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oral histories of the American South
Politics in the American South

These interviews, gathered from a number of different interview series, focus on southern politics and politicians after World War II. Discussions with political leaders, journalists, political scientists, and civil rights leaders reveal the complex political, and personal, machinations that animated southern politics in an era of vast change. Black southerners who marched against Jim Crow law and became congress people tell their stories from the ground up; white politicians who resisted the civil rights movement tell theirs from the top down. This collection asks and answers questions about the participation of women and African Americans in southern life and politics, the rise of the Republican Party in the South, and the intersection of mundane political maneuvering and the struggle for the region's future.

1.
William J. (Bill) Clinton, June 15, 1974. Interview A-0027.
An Unsuccessful First Step in a Successful Political Life: Bill Clinton discusses his victory in an Arkansas Democratic congressional primary and his upcoming race against the incumbent Republican congressman.
Interviewee: William J. (Bill) Clinton    Interviewer: Jack Bass, Walter DeVries
Duration: 01:02:17     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 10 excerpts.
2.
Lauch Faircloth, March 22, 1999. Interview I-0069.
Business and Politics Meet in North Carolina: North Carolina businessman and politician Lauch Faircloth describes his ascent through both business and politics.
Interviewee: Lauch Faircloth    Interviewer: Joseph Mosnier
Duration: 01:30:28     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 8 excerpts.
3.
Claude Pepper, February 1, 1974. Interview A-0056.
The Rise of Conservatism and the Decline of a Liberal Politician in Florida: Claude Pepper reflects on his political career and the rise of conservatism in Florida.
Interviewee: Claude Pepper    Interviewer: Jack Bass, Walter DeVries
Duration: 00:47:32     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 6 excerpts.
4.
David Pryor, June 13, 1974. Interview A-0038.
Future Arkansas Governor Plans for an Active Term: David Pryor discusses the new political order in Arkansas just months before he won the state's governorship.
Interviewee: David Pryor    Interviewer: Jack Bass, Walter DeVries
Duration: 01:00:14     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 9 excerpts.
5.
Aaron Henry, April 2, 1974. Interview A-0107.
Race and Politics in Mississippi: Aaron Henry describes the role of race and racism in Mississippi politics.
Interviewee: Aaron Henry    Interviewer: Jack Bass
Duration: 01:28:07     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 15 excerpts.
6.
Orval Faubus, June 14, 1974. Interview A-0031.
A Southern Governor Reflects on His Legacy: Orval Faubus defends his legacy.
Interviewee: Orval Faubus    Interviewer: Jack Bass, Walter DeVries
Duration: 01:35:30     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 16 excerpts.
7.
Herman Talmadge, November 8, 1990. Interview A-0347.
Reflections and Resentments Regarding Race and Desegregation in Georgia: Georgia politician Herman Talmadge reflects on race in southern politics and the intrusive process of desegregation.
Interviewee: Herman Talmadge    Interviewer: John Egerton
Duration: 00:50:19     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 6 excerpts.
8.
Hylan Lewis, January 13, 1991. Interview A-0361.
Considering Civil Rights before the 1960s: Sociologist Hylan Lewis describes his experiences with race in the American South in the post-World War II period.
Interviewee: Hylan Lewis    Interviewer: John Egerton
Duration: 02:05:38     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 9 excerpts.
9.
Hodding Carter, April 1, 1974. Interview A-0100.
A Journalist Puts an Acid Tongue and Incisive Mind to Race in Mississippi: Journalist Hodding Carter describes the changes wrought in Mississippi by the civil rights movement.
Interviewee: Hodding Carter    Interviewer: Jack Bass, Walter DeVries
Duration: 01:36:09     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 12 excerpts.
10.
Richard Arrington, July 18, 1974. Interview A-0001.
The Slow Growth of Black Political Leadership in Alabama: African American Birmingham city council member Richard Arrington discusses the slowly increasing presence of African Americans on Birmingham's political landscape.
Interviewee: Richard Arrington, Richard Arrington    Interviewer: Jack Bass
Duration: 00:47:23     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 9 excerpts.
11.
U. W. Clemon, July 17, 1974. Interview A-0006.
Evaluating 1970s Birmingham: Birmingham lawyer and politician U. W. Clemon describes his place in Birmingham politics and the city's continuing problems with race.
Interviewee: U. W. Clemon    Interviewer: Jack Bass
Duration: 01:00:31     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 10 excerpts.
12.
Arthur Shores, July 17, 1974. Interview A-0021.
Slow but Significant Progress in Birmingham, Alabama: Birmingham politician Arthur Shores offers his thoughts on the intersection of race and politics in his home city.
Interviewee: Arthur Shores    Interviewer: Jack Bass
Duration: 00:57:07     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 8 excerpts.
13.
George Wallace, July 15, 1974. Interview A-0024.
The Past, Present, and Future of George Wallace: Longstanding Alabama governor and former presidential candidate George Wallace discusses Alabama politics and racial issues in the United States.
Interviewee: George Wallace    Interviewer: Jack Bass, Walter DeVries
Duration: 01:39:59     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 14 excerpts.
14.
Reubin Askew, July 8, 1974. Interview A-0045.
On the Rising South and the Governorship of Florida: Florida governor Reubin Askew describes his approach to politics and comments on the political character of Florida and the American South.
Interviewee: Reubin Askew    Interviewer: Jack Bass, Walter DeVries
Duration: 01:25:47     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 14 excerpts.
15.
Rita Jackson Samuels, April 30, 1974. Interview A-0077.
The Growing Presence of African Americans in Georgia's Government: Rita Jackson Samuels, coordinator of the Governor's Council on Human Relations in Atlanta, Georgia, describes her role in expanding the presence of African Americans in Georgia's state government.
Interviewee: Rita Jackson Samuels    Interviewer: Jack Bass, Walter DeVries
Duration: 00:47:44     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 8 excerpts.
16.
Ferrel Guillory, December 11, 1973. Interview A-0123.
Republican Progress and Democratic Disarray in 1970s North Carolina: Political journalist Ferrel Guillory describes the state of party politics in North Carolina.
Interviewee: Ferrel Guillory    Interviewer: Jack Bass, Walter DeVries
Duration: 01:42:51     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 9 excerpts.
17.
Allen Bailey, [date unknown]. Interview B-0066.
Local Politics in Charlotte, North Carolina: Charlotte, North Carolina, political operative Allen Bailey shares his thoughts on politics and community.
Interviewee: Allen Bailey    Interviewer: Bill Moye
Duration: 01:03:35     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.
18.
Jimmy Carter [exact date unavailable], 1974. Interview A-0066.
The Democratic Party and the Popularization of Southern Politics: Jimmy Carter, the governor of Georgia, discusses the growing influence of the Democratic Party in southern states and links it to distinctly southern trends, such as increased voter participation and the impact of the civil rights movement.
Interviewee: Jimmy Carter    Interviewer: Jack Bass, Walter DeVries
Duration: 01:59:15     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 13 excerpts.
19.
Howell Heflin, July 9, 1974. Interview A-0010.
A Changing Judiciary in Alabama: Howell Heflin, who sat on the Alabama State Supreme Court in the 1970s before a two-decade tenure in the United States Senate, discusses the post-segregation Alabama judiciary.
Interviewee: Howell Heflin    Interviewer: Jack Bass, Walter DeVries
Duration: 01:11:49     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 10 excerpts.
20.
Lindy Boggs, January 31, 1974. Interview A-0082.
A Congresswoman from Louisiana Discusses the Evolution of Louisiana Politics since the 1930s: Louisiana Congresswoman Lindy Boggs discusses changes in Louisiana politics dating back to the 1930s, when she participated in the People's League, and through the 1950s and 1960s, which saw the gradual elimination of the "race issue" in politics. Boggs offers her thoughts on the nature of the Louisiana congressional delegation, the role of the South in Congress, and the impact of the women's movement on Congress during the 1970s.
Interviewee: Lindy Boggs    Interviewer: Jack Bass, Walter DeVries
Duration: 00:42:27     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.
21.
Andrew Young, January 31, 1974. Interview A-0080.
An African American Congressman from Georgia Remembers Changing Race Relations During the Civil Rights Movement: Andrew Young, the first African American congressman from Georgia since Reconstruction, describes his involvement in the early civil rights movement. After dedicating much time and energy to voter registration drives as a minister in Georgia, Young later entered politics and was first elected to Congress in 1972. Young cites the Voting Rights Act of 1965 as the decisive turning point in race relations and argues that it was this access to political power that allowed African Americans to bring to fruition other advances they had made in education, business, and social standing.
Interviewee: Andrew Young    Interviewer: Jack Bass, Walter DeVries
Duration: 00:42:21     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.
22.
James P. Coleman, September 5, 1990. Interview A-0338.
Former Attorney General and Governor of Mississippi Discusses Race and Politics: Former attorney general and governor of Mississippi James P. Coleman discusses his role in southern politics from the 1930s through the 1960s. Coleman focuses specifically on the issue of racial segregation and its impact on Mississippi politics.
Interviewee: James P. Coleman    Interviewer: John Egerton
Duration: 00:46:55     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.
23.
Leslie W. Dunbar, December 18, 1978. Interview G-0075.
Former Director of the Southern Regional Council Describes His Role in the Civil Rights Movement: Former executive director of the Southern Regional Council (SRC) Leslie Dunbar discusses his involvement in the civil rights movement, focusing on changes that occurred in the early 1960s. Dunbar describes the SRC as an organization dedicated to changing people's attitudes about race. He emphasizes the SRC's attempts to work with the federal government—particularly the Kennedy administration—and other civil rights organizations, especially in the Voter Education Program.
Interviewee: Leslie W. Dunbar    Interviewer: Jacquelyn Hall, Helen Bresler
Duration: 03:34:07     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 6 excerpts.
24.
Anne Barnes, January 30, 1989. Interview C-0049.
Overcoming the Barriers: One Woman's Fight against Racial and Gender Stereotypes in North Carolina's Political System: From 1981 to 1996, Anne Barnes sat in the North Carolina House of Representatives for Orange County. While there, she focused on issues of social justice, especially poverty, education, prison reform, civil rights and women's rights. In this 1989 interview, she explains her motivations to become involved in the political arena and discusses some of the political campaigns she has been associated with, including her own.
Interviewee: Anne Barnes    Interviewer: Kathryn Nasstrom
Duration: 01:28:33     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 7 excerpts.
25.
H. M. Michaux, November 20, 1974. Interview A-0135.
The Influence of Black Electoral Politics in North Carolina's Government: H. M. Michaux, a Durham, North Carolina, state representative, describes the role of black electoral politics in North Carolina's state government. He reflects on staying power of the Republican Party in southern politics.
Interviewee: H. M. Michaux    Interviewer: Jack Bass
Duration: 01:15:27     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 11 excerpts.
26.
William Gordon, January 19, 1991. Interview A-0364.
An African American Journalist Describes His Views on Segregation and Race Relations in the South: African American journalist William Gordon recalls growing up in the rural South in the 1920s and 1930s. He describes his relationship with civil rights advocates such as Ralph McGill and Herman Talmadge, and explains his perspective on changing race relations and the fall of Jim Crow segregation.
Interviewee: William Gordon    Interviewer: John Egerton
Duration: 01:24:03     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 6 excerpts.
27.
Clark Foreman, November 16, 1974. Interview B-0003.
Civil Rights Advocate Discusses his Work with the Roosevelt Administration and Civil Rights Organizations: Clark Foreman worked in the Atlanta Commission on Interracial Cooperation, the Roosevelt Administration, and the Southern Conference for Human Welfare from the 1920s through the 1940s. This interview traces his efforts to provide equal social services and political rights for African Americans through these organizations and explains how he developed these goals. He also discusses his travels in Europe, his work with Black Mountain College and organized labor, and his criticism of the Red Scare.
Interviewee: Clark Foreman    Interviewer: Jacquelyn Hall, William Finger
Duration: 04:55:32     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 17 excerpts.
28.
Frances Farenthold, December 14, 1974. Interview A-0186.
Texas State Legislator Describes Changes in Texas Politics During the Late 1960s and Early 1970s: A two-term member of the Texas state legislature, Frances Farenthold describes reform efforts in Texas politics during the late 1960s and early 1970s. In addition, Farenthold talks about what she perceives as a decline in overt racism during the post-World War II years, the role of women, and other demographic and sociocultural changes in Texas politics.
Interviewee: Frances Farenthold    Interviewer: Jack Bass, Walter DeVries
Duration: 01:27:39     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 7 excerpts.
29.
Naomi Elizabeth Morris, November 11 and 16, 1982, and March 29, 1983. Interview B-0050.
A North Carolina Woman Describes Becoming a Lawyer and a Founding Member of the North Carolina Court of Appeals: Naomi Elizabeth Morris grew up in Wilson, North Carolina, during the 1920s and 1930s. After graduating from college in the early 1940s, she worked as a legal secretary before attending the School of Law at the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill. One of the only women to graduate with her class in 1955, Morris practiced law for twelve years before becoming one of the original judges to serve on the North Carolina Court of Appeals.
Interviewee: Naomi Elizabeth Morris    Interviewer: Pat Devine
Duration: 02:26:29     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 10 excerpts.
30.
Moon Landrieu, January 10-11, 1974. Interview A-0089.
New Orleans Mayor Moon Landrieu Surveys the Changing Political Landscape: New Orleans Mayor Moon Landrieu describes the changing political landscape of the Crescent City following World War II through his tenure as mayor in the 1970s. Stressing the importance of voter registration and the appointment of African American public officials, Landrieu emphasizes the role of political leadership in effecting real change in New Orleans race relations during the long years of the civil rights movement.
Interviewee: Moon Landrieu    Interviewer: Jack Bass, Walter DeVries
Duration: 01:23:13     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.
31.
Isabella Cannon, Spring 1993. Interview G-0188.
First Woman Mayor of Raleigh, North Carolina, Commemorates the City's Bicentennial: Isabella Cannon was the first woman mayor of Raleigh, North Carolina. Elected in 1977, at the age of 73, the "old lady who wore tennis shoes" was a staunch advocate for community growth and revitalization. During her tenure, she worked to push through the Long Range Comprehensive Plan, to reconcile tensions between the city and the police and fire departments, strengthen the relationship between the city and the state, and to revitalize the downtown area.
Interviewee: Isabella Cannon    Interviewer: Jim Clark
Duration: 01:22:54     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 6 excerpts.
32.
Terry Sanford, [date unknown]. Interview A-0140.
A Southern Governor's Reflections on North Carolina Politics: Terry Sanford recalls his political career as a Democratic governor of North Carolina. He discusses the impact of race on southern politics and the realignment of political parties in the late twentieth century. Sanford attempts to reject the image of southern exceptionalism.
Interviewee: Terry Sanford    Interviewer: Jack Bass, Walter DeVries
Duration: 02:02:19     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 17 excerpts.
33.
Bert Nettles, July 13, 1974. Interview A-0015.
Bert Nettles Discusses Alabama Politics: Bert Nettles discusses the state of politics and the Republican Party in Alabama in the 1970s. He discusses, among other things, desegregation, the need for honesty and ethics reform in the political system, and the effect of Watergate on the Republican Party.
Interviewee: Bert Nettles    Interviewer: Jack Bass, Walter DeVries
Duration: 01:27:28     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 16 excerpts.
34.
Calvin Kytle, January 19, 1991. Interview A-0365.
Southern Husband and Wife Discuss the Issues and Leaders of Civil Rights in Georgia Following World War II: Calvin and Elizabeth Kytle, both born and raised in the South, held liberal views on race issues and supported civil rights. Here, they describe their perceptions of race problems and their thoughts on the actions of various leaders and politicians, ranging from pro-segregationists to racial moderates to civil rights activists.
Interviewee: Calvin Kytle    Interviewer: John Egerton
Duration: 01:18:52     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.
35.
Virginia Foster Durr, March 13, 14, 15, 1975. Interview G-0023-2.
Emerging from a Cocoon: How Virginia Foster Durr Became a Civil Rights Activist: In this fast-paced 1975 interview, Virginia Foster Durr remembers her growing awareness of social problems in the South, and continues sharing her life stories through 1948. Along with her husband Clifford Durr, Virginia recounts their move to Washington, D.C., particularly her disaffection with social society and her transition to political action.
Interviewee: Virginia Foster Durr    Interviewer: Sue Thrasher
Duration: 07:11:08     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 41 excerpts.
36.
Virginia Foster Durr, October 16, 1975. Interview G-0023-3.
Virginia Foster Durr on the Southern Response to the New Deal: This is the final interview in a series of three with Virginia Foster Durr. Since the previous session, Clifford Durr had died, making the interview feel very different from the two in which he had taken part. The interview begins with Durr's growing awareness of racial matters and her activism during their life among the New Dealers in Washington, D.C. Among the topics she touches on are the anti-communism of the 1950s, sexual discrimination on Capitol Hill, and the southern reaction to Roosevelt's New Deal policies.
Interviewee: Virginia Foster Durr    Interviewer: Sue Thrasher
Duration: 11:40:12     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 41 excerpts.
37.
John Ivey, July 21, 1990. Interview A-0360.
Southern Sociologist Describes the Southern Regional Education Board: John Ivey received his doctoral degree in sociology from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1944. He and his wife, Melville Corbett Ivey, describe their interaction with such leading figures as Howard Odum, Rupert Vance, and Frank Porter Graham. After a brief sojourn working for the Tennessee Valley Authority, Ivey became the director of the Southern Regional Education Board, where he advocated for the desegregation of public schools in the South.
Interviewee: John Ivey    Interviewer: John Egerton
Duration: 01:30:56     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.
38.
Albert Gore, March 13, 1976. Interview A-0321-1.
A Long Career in Politics Begins: Albert Gore Sr. reviews the history leading up to his senatorial career, concentrating on his rural upbringing and his early political experiences. He also reflects on his impressions of other important politicians he knew, including Franklin D. Roosevelt, Sam Rayburn, Estes Kefauver, Harry S. Truman, and Lyndon B. Johnson.
Interviewee: Albert Gore    Interviewer: Dewey W. Grantham, James B. Gardner
Duration: 02:13:00     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 9 excerpts.
39.
Albert Gore, October 24, 1976. Interview A-0321-2.
The Awakening of a Liberal Southern Politician: Albert Gore Sr.—a politician from Tennessee noted for being one of two southern senators to refuse to sign the Southern Manifesto, a 1956 document decrying the desegregation of public spaces in America—summarizes his senatorial career. He discusses his opposition to the Korean and Vietnam wars, as well as his activities on a variety of Senate committees.
Interviewee: Albert Gore    Interviewer: Dewey W. Grantham, James B. Gardner
Duration: 03:06:04     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 21 excerpts.
40.
Daniel Duke, August 22, 1990. Interview A-0366.
Southern Jurist Describes Legal Struggle Against the Ku Klux Klan and Georgia Politics During the 1930s and 1940s: Daniel Duke was born in Palmetto, Georgia, in 1915 and became a lawyer during the 1930s. As the solicitor general of Fulton County in the late 1930s and early 1940s, Duke presided over a case against the Ku Klux Klan and their use of flogging as a terror tactic against both African Americans and whites.
Interviewee: Daniel Duke    Interviewer: John Egerton
Duration: 01:34:22     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 6 excerpts.
41.
Virginius Dabney, July 31, 1975. Interview A-0311-2.
Reflections on a Southern Newspaper Editor's Career: Virginius Dabney traces his involvement with the school desegregation crisis in post-1954 Virginia. Dabney's political and social beliefs about integration appeared in the newspaper he edited, the Richmond Times-Dispatch. This interview spans the breadth of his career from the 1920s to the 1970s.
Interviewee: Virginius Dabney    Interviewer: Daniel Jordan, William H. Turpin
Duration: 04:27:55     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 37 excerpts.
42.
Sidney S. McMath, September 8, 1990. Interview A-0352.
Arkansas Governor Describes His Liberal Political View of the 1940s and 1950s: Sid McMath was the governor of Arkansas from 1949 to 1953. A staunch liberal Democrat, McMath advocated for the inclusion of African Americans in the Democratic Party and in higher education, challenged the patriarchal control of the power companies over the state, and improved infrastructure. Here, he describes his perception of the Dixiecrat revolt of 1948 and his belief that federal intervention was necessary to end Jim Crow segregation in the South.
Interviewee: Sidney S. McMath    Interviewer: John Egerton
Duration: 00:44:47     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.
43.
Strom Thurmond, July 20, 1978. Interview A-0334.
How Strom Thurmond Learned Hard Work and Politics in South Carolina: Strom Thurmond discusses his childhood and the people who inspired his long political career. As an attorney, judge, and governor, Thurmond advocated for states' rights and witnessed the desegregation of South Carolina. He recounts how he lived out his values in regard to the United States Constitution and race relations.
Interviewee: Strom Thurmond    Interviewer: James G. Banks
Duration: 02:38:24     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 12 excerpts.
44.
Lloyd E. Griffin, August 20, 1982. Interview C-0135.
North Carolina Lawyer Describes His Views on the North Carolina Citizens Association and on the Leadership of B. Everett Jordan: Lloyd Griffin was a lawyer who was born and raised in Belvedere, North Carolina. Following his service in World War I, Griffin returned to North Carolina and became involved in state politics. He describes his involvement in the North Carolina Citizens Association and his perception of North Carolina politics, focusing specifically on the leadership of B. Everett Jordan.
Interviewee: Lloyd E. Griffin    Interviewer: Ben Bulla
Duration: 01:06:25     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.
45.
Horace Kornegay, January 11, 1989. Interview C-0165.
North Carolina Democratic Congressman Describes State Politics in the 1960s: Horace Kornegay was born and raised in North Carolina. He practiced law and became involved in local and state politics during the 1950s. In 1960, Kornegay was elected as a Democrat to the United States House of Representatives, where he worked closely with North Carolina Senator B. Everett Jordan to promote the interests of North Carolina textiles, tobacco, and furniture industries.
Interviewee: Horace Kornegay    Interviewer: Ben Bulla
Duration: 01:40:56     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.
46.
Nancy Palm, December 16, 1974. Interview A-0194.
Republican County Chairperson Describes the Evolution of the Republican Party in Texas: Nancy Palm was the chairperson of the Republican Party in Harris County, Texas, during the 1960s and 1970s. She describes her own transition from liberal to conservative in the 1950s, the importance of political organization to the evolution of the Republican Party in Texas, her perception of women's liberation, and the role of such politicians as John G. Tower, John Connally, George Bush, and Richard Nixon in the rise of southern conservatism.
Interviewee: Nancy Palm    Interviewer: Jack Bass, Walter DeVries
Duration: 00:58:08     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.
47.
Tawana Belinda Wilson-Allen, May 11, 2006. Interview U-0098.
Congressional Liaison Shares Her Experiences as a Longtime Community Activist: Tawana Belinda Wilson-Allen recalls her community activist work and her service as a congressional liaison for Congressman Mel Watt. She assesses the tensions between lower-income and wealthier residents in Charlotte, North Carolina.
Interviewee: Tawana Belinda Wilson-Allen    Interviewer: Elizabeth Gritter
Duration: 01:43:06     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 12 excerpts.
48.
Zeno Ponder, March 22, 1974. Interview A-0326.
Rebuilding the Democratic Party in the North Carolina Mountains: Zeno Ponder is one of the most respected and influential leaders of Madison County, North Carolina. This interview begins with his descriptions of his family's activities in the area and local political traditions. Ponder briefly describes his experiences at local schools, including Mars Hill College. Ponder became involved in local politics through a training program and his brother's campaign for sheriff.
Interviewee: Zeno Ponder    Interviewer: William Finger
Duration: 02:07:02     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 18 excerpts.
49.
Grace Jemison Rohrer, March 16, 1989. Interview C-0069.
An Interview with North Carolina's First Woman in a State Cabinet-Level Position: The first woman to serve in a cabinet-level position in North Carolina, Grace Jemison Rohrer first became involved in politics in the 1960s, organizing the Republican Party in Forsyth County, North Carolina. Rohrer later joined forces with Democratic women in order to establish the North Carolina Women's Political Caucus (NCWPC) in 1971. In 1973, Governor James Holshouser appointed her to serve as the Secretary of Cultural Resources. Throughout the 1970s, Rohrer advocated for women to have a more active role in politics, and she actively supported the Equal Rights Amendment.
Interviewee: Grace Jemison Rohrer    Interviewer: Kathryn Nasstrom
Duration: 01:30:36     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 7 excerpts.
50.
Terry Sanford, August 20 and 21, 1976. Interview A-0328-2.
Changes in North Carolina Politics and Higher Education since 1960: Terry Sanford was a North Carolina governor and Democratic United States senator. This interview describes his political career since 1960, including his unsuccessful presidential runs and his term as president of Duke University.
Interviewee: Terry Sanford    Interviewer: Brent Glass
Duration: 03:23:42     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 14 excerpts.
51.
Margaret Keesee-Forrester, April 21, 1989. Interview C-0065.
North Carolina Woman Describes Her Experiences in the State Legislature, the Women's Movement, and the Republican Party: Margaret Kessee-Forrester, a native of Greensboro, North Carolina, became the first woman from Guilford County elected to the North Carolina General Assembly. She describes her experiences as a woman serving in the state legislature during the 1970s and 1980s, her involvement in the women's movement, and her stance as a moderate Republican.
Interviewee: Margaret Keesee-Forrester    Interviewer: Kathryn Nasstrom
Duration: 01:34:08     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.
52.
Martha C. McKay, June 13, 1989. Interview C-0076.
Women's Rights Activist Describes Her Involvement in the Democratic Party and the North Carolina Women's Political Caucus During the 1960s and 1970s: Martha McKay was actively involved in student politics at the University of North Carolina before her graduation with a degree in economics in 1941. Here, McKay describes her active involvement in Terry Sanford's gubernatorial campaign, the Democratic Party, and the women's rights movement during the 1960s and 1970s. She discusses her role as a founding member of the North Carolina Women's Political Caucus, the need for effective leadership and organization for women's rights, and the progress women have made in politics.
Interviewee: Martha C. McKay    Interviewer: Kathryn Nasstrom, Kathryn Nasstrom
Duration: 01:54:07     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 8 excerpts.
53.
Martha C. McKay, March 29, 1974. Interview A-0324.
North Carolina Women's Rights Activist Describes the 1973 Defeat of the Equal Rights Amendment in the General Assembly: Martha McKay, women's rights activist and Democratic Party member, describes the defeat of the Equal Rights Amendment in the North Carolina General Assembly in 1973. Focusing on the role of the North Carolina Women's Political Caucus (NCWPC) in lobbying for ratification of the amendment, McKay describes how the opposition successfully organized to defeat the amendment and how that defeat affected the NCWPC.
Interviewee: Martha C. McKay    Interviewer: Belinda Riggsbee
Duration: 00:47:05     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.
54.
Harvey B. Gantt, January 6, 1986. Interview C-0008.
Seizing the Success of the Civil Rights Movement: Architect and politician Harvey Gantt describes his ascent from a childhood in segregated Charleston, South Carolina, to becoming the first black mayor of Charlotte, North Carolina. As a southerner, he sees the accomplishments of the civil rights movement as dramatic; as a member of the black middle class, he leans toward negotiation rather than revolt.
Interviewee: Harvey B. Gantt    Interviewer: Lynn Haessly
Duration: 01:14:43     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 13 excerpts.
55.
Charles M. Lowe, March 20, 1975. Interview B-0069.
Political Patterns and the Consolidation Debate in Charlotte, North Carolina: Longtime Charlotte politician Charles M. Lowe discusses the county-city consolidation issue in Charlotte, North Carolina, and offers his thoughts on the broad, impersonal trends that dominate the political process.
Interviewee: Charles M. Lowe    Interviewer: Bill Moye
Duration: 00:58:58     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 13 excerpts.
56.
Frederick Douglas Alexander, April 1, 1975. Interview B-0065.
City Council Member Assesses Charlotte-Mecklenburg County's Consolidation Efforts: Frederick Douglas Alexander served as a city council member who worked to consolidate Charlotte-Mecklenburg County from 1969 to 1971. He discusses the failures of the consolidation movement.
Interviewee: Frederick Douglas Alexander    Interviewer: Bill Moye
Duration: 00:29:56     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 6 excerpts.
57.
J. Carlton Fleming, [date unknown]. Interview B-0068.
The Failure of Consolidation in Charlotte, North Carolina, in the 1960s: J. Carlton Fleming, who was on a Chamber of Commerce committee pushing for consolidation in Charlotte, North Carolina, in the 1960s, discusses the demise of the issue in this interview.
Interviewee: J. Carlton Fleming    Interviewer: Bill Moye
Duration: 00:40:13     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.
58.
Herman Talmadge, July 15 and 24, 1975. Interview A-0331-1.
Senator Herman Talmadge Recalls His Early Involvement in Georgia Politics, His Father's Political Legacy, and His Rise to Prominence: In this interview, the first in a three-part series, Herman Talmadge discusses his political career as governor of Georgia and his decision to run for the United States Senate.
Interviewee: Herman Talmadge    Interviewer: Jack Nelson
Duration: 01:48:53     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 10 excerpts.
59.
Herman Talmadge, July 29 and August 1, 1975. Interview A-0331-2.
Georgia Senator Herman Talmadge Offers His Perspective on National Politics During His Years in the Senate: Senator Herman Talmadge of Georgia recalls national political happenings during his tenure in the Senate from the mid-1950s through the mid-1970s.
Interviewee: Herman Talmadge    Interviewer: Jack Nelson
Duration: 01:37:30     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 8 excerpts.
60.
Herman Talmadge, December 18, 1975. Interview A-0331-3.
Georgia Senator Herman Talmadge Reflects on Political and Social Issues in the 1970s and His Political Legacy: Senator Herman Talmadge of Georgia offers concluding remarks in this final interview of a three-part series, reflecting on contemporary political issues of the mid-1970s. Additionally, he reflects on his own political legacy in the state of Georgia.
Interviewee: Herman Talmadge    Interviewer: Jack Nelson
Duration: 00:38:19     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.
61.
Howard Kester, July 22, 1974. Interview B-0007-1.
Southern Social Justice Activist Describes Views on Race, Labor, and Religion: Howard Kester was a pacifist and social reformer in the South from the early 1920s through the 1960s. In this interview, he focuses on his adherence to pacifism, Christianity, the Social Gospel, and Socialism. He describes his work to end injustices associated with race and labor, and assesses the work of prominent social justice leaders in the South during the 1920s and 1930s.
Interviewee: Howard Kester    Interviewer: Jacquelyn Hall, William Finger
Duration: 02:58:02     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 10 excerpts.
62.
Robert W. (Bob) Scott, September 18, 1986. Interview C-0036.
A Democratic Governor Speaks on Politics in a Republican State: Robert W. (Bob) Scott, former governor of North Carolina and the state's community college system president, describes his tenure as governor and discusses North Carolina politics.
Interviewee: Robert W. (Bob) Scott    Interviewer: Karl E. Campbell
Duration: 01:45:18     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 7 excerpts.
63.
Isabella Cannon, June 27, 1989. Interview C-0062.
First Female Mayor of Raleigh Remembers Her Community Activism and Her Accomplishments in Office: Elected in 1977 at the age of 73, Isabella Cannon was the first female mayor of Raleigh, North Carolina. In this interview, Cannon describes her involvement in the United Church of Christ, her support of the civil rights movement, and her advocacy for community revitalization and development. In addition, she recalls her major accomplishments as mayor and the challenges she faced in implementing her long-range comprehensive plan for the city.
Interviewee: Isabella Cannon    Interviewer: Kathryn Nasstrom
Duration: 01:32:30     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.
64.
Jack Hawke, June 7, 1990. Interview C-0087.
Chair of the North Carolina Republican Party Describes Party Development: North Carolina Republican Chair Jack Hawke outlines the evolution of the party from the 1960s through the 1980s. Hawke especially focuses on divisions, various leaders, and organizational limits and successes within the Republican Party.
Interviewee: Jack Hawke    Interviewer: Jonathan Houghton
Duration: 01:04:07     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.
65.
Edward L. Rankin, August 20, 1987. Interview C-0044.
Assistant to Governors Umstead and Hodges Describes North Carolina Politics and the Pearsall Plan: Edward L. Rankin served as private secretary to North Carolina Governors William Umstead (1952-1954) and Luther Hodges (1954-1961). In this interview he describes their political leadership, the Pearsall Plan, and the spectrum of political responses to the Brown v. Board of Education decision.
Interviewee: Edward L. Rankin    Interviewer: Jay Jenkins
Duration: 01:34:55     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 7 excerpts.
66.
Henry Ell Frye, February 18 and 26, 1992. Interview C-0091.
North Carolina Lawyer and Supreme Court Justice Discusses Race Relations and His Career: Henry Frye grew up in a segregated farming community in North Carolina during the 1930s and 1940s before becoming a lawyer. He went on to become the first African American elected to the North Carolina General Assembly and to serve on the state supreme court. In this interview, he describes race relations, his career as a lawyer, and his experiences in politics.
Interviewee: Henry Ell Frye    Interviewer: Amy E. Boening
Duration: 02:44:14     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 10 excerpts.
67.
Alexander M. Rivera, November 30, 2001. Interview C-0297.
African American Photojournalist Describes His Coverage of the Civil Rights Movement (Part I): African American photojournalist Alexander M. Rivera describes the civil rights movement from his perspective as a reporter for the Pittsburgh Courier. He focuses on the nature of race relations and racial violence and describes the impact of the Brown v. Board of Education decision on the changing social landscape.
Interviewee: Alexander M. Rivera    Interviewer: Kieran Taylor
Duration: 01:58:12     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 6 excerpts.
68.
Alexander M. Rivera, February 1, 2002. Interview C-0298.
African American Photojournalist Describes His Coverage of the Civil Rights Movement (Part II): African American photojournalist Alexander M. Rivera describes the civil rights movement and its aftermath. In particular, he describes some of his photographs, as well as the impact of the Brown decision (and the demise of legal segregation) on African American businesses and African American schools, including North Carolina Central College.
Interviewee: Alexander M. Rivera    Interviewer: Kieran Taylor
Duration: 00:47:46     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 3 excerpts.
69.
Terry Sanford, December 16 and 18, 1986. Interview C-0038.
Focusing on the Positive: A Premier North Carolina Politician's Long Career: Terry Sanford, a Democratic politician who served as a state senator, governor, and U.S. senator in North Carolina and held the presidency at Duke University, reflects on his political career.
Interviewee: Terry Sanford    Interviewer: Brent Glass
Duration: 02:34:30     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 15 excerpts.
70.
Wilbur Hobby, March 13, 1975. Interview E-0006.
Southern Tobacco Worker Describes His Involvement in the Labor Movement and Politics: Wilbur Hobby describes growing up impoverished in Durham, North Carolina, during the Great Depression and his eventual involvement in the labor movement. Employed by the American Tobacco Company after World War II, he became an active member of the union and eventually became a leader in such organizations as the Voters for Better Government and the Committee on Political Education.
Interviewee: Wilbur Hobby    Interviewer: William Finger
Duration: 01:28:53     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.
71.
Ellen W. Gerber, February 18 and March 24, 1992. Interview C-0092.
Physical Educator Turned Lawyer Describes Women's Issues and Legal Service for the Poor in North Carolina: Originally from Brooklyn, New York, Ellen Gerber received her doctorate in physical education and taught in northern colleges before attending the School of Law at the University of North Carolina during the mid-1970s. After her graduation, she accepted a job with Legal Aid. She describes her careers in physical education and law and discusses in detail her advocacy of women's issues.
Interviewee: Ellen W. Gerber    Interviewer: Kristen L. Gislason
Duration: 02:18:49     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 6 excerpts.
72.
I. Beverly Lake Sr., September 8, 1987. Interview C-0043.
Former North Carolina Gubernatorial Candidate Reflects on His Life and Career: I. Beverly Lake Sr. reflects on his long career as a teacher, attorney, and judge. He counsels white political unity as a means to stem racial integration.
Interviewee: I. Beverly Lake    Interviewer: Charles Dunn
Duration: 02:06:00     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 12 excerpts.
73.
Adele Clark, February 28, 1964. Interview G-0014-2.
Southern Woman Describes Her Leadership Roles in the Women's Suffrage Movement: Adele Clark was a founding member of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia and the League of Women Voters. In this interview, she describes how the suffrage movement unfolded in Virginia, discussing the successes as well as the obstacles suffragettes faced during their struggle.
Interviewee: Adele Clark    Interviewer: Winston Broadfoot
Duration: 01:47:00     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 6 excerpts.
74.
Clay East, September 22, 1973. Interview E-0003.
Founding Member of the Southern Tenant Farmers Union Discusses Socialism and Organized Labor: Clay East was a founding member of the Southern Tenant Farmers Union. In this interview, he describes life in Tyronza, Arkansas, during the 1920s and 1930s; his conversion to socialism; his observation of the problems of tenant farmers and sharecroppers; and his role in the formation of the union during the early 1930s.
Interviewee: Clay East    Interviewer: Sue Thrasher
Duration: 03:44:22     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 13 excerpts.
75.
Olive Stone, August 13, 1975. Interview G-0059-4.
Academic Woman Describes Personal and Professional Life and Her Work for Social Justice: Sociologist Olive Stone describes her work as the dean of Huntingdon College from 1929 to 1934, her doctoral work at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill from 1934 to 1936, and her work in radical politics and for social justice during the 1930s. In addition, Stone speaks at length about her life as a single woman, both professionally and socially.
Interviewee: Olive Stone    Interviewer: Sherna Gluck
Duration: 02:08:06     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 7 excerpts.
76.
Jonathan Worth Daniels, March 9-11, 1977. Interview A-0313.
Newspaper Editor's Colorful Memories of North Carolina's Race and Politics: In this interview, Jonathan Daniels discusses his father's role as a newspaper editor and Secretary of the Navy, as well as his father's racial and religious views. Daniels also describes how race and the University of North Carolina shaped his own life.
Interviewee: Jonathan Worth Daniels    Interviewer: Charles Eagles
Duration: 09:52:17     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 18 excerpts.
77.
Elizabeth Pearsall, May 25, 1988. Interview C-0056.
Wife Recalls Husband's Role in North Carolina's School Desegregation Plan: Elizabeth Pearsall reflects on the role of her husband, Thomas Pearsall, in the North Carolina school desegregation plan. She also discusses her own efforts at fostering racial cooperation.
Interviewee: Elizabeth Pearsall    Interviewer: Walter E. Campbell
Duration: 01:15:39     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 7 excerpts.
78.
Nancy Holt, October 27, 1985. Interview K-0010.
Cane Creek Resident Describes Battle Against Reservoir Construction: Nancy Holt, raised in North Carolina's Cane Creek community and a member of the Cane Creek Conservation Authority, discusses the reaction of the community when UNC and the Orange County Water and Sewer Authority attempted to build a reservoir in Cane Creek.
Interviewee: Nancy Holt    Interviewer: Frances E. Webb
Duration: 02:36:19     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 13 excerpts.
79.
Anne Queen, November 22, 1976. Interview G-0049-2.
Radicalism and the Changing Landscape of Student Politics: Anne Queen, director of the YWCA-YMCA at University of North Carolina, discusses leftist student political groups at Chapel Hill during the 1950s and 1960s and the evolution of student activism into the 1970s. Additionally, she speaks more broadly about the role of radical politics in the South and offers her thoughts on the state of national politics at the time of the interview.
Interviewee: Anne Queen    Interviewer: Joseph A. Herzenberg
Duration: 01:01:20     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.
80.
Gladys Avery Tillett, March 20, 1974. Interview G-0061.
North Carolina Woman Describes Her Work with the League of Women Voters, State Politics, and the National Democratic Party: Gladys Avery Tillett was an advocate for women's suffrage during the early twentieth century and a participant in both state and national politics from the 1920s into the 1950s. In this interview, she describes her education, her work with the League of Women Voters, and her experiences as a leader in the National Democratic Party.
Interviewee: Gladys Avery Tillett    Interviewer: Jacquelyn Hall, Jacquelyn Hall, Jacquelyn Hall
Duration: 02:04:33     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 9 excerpts.
81.
Sam Crawford, October 26, 1985. Interview K-0006.
Local Activist Describes the Formation and Activities of the Cane Creek Conservation Authority: Sam Crawford describes the formation and activities of the Cane Creek Conservation Authority in their battle against the Orange Water and Sewer Authority's effort to build a reservoir on Cane Creek in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. He focuses on the grassroots nature of the CCCA's actions and offers commentary about what he views as the exploitative nature of land development.
Interviewee: Sam Crawford    Interviewer: Judith Wheeler
Duration: 02:05:20     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.
82.
Richard H. Moore, August 2, 2002. Interview K-0598.
The Impact of Hurricane Floyd on North Carolina and the State's Response: North Carolina State Treasurer and former Secretary of Crime Control and Public Safety Richard Moore describes the impact of Hurricane Floyd (1999) and the state government's response to the crisis. Moore describes the evolution of the Division of Emergency Management during his term and what he sees as its increasing effectiveness in responding to natural disasters.
Interviewee: Richard H. Moore    Interviewer: Leda Hartman
Duration: 00:56:47     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 6 excerpts.
83.
John Ledford, January 3, 2001. Interview K-0251.
Growth, Crime, and Law Enforcement in Madison County, North Carolina: John Ledford, the sheriff of Madison County, North Carolina, describes the effects of economic growth on his job and his community.
Interviewee: John Ledford    Interviewer: Rob Amberg
Duration: 01:33:49     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 6 excerpts.
84.
Koka Booth, July 6, 2004. Interview K-0648.
Helping Cary Grow: A Former Mayor Reflects on Spurring Community Growth: Koka Booth, former mayor of Cary, North Carolina, describes the growth of his city during his twelve-year tenure.
Interviewee: Koka Booth    Interviewer: Peggy Van Scoyoc
Duration: 00:44:58     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.
85.
Dale Bumpers, June 17, 1974. Interview A-0026.
Arkansas Governor and Senator Describes the Changing Political Landscape of the South: Arkansas Governor Dale Bumpers describes the accomplishments of his administration (1970-1975), the changing political conditions and the political strategy that had allowed for his election, and his hopes for the future as he prepared to enter the United States Senate.
Interviewee: Dale Bumpers    Interviewer: Jack Bass, Walter DeVries
Duration: 01:00:54     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 6 excerpts.
86.
Jesse Helms, March 8, 1974. Interview A-0124.
The Republican Party, Race, and the South: A Senator Looks Forward: Senator Jesse Helms describes some of his political positions, and reflects on the state of the Republican Party.
Interviewee: Jesse Helms    Interviewer: Jack Bass
Duration: 00:44:38     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 7 excerpts.
87.
Raymond Dawson, February 4, 1991. Interview L-0133.
Former Vice President of Academic Affairs Discusses Desegregation of North Carolina Colleges and Universities: Former Vice President of Academic Affairs at the University of North Carolina, Raymond Dawson, discusses tensions surrounding federal desegregation orders in North Carolina during the 1970s. Because of North Carolina's comparatively large number of historically black colleges, the state became a testing ground for the federal government to explore ways to integrate public education while preserving historically black colleges.
Interviewee: Raymond Dawson    Interviewer: William Link
Duration: 00:46:25     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 2 excerpts.
88.
Terry Sanford, December 18, 1990. Interview L-0050.
Terry Sanford Discusses Civil Rights, Higher Education, and the Leadership of Anne Queen at the University of North Carolina: Former governor of North Carolina Terry Sanford lauds the leadership of Anne Queen, director of the YMCA/YWCA at the University of North Carolina. In addition, Sanford discusses his advocacy of the civil rights movement and argues that UNC was a particularly powerful force for social change during the mid-twentieth century.
Interviewee: Terry Sanford    Interviewer: Cindy Cheatham
Duration: 00:30:41     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 3 excerpts.
89.
William C. Friday, November 19, 1990. Interview L-0144.
Former University of North Carolina President William Friday Discusses the Relationship Between State and University Politics: Former president of the University of North Carolina System William Friday describes his relationship with and perception of his predecessors Frank Porter Graham and Gordon Gray. In addition, he describes various aspects of his own presidency, including his approach to desegregation and his relationships with a variety of individuals and organizations.
Interviewee: William C. Friday    Interviewer: William Link
Duration: 01:28:43     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.
90.
William C. Friday, November 26, 1990. Interview L-0145.
University of North Carolina President William Friday Discusses the Speaker Ban Controversy of the 1960s: President of the University of North Carolina System, William Friday, discusses the Speaker Ban controversy. The ban, enforced from 1963 to 1968, forbade any communist—or anyone who refused during a formal hearing to disavow allegiance to communism—to speak on campus. Throughout the interview, Friday focuses on issues of academic freedom, his efforts to have the law overturned, and the broader social unrest that characterized campus politics during that era.
Interviewee: William C. Friday    Interviewer: William Link
Duration: 01:21:57     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.
91.
William C. Friday, December 3, 1990. Interview L-0147.
UNC President William Friday Discusses His Interactions with Various Presidential Administrations: President of the University of North Carolina System William Friday discusses his interaction with American presidents from Herbert Hoover to George H. W. Bush. The bulk of the interview revolves around descriptions of Friday's work with Lyndon Johnson, Richard Nixon, and Jimmy Carter on issues of higher education.
Interviewee: William C. Friday    Interviewer: William Link
Duration: 02:05:06     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 6 excerpts.
92.
David Breneman, May 10, 1991. Interview L-0122.
HEW Official Discusses Federal Criteria for Desegregation of Southern Universities and Colleges: Economist David Breneman discusses his brief tenure with the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW) in 1977. In this interview, Breneman describes his role in the establishment of federal criteria for school desegregation, focusing particularly on HEW's interactions with education officials in North Carolina.
Interviewee: David Breneman    Interviewer: William Link
Duration: 00:53:58     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.
93.
Robert W. (Bob) Scott, April 4, 1990. Interview L-0193.
Former Governor of North Carolina Reflects on His Administration and the Consolidation of the University System: Former Governor Robert W. Scott discusses the consolidation of the University system during his administration, focusing on the leadership of William Friday and Cameron West and the political maneuvering that characterized the process. In addition, he reflects on his accomplishments as governor, expressing pride in his ability to significantly reduce racial unrest during a tumultuous era.
Interviewee: Robert W. (Bob) Scott    Interviewer: William Link
Duration: 01:36:49     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.
94.
Peter Holmes, April 18, 1991. Interview L-0168.
Former Director of the Office for Civil Rights Discusses Desegregation Policies for Higher Education During the 1970s: Peter Holmes served as the Director of the Office for Civil Rights (OCR) from 1973 to 1975. In this interview, he discusses the challenges the OCR faced in developing and enforcing guidelines for the desegregation of higher education in southern states.
Interviewee: Peter Holmes    Interviewer: William Link
Duration: 01:08:23     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.
95.
John Lewis, November 20, 1973. Interview A-0073.
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) Leader Describes His Role in the Civil Rights Movement: John Lewis served as the chairman of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) from 1963 to 1966. In this interview, Lewis outlines his role within the civil rights movement through his participation in the sit-in movement of 1960 in Nashville, the Freedom Rides through Alabama and Mississippi in 1961, the Mississippi Freedom Summer of 1964, the Selma voter registration drive in 1965, and the shift towards the politics of black power within SNCC by 1966. Throughout the interview, he situates the activities of SNCC within the civil rights movement more broadly, focusing on issues of leadership, religion, and politics.
Interviewee: John Lewis    Interviewer: Jack Bass, Walter DeVries
Duration: 02:00:42     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 8 excerpts.
96.
Joseph Califano, April 5, 1991. Interview L-0125.
HEW Official Recounts the University of North Carolina's Resistance to Desegregation: Joseph Califano served as the Secretary of the United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW) from 1977 to 1979. He recalls the reasons for the University of North Carolina's opposition to HEW's desegregation criteria.
Interviewee: Joseph Califano    Interviewer: William Link
Duration: 00:24:10     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.
97.
Martha W. Evans, June 26, 1974. Interview A-0318.
State Legislator Describes Charlotte, North Carolina, Politics in the 1960s and 1970s: Martha W. Evans was already an active participant in Charlotte, North Carolina, politics when she was elected as a state legislator in 1962. In this interview, she describes local and state politics as they related to the great physical and economic growth Charlotte experienced from the late 1950s into the 1970s.
Interviewee: Martha W. Evans    Interviewer: Bill Moye
Duration: 01:06:05     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 6 excerpts.
98.
J. Carlyle Sitterson, November 4 and 6, 1987. Interview L-0030.
UNC Chancellor Reflects on Tumultuous Changes During the Civil Rights Era: J. Carlyle Sitterson discusses his tenure as University of North Carolina chancellor during the 1960s and 1970s. He describes the difficult balance he struck between the Board of Trustees and the student body on issues of student rights.
Interviewee: J. Carlyle Sitterson    Interviewer: Pamela Dean
Duration: 01:30:52     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 7 excerpts.
99.
Daniel H. Pollitt, November 19, 1990. Interview L-0048.
UNC Law Professor Describes Gender and Racial Dynamics at UNC from the 1950s through the 1970s: Daniel Pollitt describes his admiration for University of North Carolina Campus Y director, Anne Queen. He discusses his and Queen's engagement in social justice movements and the city of Chapel Hill's reaction to student political engagement.
Interviewee: Daniel H. Pollitt    Interviewer: Cindy Cheatham
Duration: 01:13:00     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 8 excerpts.
100.
Maury Maverick, October 27, 1975. Interview A-0323.
Politician and Lawyer Discusses Liberal Politics in Texas: Born into a long line of Texas politicians, Maury Maverick Jr. served in the Texas House of Representatives for six years during the 1950s, and as a lawyer from the 1960s into the 1970s. Maverick speaks at length about his radical political leanings and the evolution of liberalism in Texas.
Interviewee: Maury Maverick    Interviewer: Chandler Davidson
Duration: 01:30:35     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 8 excerpts.
101.
George A. LeMaistre, April 29, 1985. Interview A-0358.
Race and Politics in Alabama: George LeMaistre remembers Alabama politics from the 1920s to the 1970s, a story troubled by violent racism and the struggle over integration.
Interviewee: George A. LeMaistre    Interviewer: Allen J. Going
Duration: 07:42:36     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 31 excerpts.
102.
Floyd B. McKissick Sr., December 6, 1973. Interview A-0134.
"Just Forget the Damn Differences": Pragmatism and the Civil Rights Movement: Civil rights activist Floyd McKissick evaluates the legacies of the civil rights movement and looks toward its next phase in the 1970s.
Interviewee: Floyd B. McKissick    Interviewer: Jack Bass
Duration: 00:56:55     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 12 excerpts.
103.
Thomas Jackson White Jr., March 14, 1986. Interview C-0029-2.
"I Love to Have Opposition": Influence and Interference in Raleigh, North Carolina: Thomas Jackson White Jr. describes his leadership on the State Art Museum Building Commission and his career as a lobbyist for the tobacco industry in North Carolina.
Interviewee: Thomas Jackson White    Interviewer: Pamela Dean
Duration: 02:43:34     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 12 excerpts.
104.
Clarke Reed, April 2, 1974. Interview A-0113.
Mississippi State Republican Party Chairman Discusses the Growing Prominence of the South and the Republican Party in National Politics: Clarke Reed became the state chairman of the Republican Party in Mississippi during the mid-1960s, thus overseeing the growing prominence of the Republican Party in the South and the burgeoning importance of the South in national politics into the mid-1970s. In this interview, he describes his own political philosophy in relationship to southern conservatism and his perception of various Republican political leaders.
Interviewee: Clarke Reed    Interviewer: Jack Bass, Walter DeVries
Duration: 01:35:36     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 7 excerpts.
105.
L. M. Wright Jr., April 1, 1974. Interview A-0333-1.
A Newspaperman Discusses the Political Landscape in Charlotte, North Carolina, During the 1960s: A writer and editor for the Charlotte Observer, L. M. Wright offers his insider's perspective on the changing political landscape of Charlotte, North Carolina, from the late 1950s into the early 1970s. Throughout the interview, Wright emphasizes the intersections of race, economics, and urban renewal in the consolidation of local politics.
Interviewee: L. M. Wright    Interviewer: Bill Moye
Duration: 01:26:07     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.
106.
Frank Daniels Jr., September 11, 2002. Interview R-0320.
Leadership in the Press, Leadership in the Hospital: Frank Daniels Jr., publisher of the News and Observer of Raleigh, North Carolina, shares some tidbits about his experience at the paper and his involvement in hospital administration as the chairman of the board of directors of Rex Hospital in Raleigh.
Interviewee: Frank Daniels    Interviewer: Kathleen Kearns
Duration: 00:58:36     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.
107.
Joseph A. Herzenberg, November 1, 2000. Interview K-0196.
Gay Life in Chapel Hill, North Carolina: Longtime Chapel Hill, North Carolina, city councilman Joseph A. Herzenberg describes his experiences as a gay man in a southern town.
Interviewee: Joseph A. Herzenberg    Interviewer: Chris McGinnis
Duration: 01:12:43     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 9 excerpts.
108.
William I. Ward Jr., March 21, 1975. Interview B-0072.
Charter Commission Representative Discusses Attempt to Consolidate Charlotte and Mecklenburg County, North Carolina: William I. Ward Jr. served on the Charter Commission that created a proposal to consolidate Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, during the late 1960s and early 1970s. He describes the work of the Commission and opposition to consolidation in the northern part of the community.
Interviewee: William I. Ward    Interviewer: Bill Moye
Duration: 00:51:07     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.
109.
Clifford Durr, December 29, 1974. Interview B-0017.
Lawyer and Activist Discusses Broadcast Regulation and the Red Scare: Southern lawyer and activist Clifford Durr describes his work with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) during the 1940s. In particular, he focuses on federal efforts to regulate broadcast radio. He also discusses the impact of the burgeoning Red Scare on his work and his life. The House Committee on Un-American Activities subpoenaed him and his wife, Virginia Foster Durr, during the early 1950s.
Interviewee: Clifford Durr    Interviewer: Allen Tullos
Duration: 02:05:18     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.
110.
Robert W. (Bob) Scott, February 4, 1998. Interview C-0336-1.
"Leadership Has a Responsibility:" The Political Career of Robert W. Scott: Former North Carolina Governor Robert W. (Bob) Scott recalls his early life and describes his ascent from the lieutenant governorship to the governor's mansion.
Interviewee: Robert W. (Bob) Scott    Interviewer: Jack Fleer
Duration: 02:35:07     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 18 excerpts.
111.
Robert W. (Bob) Scott, February 11, 1998. Interview C-0336-2.
"An Awesome Responsibility": Robert W. Scott on Being Governor of North Carolina: Former Governor Robert W. (Bob) Scott discusses his time in office, reflecting on subjects like the power of the governorship, his accomplishments and disappointments, and the effect of the job on his family.
Interviewee: Robert W. (Bob) Scott    Interviewer: Jack Fleer
Duration: 03:32:31     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 22 excerpts.
112.
Daniel H. Pollitt, November 27, 1990. Interview L-0064-1.
The Making of a Civil Liberties Lawyer: Family History and the Early Career of Daniel H. Pollitt: This is the first interview in a nine-part series of interviews with civil liberties lawyer Daniel H. Pollitt. In this interview, Pollitt discusses his family history, his early legal career, his work in defending liberals against the House Un-American Activities Committee during the early McCarthy years, and his brief tenure as a law professor at the University of Arkansas.
Interviewee: Daniel H. Pollitt    Interviewer: Ann McColl
Duration: 01:33:20     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.
113.
Daniel H. Pollitt, November 28, 1990. Interview L-0064-2.
Civil Liberties Lawyer Daniel H. Pollitt Joins the Faculty of the University of North Carolina School of Law: This is the second interview in a nine-part series of interviews with civil liberties lawyer Daniel H. Pollitt. In this interview, Pollitt discusses his decision to join the faculty at the University of North Carolina School of Law in 1957 as well as the history and faculty of the law school.
Interviewee: Daniel H. Pollitt    Interviewer: Ann McColl
Duration: 00:34:52     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 2 excerpts.
114.
Daniel H. Pollitt, December 13, 1990. Interview L-0064-3.
Changes in the Law School Faculty and Student Body During the Late 1950s and 1960s: This is the third interview in a nine-part series of interviews with civil liberties lawyer Daniel H. Pollitt. In this interview, Pollitt discusses changes in the faculty of the UNC School of Law and the student body, paying particular attention to issues of race, gender, and student involvement in community affairs.
Interviewee: Daniel H. Pollitt    Interviewer: Ann McColl
Duration: 01:17:00     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 3 excerpts.
115.
Daniel H. Pollitt, February 15, 1991. Interview L-0064-4.
UNC Law Professor Discusses Race, Athletics, and Student Activism During the Late 1950s and 1960s: This is the fourth interview in a nine-part series of interviews with civil liberties lawyer Daniel H. Pollitt. In this interview, Pollitt describes his role as the faculty advisor to the student NAACP in the recruitment of pioneering African American athletes at UNC. In addition, he discusses his involvement in student activism as a leader of the student YMCA-YWCA.
Interviewee: Daniel H. Pollitt    Interviewer: Ann McColl
Duration: 00:55:32     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 3 excerpts.
116.
Daniel H. Pollitt, February 22, 1991. Interview L-0064-5.
Civil Liberties Lawyer Discusses the AAUP and Academic Freedom at UNC: This is the fifth interview in a nine-part series of interviews with civil liberties lawyer Daniel H. Pollitt. In this interview, Pollitt describes his work the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) during the 1960s and 1970s, paying particular attention to his involvement in the cases of Michael Paull, a graduate student and teaching assistant in the English Department, and Moye Freymann, the founding director of the Carolina Population Center.
Interviewee: Daniel H. Pollitt    Interviewer: Ann McColl
Duration: 00:57:19     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 2 excerpts.
117.
Daniel H. Pollitt, March 21-22, 1991. Interview L-0064-6.
A UNC Law Professor Recounts the 1969 Food Workers' Strike: This is the sixth interview in a nine-part series of interviews with civil liberties lawyer Daniel H. Pollitt. In this interview, Pollitt offers a vivid retelling of the events that led up to the UNC food workers' strike of 1969, the unfolding of the strike itself, and the reactions of UNC students and faculty.
Interviewee: Daniel H. Pollitt    Interviewer: Ann McColl
Duration: 01:03:13     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 3 excerpts.
118.
Daniel H. Pollitt, April 5, 1991. Interview L-0064-7.
UNC Law Professor Discusses the Speaker Ban Controversy at University of North Carolina: This is the seventh interview in a nine-part series of interviews with civil liberties lawyer Daniel H. Pollitt. In this interview, Pollitt describes the Speaker Ban controversy at the University of North Carolina during the mid-1960s, paying special attention to student, faculty, and administrative reactions to the ban.
Interviewee: Daniel H. Pollitt    Interviewer: Ann McColl
Duration: 00:52:32     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 3 excerpts.
119.
Daniel H. Pollitt, April 11, 1991. Interview L-0064-8.
Highlights in the Career of a Civil Liberties Lawyer: This is the eighth interview in a nine-part series of interviews with civil liberties lawyer Daniel H. Pollitt. In this interview, Pollitt offers highlights from his career as a civil liberties lawyer, including cases he took on during the 1980s.
Interviewee: Daniel H. Pollitt    Interviewer: Ann McColl
Duration: 00:56:03     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 3 excerpts.
120.
Daniel H. Pollitt, April 17, 1991. Interview L-0064-9.
Civil Liberties Lawyer Daniel H. Pollitt Discusses His Work with Social Justice Organizations: This is the last in a nine-part series of interviews with civil liberties lawyer Daniel H. Pollitt. In this interview, Pollitt describes his work with a variety of organizations that shared his vision of protecting civil liberties.
Interviewee: Daniel H. Pollitt    Interviewer: Ann McColl
Duration: 01:21:41     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.
121.
Margaret Carter, October 25, 1975. Interview A-0309-1.
Margaret Carter Remembers Mid-Twentieth-Century Texas Politics: Margaret Carter, the "grand dame of liberal Texas politics," reflects on how she and her husband became interested in politics, what she learned through her political experiences, the ways the state's political structure changed from the New Deal era through the late 1950s, and the character of various state politicians.
Interviewee: Margaret Carter    Interviewer: Chandler Davidson
Duration: 02:07:52     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 18 excerpts.
122.
Billy E. Barnes, October 7, 2003. Interview O-0037.
Documentary Photographer Describes His Work with the North Carolina Fund: Billy E. Barnes is a photographer who is known for his documentary work on racial and economic justice issues in the 1950s and 1960s. In this interview, Barnes discusses his work with the North Carolina Fund and the organization's efforts at breaking the cycle of poverty in North Carolina. He also offers descriptions of his photography of impoverished people in North Carolina.
Interviewee: Billy E. Barnes    Interviewer: Elizabeth Gritter
Duration: 02:32:00     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.
123.
James Folsom, December 28, 1974. Interview A-0319.
How a Southern Governor Opposed Racial Violence, Minority Rule, and Financial Waste in Alabama: James Folsom served as the governor of Alabama for two terms in the 1940s, during which time he worked to change racial politics and improve the plight of black Americans. As governor, he opposed the poll tax, appealed for reapportionment of state funding, and avoided campaign slogans and gimmicks based on racist rhetoric. He describes how he developed liberal ideas on race and why he believed that race was no longer a viable political issue in the South.
Interviewee: James Folsom    Interviewer: Allen Tullos, Candace Waid
Duration: 01:48:40     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.
124.
James E. Holshouser Jr., January 31, 1998. Interview C-0328-1.
CEO and Cheerleader: A North Carolina Governor Reflects on His Executive Role: James E. Holshouser Jr., the first Republican governor of North Carolina since 1896, reflects on his early political life, his gubernatorial campaign, and his governorship.
Interviewee: James E. Holshouser    Interviewer: Jack Fleer
Duration: 03:07:33     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 21 excerpts.
125.
James E. Holshouser Jr., March 13, 1998. Interview C-0328-2.
"An Extremely Awesome Responsibility": James Holshouser on North Carolina's Governorship: James E. Holshouser Jr., North Carolina's first Republican governor since 1896, reflects on the office and the challenges it presents.
Interviewee: James E. Holshouser    Interviewer: Jack Fleer
Duration: 03:01:32     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 20 excerpts.
126.
James E. Holshouser Jr., May 9, 1998. Interview C-0328-3.
Politics and the Party: A Former Governor's Thoughts on North Carolina: James E. Holshouser Jr., North Carolina's governor from 1973 to 1977, reflects on his term, the Republican Party, and North Carolina politics.
Interviewee: James E. Holshouser    Interviewer: Jack Fleer
Duration: 01:34:02     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 16 excerpts.
127.
Terry Sanford, May 14, 1976. Interview A-0328-1.
North Carolina Politician Describes the State's Democratic Machine: Terry Sanford—former state senator, governor, president of Duke University, and member of the United States Senate—describes Democratic politics in North Carolina.
Interviewee: Terry Sanford    Interviewer: Brent Glass
Duration: 02:51:01     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 13 excerpts.
128.
John Seigenthaler, December 24 and 26, 1974. Interview A-0330.
Southern Journalist Discusses His Path from Investigative Journalist to His Position in the Kennedy Administration: Investigative reporter John Seigenthaler discusses his early career as a journalist at The Tennessean of Nashville during the 1950s, his work with Robert F. Kennedy during the 1960s, and his role as the editor of The Tennessean into the mid-1960s. Seigenthaler focuses on the unique nature of southern journalism and the homogenization of southern culture during the 1960s and 1970s.
Interviewee: John Seigenthaler    Interviewer: William Finger, Jim Tramel
Duration: 03:55:39     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 9 excerpts.
129.
Robert Giles, September 10, 1987. Interview C-0063.
North Carolina Public School Policy Maker Recalls State Politicians' Response to the Brown Ruling: Robert Giles recalls state politicians' efforts to hinder total school integration in North Carolina through the use of moderate token desegregation and effective state policy.
Interviewee: Robert Giles    Interviewer: Jay Jenkins
Duration: 01:11:37     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.
130.
Mack Pearsall, May 25, 1988. Interview C-0057.
Remembering the Pearsall Plan in North Carolina: Mack Pearsall recalls his father's role in the Pearsall Plan, a school desegregation strategy in post-Brown North Carolina that allowed parents to move their children to non-integrated schools. He expresses faith that economic progress will positively affect the state's race relations.
Interviewee: Mack Pearsall    Interviewer: Walter E. Campbell
Duration: 01:03:09     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 8 excerpts.
131.
James E. Holshouser Jr., June 4, 1998. Interview C-0328-4.
Party Builder: James E. Holshouser Jr. and Republican Politics in North Carolina: James E. Holshouser Jr., who in 1972 was the first Republican since 1896 to take North Carolina's governorship, reflects on his term and on the state of the Republican Party.
Interviewee: James E. Holshouser    Interviewer: Jack Fleer
Duration: 01:09:41     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 12 excerpts.
132.
Ted Fillette, April 11, 2006. Interview U-0186.
Southern Lawyer Advocates for Tenants and Welfare Rights in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina: This is the second interview in a two-part series with southern lawyer Ted Fillette of the Legal Aid Society of Mecklenburg County, North Carolina. In this interview, Fillette focuses on his work as a legal advocate of tenant and welfare rights from the 1970s into the early twenty-first century. Throughout, he discusses the legal and political measures taken to ameliorate housing conditions for low-income tenants and to ensure that low-income people have access to social welfare services.
Interviewee: Ted Fillette    Interviewer: Sarah Thuesen
Duration: 02:03:08     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 7 excerpts.
133.
Charles M. Jones, November 8, 1976. Interview B-0041.
A Presbyterian Minister Recalls His Decades of Activism in Chapel Hill: Presbyterian minister Charles Jones recounts his civil rights activism in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, from the 1930s to the 1960s.
Interviewee: Charles M. Jones    Interviewer: Joseph A. Herzenberg
Duration: 01:51:20     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 7 excerpts.
134.
Pat Cusick, June 19, 1989. Interview L-0043.
Civil Rights Activism in Chapel Hill, North Carolina: Pat Cusick recalls his participation in the civil rights movement in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Imprisoned for his role in these demonstrations, he describes the formative impact his incarceration had in stirring up his radicalism, emboldening his support of nonviolent strategies, and connecting with other like-minded activists. Cusick also discusses coming to terms with his homosexuality.
Interviewee: Pat Cusick    Interviewer: Pamela Dean
Duration: 02:34:47     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 19 excerpts.
135.
Virginius Dabney, June 10-13, 1975. Interview A-0311-1.
Virginius Dabney Recalls His Newspaper Career in Richmond, Virginia: Virginius Dabney recounts his early experiences as a reporter for the Richmond News Leader as well as his later stint as the editor of that newspaper. He also discusses his attitudes about the role of reporters in the political and social arenas, and his work with the Southern Regional Council.
Interviewee: Virginius Dabney    Interviewer: Daniel Jordan, William H. Turpin
Duration: 05:09:51     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 22 excerpts.
136.
James B. Hunt, October 3, 2001. Interview C-0332.
Four-Term North Carolina Governor Recalls His Political Platforms: In the third of three interviews, four-term Democratic North Carolina Governor James B. Hunt assesses his leadership and the changes that occurred in the Democratic Party during his tenure.
Interviewee: James B. Hunt    Interviewer: Jack Fleer
Duration: 01:58:34     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 9 excerpts.
137.
James B. Hunt, August 15, 2001. Interview C-0331.
Governor James B. Hunt Discusses the Rewards and Difficulties of Holding Office: In the second of three interviews, four-term Democratic North Carolina Governor James B. Hunt discusses the elements—including team-building and bipartisanship—that shaped his philosophy as governor and resulted in political accomplishments.
Interviewee: James B. Hunt    Interviewer: Jack Fleer
Duration: 02:02:05     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 6 excerpts.
138.
James B. Hunt, May 18, 2001. Interview C-0329.
North Carolina Governor James B. Hunt Describes His Political Development: In this first of three interviews, four-term Democratic North Carolina Governor James B. Hunt recalls the forces that shaped his political views. He also discusses his early interest in elective politics and describes his rise through the ranks of the Democratic Party.
Interviewee: James B. Hunt    Interviewer: Jack Fleer
Duration: 01:34:10     Annotated Excerpts: Listen to and read all 7 excerpts.