Impact of involvement in the Southern Tenant Farmers Union on East's service station
East discusses how his involvement in the Southern Tenant Farmers Union affected his business, a service station, in Tyronza, Arkansas. East describes how he faced threats to his personal well-being for his work with the union and then explains that he began to lose business from planters and businessmen in the community. Because of the impact on his business, East relocated to Bartlett, Tennessee, around 1933, but still stayed involved with the union, which also relocated its center to Tennessee around that time.
Citing this Excerpt
Oral History Interview with Clay East, September 22, 1973. Interview E-0003. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007) in the Southern Oral History Program Collection, Southern Historical Collection, Wilson Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Full Text of the Excerpt
- SUE THRASHER:
-
Now, tell me about the meetings, if you can remember. What happened, and
how did you get them started?
- CLAY EAST:
-
Now, I can't even remember who set this meeting up, but there
was a little old building they used for a church, they called it the
Dead Timber () church and it was about three
miles from Tyronza. And I was to hold a meeting there on this certain
night at a certain time, seven or eight o'clock, whatever it
was…probably seven. And that was the time that the mayor of
Tyronza, who was a close friend of mine, …anyway, he made a
trip over to Tennessee, I was in Tennessee, and had a station over in
Bartlett, Tennessee at that time. And, he made a trip over there and
told me that those guys were laying for me. He didn't tell me
then that they was laying for me, but I learned later that they stayed
down there five nights setting there with the
gun…there was five of them.
- SUE THRASHER:
-
When did you move to Bartlett from Tyronza?
- CLAY EAST:
-
Well, after we started this union… 'course, most of
my customers were the planter boys and big business. Well, the first guy
after we got it started, Jim Prestige () the big
farmer… and had a bad reputation, he's from
Mississippi and they said he killed several people in Mississippi, but
Jim Prestige liked me and traded with me. Practically all the business
done was on the credit, see, but he come in and paid off…he
had plenty of money. And, he come in and paid off once a week or
whenever he took a notion or anytime he wanted. But, he come in and told
me, "I want to pay up my account. I'm quitting
you." Well, he didn't like the other two stations,
but he had to go trade with them. He was the first one, then his
son-in-law, Cecil Justice who was a school teacher there, he came in and
quit me and ask me why in the world, he said, "Why have you
gone against your own class of people?" Well, I told him, I
said, "Well, Cecil, this is America, I didn't think
we had classes. I thought this was a classless society over
here." This made him mad, that's all, and those guys
quit me one after another. I noticed that they didn't come in
and tell me they was quitting, just quit. And I could see that my
business…I had to have business to operate. Of course,
I owned my own home and I had really good business
in that station. So, I saw that I was going to have to get out of there.
And, I believe that Mitchell and the rest of the boys had already
gone.
- SUE THRASHER:
-
To Memphis?
- CLAY EAST:
-
Yeah.
- SUE THRASHER:
-
Do you remember exactly when the union moved to Memphis? Was it quite
early, Thirty-three or Thirty-four?
- CLAY EAST:
-
Well, I'd say it was sometime, yes, I think it was sometime in
Thirty-three and it could have been the early part of Thirty-four.