very
unruly, and when she would whip her she would run away, and that she had
gone off somewhere, and he must come and see after her. I was living in
Lancaster, Pa., with Col. H<corr>.</corr> S. McGraw's family. I got six dollars a month.
I told Mrs. McGraw about my sister, and told her I thought it was safe for
me to go now; that I would be safer under the protection of the Union
soldiers. I got her to advance me fifty dollars and I started on my journey
down to Monkton. I went to Little York, Pa., and from York to
Monkton, Md. I got to my aunt's house about one o'clock in the
afternoon. She was not at home. The children were there, and they told
me Frances was living with Mr. Hutchinson. Well, I didn't know where Mr.
Hutchinson lived, but by inquiring got on the right road. Finally I came to
the man who had been magistrate in that part of the country; I wanted to
see him, for I had heard in that time my sister had been sold, so I went in
to inquire what could be done. My sister was born free—born in
Pennsylvania—and my father and mother were free, and I wanted to see
what could be done. He told me that Frances had run off from my aunt
and come to their house, and as he saw she had been very badly treated,
and as she was very kind to the children, his wife thought they would keep
her. She came to him for protection. Well, just at that time they were
selling black people; every one they could pick up anywhere that could
not prove they were free born, were sold for so much. My aunt was a little
vexed, so she did not bother about Frances, and my father could not go
and swear for her, consequently she was sold to Mr. Hutchinson for a term
of ten years. He told me that all I could do was to see Mr. Hutchinson,
and if he would consent to give her up, I could get her by paying him what
he paid for her, He said there was nobody to come forward and swear for
her, and he saw she was not kindly treated, but that was all he could do
about it. He did not take much pains to give me satisfaction. Oh! those
were times! However, after he told me what he did, I started for Mr.
Hutchinson's. My! how I cried. How I thought of my dear mother. I was
all alone. I walked and prayed. I had had nothing to eat all day. I was very
hungry. I had passed several farm-houses, and wanted to go in and ask for a
<pb id="smith52" n="52"/>
drink of water, but I was afraid. Finally I came to a very fine house,
standing back from the road; beautiful grounds, green grass and trees, a
beautiful white veranda, and an old lady in a white cap, sitting out on the
veranda; there was a pump in the yard, with a nice bright tin cup hanging
on it; but there was a large dog lying on the stoop, so I stood at the gate a
moment; the old lady got up and walked to the end of the veranda, and I
called out to her, “Madame, I'm very thirsty; will you please let me come
in and get a drink of water?” She said “No, no; go on, go on.” I nearly
fainted for a moment, and I lifted my heart and said, “Now, Lord, help
me, and take away the thirst;” and in an instant every bit of thirst and
hunger left me; I had not a bit, no more than if I never had been thirsty. I
walked on about a mile further in the sun; I got to Mr. Hutchinson's and
saw my poor sister. I don't think I ever saw a heathen in Africa, that
looked so much like a heathen as she did. I could hardly speak to her. She
was busy at work, and seemed to be happy, but I was not. I told her I had
come after her, and to see Mr. Hutchinson. Poor thing, she was so glad to
see me!</p>
          <p>I don't know how many black people Mr. Hutchinson owned; he was
excited over the war; and while he was considered to be a very good man
to his black people, yet he was rough when I told him what my errand
was. When I told him my sister was freeborn, was not a slave and never
had been, he simply said he had nothing to do with that; he had paid forty
dollars for her, and he was not going to let her go for less. Well, I didn't
know what to do. I cried, but he raved; he swore, and said Frances had not
been of any use anyhow. At first he said he would not let her go at all.
Then he went into the house. His wife was a very nice woman. How well I
remember her. I cried, and cried, and could not stop. I was foolish, but I
could not help it. She said something to him. He went into the house, and
by and by he came back and said he was not going to let her go for less
than forty dollars. Then my sister told me if I would go over to Mrs.
Hutchinson's father's (I think his name was Matthews, and he was a
Quaker), and see him, she thought he might help me. They were very
nice people, and had always been kind to her. It was about a quarter of a
mile across the fields. So I went over then and old Mr. Matthews told me
I was to go on back, and next morning he would ride over. So, sure
enough; next morning the
<pb id="smith53" n="53"/>
old man came over. He pitied me, I saw, but he could not help me much.
Mr. Hutchinson walked up and down and swore. I told Mr. Matthews that
I had no money scarcely, and I did not know how to get back if I paid out
the forty dollars. I would only have enough to get back to York, and how was
I going to get from York to Lancaster, where I lived, and get my sister there besides?
Well, Mr. Hutchinson said, he had nothing to do with that. So he told my sister she
could get ready and go. I paid him the money. Then she got ready. She
went to get her shawl, and he
said to her she should not have anything but what she had on. They had
given her a shawl, a dress and a pair of great big brogan shoes; and they
let her take the dress (a blue cotton striped) she had on; madame had
given her a gingham apron; that she was to leave. So we started; just what
she stood up in, with one
domestic dress under her arm, was all she had. He flourished the
horse-whip around so I didn't know but we were both going to get a flogging
before we left; but we got out without the flogging. But oh! wasn't he
mad! I thanked the Lord for the old Quaker gentleman. But for him it
would have been much worse. Then
how I prayed the Lord would bless Mrs. Hutchinson. I believe
she was good. There were a number of little black children around there, and Mr.
Hutchinson was kind to them, and played with them, and put them on
the horse and held them on to ride, and they seemed to be very fond of
him. But then they were slaves. What a difference it made in his feelings toward them.
My sister was free. He had not any business with her, and I had
no right to pay him any money; and if I had had as much sense
then as I have now, I would not have paid him a cent; I would
have just waited till he went to bed, and taken the underground railroad
plan. But it is all over now, and my poor sister has long since gone to her
reward.</p>
          <p>When I came back to Lancaster, to Mrs. McGraw's, she allowed me
to bring my sister there, and she helped around with the work till I got her
trained somewhat; for she had always worked in the field, and had very
little idea about housework. Now I worked, as it were, for a dead horse; for
I was in debt to Mrs. McGraw fifty dollars. She paid me my wages
regularly, but there was this debt; and with Frances on my hands, I was
not able to pay a cent of the fifty dollars. Oh! how it worried me. I hated
to think of it; I hated so to have debt. But then I could not help it,
<pb id="smith54" n="54"/>
and I had no one to help me. My sisters were all poor, and worked
hard for themselves. Father was not able to help me. One day
Mr. Robert McGraw, Col. McGraw's brother, came to spend some
time with them in Lancaster. He was a man that had plenty of
means, and was very generous. I was always very glad when Mr.
Robert came to see them. I was always sure of two dollars and
fifty cents or five dollars when he went away. We dined at three
o'clock in the afternoon; had breakfast at nine. Mr. Robert had
had his breakfast and gone down town. He went into a bank to
get a bill changed. He had four one hundred dollar bills rolled
together. He went into the bank and got one bill changed as he
went down in the morning. He came back at three o'clock to
dinner. After dinner was over he always came out in the kitchen
to light his cigar. Mrs. McGraw's son, Henry, a boy of about ten
years of age, had a very fine dog, and thought a great deal of him.
I was very particular about my kitchen, and they would come out
into the kitchen and get to playing, and would sometimes make
my kitchen look pretty well upset. Of course I didn't say anything,
for Mr. Robert was kind; but I did not like it. Now when
he got the bill changed and went to put the three hundred dollars
back in his pocket, instead of putting the money into his pocket,
he slipped it inside his pants; and strange as it may seem, he had
come all the way home and it was not lost on the street. But
while he was playing in the kitchen with little Henry after dinner
it slipped down and dropped on the floor. It just looked like a
piece of paper he had twisted up to light his cigar. I saw it lying
there, but did not bother to pick it up at first. He had gone away
down street. It was a little rainy. After awhile the dog came
running in to go upstairs after Henry. The middle door was shut
and he could not got upstairs. As he came back past me I went
to give him a send off with my foot, and kicked this roll of paper
that lay there. Something seemed to whisper to me, “You had
better pick that up and look at it. It might be a twenty dollar
bank note.” So I picked it up; and Oh, my! In all my born days
did I ever have such a surprise. Three hundred dollars! Three
one hundred dollar bills on the Baltimore bank! My! But I said,
“This is Mr. Robert McGraw's.” Mrs. McGraw was very kind,
but I knew if I gave it to her that I would not get more than a
dollar; but if I kept it and gave it to Mr. Robert I was sure he
would give me five dollars. There was no one in the kitchen but
<pb id="smith55" n="55"/>
myself. The other two servants were upstairs. So I said to myself,
“Mr. Robert will be here in a few minutes.” This was
between half past four and five o'clock in the afternoon. I said nothing
to any one. Mr. Robert did not come till along about six or seven o'clock
in the evening. I had not said a word to anybody. The suggestion came to
me, “Now this is a good chance for you to get out of debt to Mrs.
McGraw. None of these bills are marked, and you can take it to the bank
and give it to somebody and you can get that money.” I let all these
thoughts play through my mind, and then I said, “Now, Mr. Devil, you
lie, I don't mean to get into any trouble about that money at all.” After
awhile I heard some one coming, talking, and I saw two or three persons.
Mr. Robert did not come in at the front door; he came around through
the yard and came in at the side door. Two boys were with him, and they
had lanterns, and they had looked all along the street for this money.</p>
          <p>This is the way he missed it. He went into a barber shop to get
shaved. After he was shaved he put his hand into his pocket to get the
money to pay for it, and found that he had only the money that he had
got changed. The other bills were gone. He was very jolly, and said, “I
have lost three or four hundred dollars; I don't know which. I will give
fifty dollars if I can find it.” And of course they were all out looking for
it. So he came into the yard.</p>
          <p>“What is the matter, Mr. Robert?”</p>
          <p>“Amanda,” he replied, “I have lost three or four hundred dollars,”
and then saying a word with two d's in it, he said he didn't know which,
and continued looking about with the boys. I said, “My, Mr. Robert,
three hundred dollars?”</p>
          <p>“Yes, three or four, I don't know which. I will give fifty dollars if I
can find it.”</p>
          <p>As soon as he said, “I will give fifty dollars if I can find it,” I said
“Mr. Robert, what did you say?”</p>
          <p>“I said I will give fifty dollars if I can find it.” Then he looked up at
me through his glasses, and I said, “I wonder if I can find it,” and at the
same time reached way down in my pocket.</p>
          <p>“Amanda,” he said, “did you find it?”</p>
          <p>“Hold on; wait till I see.” And making a desperate effort I hauled it
out. There were the three one hundred dollar bills, My! weren't the boys
surprised! He turned right around to the
<pb id="smith56" n="56"/>
flour chest that stood in the kitchen and counted me out fifty dollars in
ten dollar bills.</p>
          <p>I got down on my knees right there and then and thanked the Lord,
and Mr. Robert said, “Oh, Amanda, it's all right, it's all right; you are
welcome to it.”</p>
          <p>And that is the way the Lord got me out of that debt. “In
someway or other the Lord will provide.” Amen. Amen.</p>
        </div2>
        <div2 type="chapter">
          <pb id="smith57" n="57"/>
          <head>CHAPTER VI.</head>
          <argument>
            <p>MARRIAGE AND DISAPPOINTED HOPES—RETURN TO
PHILADELPHIA—A STRANGER IN NEW YORK—MOTHER
JONES' HELP—DEATH OF MY FATHER.</p>
          </argument>
          <p>After my conversion I continued to live in Columbia, Pa., a year or
two; then went to live at Colonel McGraw's in Lancaster, about ten miles
f